Vocafy - Skuteczna nauka języków Vocafy - Skuteczna nauka języków
Angielski - Francuski

of

gb/əv/ us/əv/
A1 Angielski
~ 100
A1
1
Schemat użycia:
[something] of [someone/something]
The cover of the book is torn.
She is a friend of my sister.
The capital of France is Paris.
The color of the car is red.
Przykłady dla uczących się
This is the bag of my brother.
The name of my school is Greenfield.
The legs of the table are broken.
The house of my uncle is big.
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes confuse 'of' with 'for' when talking about possession, e.g., saying 'the bag for my brother' instead of 'the bag of my brother'.
Znaczenie
shows possession or belonging
Kolokacje
part of |member of |one of |owner of |capital of
Synonimy
belonging to (A direct but longer phrase expressing the same idea of possession.)
Antonimy
not belonging to (Expresses the opposite relationship, indicating no possession or connection.)
Tematy
grammar |daily life |core_vocabulary |communication
Definicja

Used to show that something belongs to someone or is part of something.

Used to indicate that something belongs to or is connected with someone or something.

A2
2
Schemat użycia:
[something] of [place/person]
She is a woman of great talent.
This wine is of French origin.
He is a citizen of Canada.
Przykłady dla uczących się
He is a boy of Japan.
This cake is of my mother.
I am a student of London.
Częsty błąd:
Learners may overuse 'from' instead of 'of' in formal contexts, e.g., 'wine from France' vs. 'wine of France'.
Znaczenie
shows origin or source
Kolokacje
man of Italy |wine of Spain |citizen of |product of
Synonimy
from ('From' can often replace 'of' when describing origin, though usage patterns differ.)
Antonimy
to (Indicates destination rather than origin.)
Tematy
geography |culture |core_vocabulary |communication
Definicja

Used to show where something comes from or who made it.

Used to indicate the place, person, or thing from which something comes or originates.

A2
3
Schemat użycia:
[something] of [material]
The ring is made of gold.
The chair is of solid wood.
This sculpture is of marble.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The table is made of wood.
Her dress is of cotton.
This box is of paper.
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes confuse 'made of' with 'made from', especially when the material changes form during production.
Znaczenie
shows material or composition
Kolokacje
made of |composed of |full of
Synonimy
made from ('Made from' can be used similarly but often implies transformation during production.)
Antonimy
without (Indicates absence rather than presence of material.)
Tematy
materials |objects |core_vocabulary |communication
Definicja

Used to say what material something is made from.

Used to indicate what something is made from or composed of.

A1
4
Schemat użycia:
[part] of [whole]
He is a member of the club.
One of the books was missing.
This piece of cake is for you.
Przykłady dla uczących się
I am part of the class.
She is one of my friends.
This page is part of the book.
Znaczenie
shows part-whole relationship
Kolokacje
part of a team |piece of cake |member of a group
Synonimy
belonging to group (Describes inclusion in a set or whole.)
Antonimy
apart from (Indicates separation from a whole rather than inclusion.)
Tematy
math |daily life |core_vocabulary |communication
Definicja

Used to show that something is part of a group or whole thing.

Used to indicate that something is a part or member within a larger whole.

B1
5
He died of old age.
She is tired of waiting.
They are sick of the noise.
Przykłady dla uczących się
He died of hunger.
She is tired of work.
I am sick of rain.
Znaczenie
shows cause or reason
Kolokacje
died of cancer |sick of flu
Synonimy
because of ('Because of' is more explicit and often interchangeable.)
Antonimy
despite (Indicates contrast rather than cause.)
Tematy
reasoning |core_vocabulary |communication
Definicja

Used to show why something happens.

Used to indicate the cause, reason, or motive for something.

Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
of
IPA
GB/əv/
US/əv/
Sylaby i akcent
of (1 sylaba)
Formy wyrazu
Noun
  • Base: of
  • Plural: ofs
Rodzina wyrazów
Forms
ofs noun
Wyrażenia

out of

1
/ˈaʊt əv/
fixed phrase

from; due to; lacking

Shows where something comes from, why it happens, or that there is none left.

Przykłady
  • He spoke out of anger.
  • We are out of milk.

out of

1
/ˈaʊt əv/
fixed phrase

having no more

If you are out of something, you do not have any left.

Przykłady
  • We're out of milk, so I'll stop at the store.
  • The pharmacy is out of that medicine right now.
  • I'm almost out of space on my phone.
Przykłady dla uczących się
  • We are out of bread.
  • The office is out of paper.

because of

1
/bɪkˈʌz əv/
fixed phrase

Shows the reason for something

Used before a noun to show the reason for something.

Przykłady
  • The game was canceled because of rain.
  • The flight was delayed because of bad weather.
  • She was late because of traffic.
  • She missed the meeting because of traffic.

in front of

1
/ˈɪn fɹˈʌnt əv/
fixed phrase

ahead in space relative to something else

In a position ahead of something else in space.

Przykłady
  • The car stopped in front of the house.
  • She stood in front of me during the concert.

in front of

2
/ˈɪn fɹˈʌnt əv/
fixed phrase

ahead; before in space

Shows that something is ahead or before another thing in space.

Przykłady
  • He stood in front of the house.
  • There is a car in front of ours.

instead of

1
/ɪnstˈɛd əv/
fixed phrase

in place of something else

Used to say one thing replaces another thing.

Przykłady
  • We had tea instead of coffee.
  • You should write an email instead of calling her.
  • He went by bus instead of train.
  • They chose to walk instead of taking the car.

on top of

1
/ˈɔn tˈɑp əv/
fixed phrase

Physically above; also in addition to

Physically touching and above something; also used to mean 'in addition to'.

Przykłady
  • He put his bag on top of the table.
  • On top of his studies, he also works part-time.

on top of

2
/ˈɔn tˈɑp əv/
fixed phrase

above and touching something else

Shows that something is above and touching another thing.

Przykłady
  • The book is on top of the table.
  • Snow lay on top of the roof.
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