coma
gb/kˈoʊmə/ us/kˈoʊmə/
B2
Angielski
kóma, kómahiba, szőrüstök, üstök
RZECZOWNIK
B2
1
kóma
B2
Schemat użycia:
[someone] is in a coma; [someone] falls/goes/slips into a coma; [someone] comes out of a coma
After the accident, she was in a coma for two weeks.
A baleset után két hétig kómában volt.
Doctors said he slipped into a coma overnight.
Az orvosok szerint az éjszaka folyamán kómába esett.
He began to wake up slowly and eventually came out of the coma.
Przykłady dla uczących się
My uncle is in a coma.
A nagybátyám kómában van.
She came out of a coma last week.
Múlt héten magához tért a kómából.
Częsty błąd:
Do not confuse coma (a medical condition) with comma (punctuation).
Znaczenie
deep unconscious medical state
Kolokacje
be in a coma
|fall into a coma
|slip into a coma
|go into a coma
|come out of a coma
|recover from a coma
|in a deep coma
|coma patient
|coma induced by [something]
|put [someone] into a coma
Synonimy
unconsciousness (A broader term; not always as prolonged or severe as a coma.)
|
stupor (Often implies reduced awareness; may be less severe than a coma.)
Antonimy
consciousness (The state of being awake and aware.)
|
alertness (Being fully awake and responsive.)
Tematy
health
|medicine
|emergencies
Definicja
a long time of being unconscious because of illness or injury
A prolonged state of deep unconsciousness in which a person cannot be awakened and does not respond normally to pain, light, or sound.
RZECZOWNIK
C1
TECHNICAL
2
kóma
C2
Schemat użycia:
the coma of a comet; [something] forms a coma
The telescope revealed a bright coma surrounding the comet’s nucleus.
A távcső egy fényes kómát mutatott az üstökös magja körül.
As the comet neared the Sun, its coma expanded and the tail became visible.
Ahogy az üstökös közeledett a Naphoz, a kómája kitágult, és láthatóvá vált a csóvája.
Astronomers measured changes in the coma over several nights.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The comet has a coma and a tail.
Az üstökösnek kómája és csóvája van.
Częsty błąd:
This is pronounced the same as medical coma but has a different meaning in astronomy.
Znaczenie
gas and dust around comet
Kolokacje
a comet's coma
|gas coma
|dust coma
|the coma and tail
|a bright coma
|a diffuse coma
|coma size
|coma expands
|coma forms
|coma surrounding the nucleus
Synonimy
envelope (General word for a surrounding layer; less specific than coma.)
|
cloud (Describes appearance; not a technical astronomy term in this use.)
Tematy
space
|astronomy
|science
Definicja
the cloudy part around a comet’s center
A cloud of gas and dust that surrounds the nucleus of a comet, forming its hazy head when the comet approaches the Sun.
RZECZOWNIK
C2
TECHNICAL
3
Schemat użycia:
coma in [a lens/telescope]; reduce/correct coma
The wide-angle lens showed noticeable coma around the streetlights near the frame edges.
A nagylátószögű objektívnél a kép szélein lévő utcai lámpák körül jól látható kómahiba jelent meg.
Astrophotographers use a coma corrector to keep stars sharp across the image.
Az asztrofotósok kómakorrektort használnak, hogy a csillagok a kép egész területén élesek maradjanak.
Stopping down the aperture can reduce coma in some lenses.
Częsty błąd:
Not related to the medical meaning; used mainly in optics and photography.
Znaczenie
optical blur off-center points
Kolokacje
optical coma
|lens coma
|coma aberration
|edge coma
|reduce coma
|correct coma
|coma correction
|coma corrector
|coma visible near the edges
|stars show coma
Synonimy
aberration (General term; coma is one specific type of aberration.)
|
distortion (Broad term; does not specify the comet-like shape typical of coma.)
Antonimy
sharpness (The opposite effect in images: clear, undistorted detail.)
