geography
gb/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ us/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
B1
Anglais
~ 5100
Sens
0 sens
Nom
B1
entity
1
the study of places
A school subject about places, land, weather, and people on Earth.
Schéma d’usage :
study [geography]
Erreur fréquente :
Learners often confuse geography with geometry (math) or geology (rocks and Earth's interior). Geography is about places, people, and environments. Also, the school subject is usually uncountable: say 'study geography,' not 'study a geography.'
Synonymes
earth science (Broader field that includes geology, meteorology, and more; geography is one part.)
|
spatial science (Academic label emphasizing spatial patterns; less common in everyday speech.)
Collocations
physical geography
|human geography
|economic geography
|geography class
|geography teacher
|geography textbook
Thèmes
science
|education
|nature
Exemples
- She studied geography at university and now works in urban planning.
- Our geography teacher explained how rivers shape valleys.
- The textbook provides a clear introduction to geography.
- He's majoring in geography with a focus on climate change.
Exemples pédagogiques
- I have geography on Tuesday.
- She wants to study geography at college.
- Our geography class talks about maps and weather.
Nom
B2
entity
2
the terrain of an area
The natural shape of a place, like mountains and rivers, and how things are arranged there.
Schéma d’usage :
the geography of [a place]
Erreur fréquente :
Some learners use 'geology' when they mean physical features of a place. Use 'geography' or 'topography' for surface features; 'geology' is about rocks and Earth's structure.
Synonymes
terrain (Focuses on the land's surface and its difficulty for travel.)
|
topography (More technical; the detailed mapping or surface features of an area.)
Collocations
the geography of the region
|rugged geography
|mountainous geography
|local geography
|varied geography
|harsh geography
Thèmes
nature
|travel
|science
Exemples
- The geography of Iceland is dominated by volcanoes and glaciers.
- Because of the city's geography, neighborhoods are separated by steep hills.
- The park's varied geography includes forests, wetlands, and cliffs.
- The region's harsh geography makes road building expensive.
Exemples pédagogiques
- The geography of this island has many mountains.
- The city's geography makes buses slow.
- The region's geography includes a big river.
Nom
formal
C1
entity
3
layout or distribution of something
How parts of something are placed in space, not only in real places but also in systems or ideas.
Schéma d’usage :
the geography of [something]
Erreur fréquente :
Many learners think 'geography' only refers to the Earth. In formal writing, it can also mean the spatial pattern of parts in a system (usually in the phrase 'the geography of [something]').
Synonymes
layout (Emphasizes physical arrangement; less about distribution across wide areas.)
|
distribution (Stresses how things are spread out; may not imply structure.)
Collocations
the geography of the market
|the geography of the internet
|the geography of the brain
|organizational geography
|the geography of the supply chain
Thèmes
business
|technology
|analysis
|science
Exemples
- We need to understand the geography of our supply chain before we redesign it.
- The political geography of the country changed after the reform.
- The geography of the brain's language areas varies across individuals.
- The office's social geography encourages collaboration.
Exemples pédagogiques
- The geography of the market keeps most buyers in big cities.
- The geography of our team—who sits where—affects how we talk.
- We mapped the geography of the network to find weak points.
Nom
technical
B2
entity
4
regions as market areas
In business, a 'geography' means a market area or region.
Schéma d’usage :
expand into new [geographies]
Erreur fréquente :
Outside business writing, people rarely use 'geography' as a countable noun. In everyday English, say 'regions' or 'markets' instead of 'geographies.'
Synonymes
region (General word for an area; not limited to business contexts.)
|
territory (Sales or legal term for an assigned area.)
Collocations
enter new geographies
|across key geographies
|multiple geographies
|target geographies
|emerging geographies
Thèmes
business
|economics
Exemples
- The startup plans to expand into new geographies next year.
- Our service operates across three key geographies: North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific.
- The report compares performance across different geographies.
Exemples pédagogiques
- The company will enter two new geographies.
- We sell in many geographies now.
- They will focus on this geography first.
Grammaire
Forme canonique
geography
API
GB/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
US/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
Syllabes et accentuation
geo - graphy (2 syllabes)
Stress on 2nd syllable (graphy)
Formes du mot
Noun
- Base: geography
- Plural: geographies, geography
Famille de mots
Forms
geographies
noun
Core family
Related words
geographer
noun
geopolitical
adjective C1
Advanced or less common
geopolitics
noun C1
geospatial
adjective C1
Expressions
change the geography of
1/t͡ʃˈeɪnd͡ʒ ðə d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi əv/
fixed phrase
formal
alter spatial distribution
To make the layout or spread of something different.
Exemples
- Remote work could change the geography of cities.
- New trade routes will change the geography of global shipping.
economic geography
1/ˌɛkənˈɑmɪk d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: economy in space
A field that studies where businesses and jobs are and why they are there.
Exemples
- Economic geography explains why industries cluster in certain regions.
- Her research in economic geography focuses on tech hubs.
expand into new geographies
1/ɪkspˈænd ˈɪntu njˈu d͡ʒˈoʊɡɹˈæfiz/
fixed phrase
technical
enter more regional markets
Start selling or operating in more regions.
Exemples
- They plan to expand into new geographies after the funding round.
- We expanded into new geographies to reach more customers.
geography lesson
1/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi lˈɛsən/
fixed phrase
a lesson about places
A class or explanation that teaches facts about places.
Exemples
- Today's geography lesson was about river deltas.
- Thanks for the quick geography lesson on the Balkans.
human geography
1/hjˈumən d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: people and places
The part of geography that studies people, cities, cultures, and how they are spread out.
Exemples
- She specializes in human geography and migration.
- Human geography looks at how cities grow and change.
physical geography
1/fˈɪzɪkəl d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: natural features
The part of geography that studies land, water, weather, and natural processes.
Exemples
- My course in physical geography covers rivers and climate.
- Volcanoes are a key topic in physical geography.
political geography
1/pəlˈɪtɪkəl d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: politics and space
A field that looks at borders, countries, and how power is organized in space.
Exemples
- Political geography examines how borders shape identity.
- We discussed redistricting in our political geography seminar.
the geography of
1/ðə d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi əv/
fixed phrase
the layout of something
Used to talk about how a place, system, or topic is set up in space.
Exemples
- The geography of the campus makes cycling easy.
- We analyzed the geography of the market before launching.