Tematy
science
|technology
|photography
Definicja
a lens problem that makes stars look stretched near the edges
An optical aberration in which points of light away from the center of the image appear distorted, often with a tail-like shape, especially near the edge of the field of view.
RZECZOWNIK
C2
TECHNICAL
4
Schemat użycia:
a coma of hairs; seeds with a coma
Under the microscope, the seed had a fine coma of silky hairs.
Mikroszkóp alatt a magnak finom, selymes szőrüstöke volt.
The coma helps the seeds travel farther on the wind.
A szőrüstök segít, hogy a magok messzebbre jussanak a széllel.
Some species produce coma-bearing seeds that disperse easily.
Częsty błąd:
This is rare outside botany; many learners will never need it.
Znaczenie
tuft of hairs on seed
Kolokacje
a tufted coma
|a coma of hairs
|seed coma
|silky coma
|wind-dispersed seeds
|coma aids dispersal
|seeds with a coma
|coma-bearing seeds
Synonimy
tuft (Describes the shape; not a botanical term for this structure.)
|
seed hair (Plain description; less precise than coma in botany.)
Tematy
nature
|plants
|science
Definicja
soft hairs on a seed that help it fly
A tuft of silky hairs or similar structures on a seed that can help it disperse by wind.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
coma
IPA
GB/kˈoʊmə/
US/kˈoʊmə/
Sylaby i akcent
coma (1 sylaba)
Stress on 1st syllable (coma)
Formy wyrazu
Noun
- Base: coma
- Plural: coma, comae, comas
Rodzina wyrazów
Forms
comae
noun
comas
noun
Core family
comatose
adjective
Wyrażenia
coma patient
1/kˈoʊmə pˈeɪʃənt/
fixed phrase
person who is in coma
a person who is in a coma
Przykłady
- The nurses turned the coma patient regularly to prevent pressure sores.
- Family visits are limited for coma patients in the ICU.
- The hospital specializes in long-term care for coma patients.
come out of a coma
1/kˈʌm ˈaʊt əv ə kˈoʊmə/
fixed phrase
wake after long unconsciousness
to wake up after a coma
Przykłady
- She came out of a coma but didn’t recognize anyone at first.
- The doctors weren’t sure when—or if—he would come out of the coma.
- After ten days, he finally came out of a coma.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- He came out of a coma.
fall into a coma
1/fˈɔl ˈɪntu ə kˈoʊmə/
fixed phrase
suddenly become unconscious
to become unconscious for a long time
Przykłady
- She fell into a coma after a stroke.
- He fell into a coma and needed a ventilator.
- The report said he fell into a coma shortly after the crash.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- She fell into a coma.
go into a coma
1/ɡˈoʊ ˈɪntu ə kˈoʊmə/
fixed phrase
become deeply unconscious
to become unconscious for a long time
Przykłady
- He went into a coma after the severe head injury.
- The patient went into a coma before reaching the hospital.
- In rare cases, untreated infection can cause someone to go into a coma.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- He went into a coma.
in a coma
1/ˈɪn ə kˈoʊmə/
fixed phrase
unconscious for a long time
unconscious for a long time because of illness or injury
Przykłady
- He’s been in a coma since the surgery.
- Her family stayed by her bedside while she was in a coma.
- The doctors said she might remain in a coma for several days.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- She is in a coma.
induced coma
1/ɪndˈust kˈoʊmə/
fixed phrase
technical
coma created by doctors
a coma doctors create using medicine
Przykłady
- Doctors placed him in an induced coma to reduce brain swelling.
- She was kept in an induced coma for three days after the operation.
- An induced coma requires constant monitoring in intensive care.
slip into a coma
1/slˈɪp ˈɪntu ə kˈoʊmə/
fixed phrase
gradually become unconscious
to slowly become unconscious for a long time
Przykłady
- Over the next hour, he slipped into a coma.
- Doctors monitored her closely as she slipped into a coma.
- Without treatment, the condition can cause patients to slip into a coma.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- He slipped into a coma.