deterrence
gb/dɪtˈɚəns/ us/dɪtˈɚəns/
C1
Angielski
elrettentés, visszatartó erő
RZECZOWNIK
C1
FORMAL
1
elrettentés
C1
Schemat użycia:
deterrence of [behavior]; deterrence against [behavior]
The new fines are intended to improve deterrence against illegal dumping.
Az új bírságok célja, hogy erősítsék az illegális hulladéklerakással szembeni elrettentő hatást.
Many experts doubt that longer prison sentences provide much extra deterrence.
Sok szakértő kételkedik abban, hogy a hosszabb börtönbüntetések sokkal nagyobb elrettentő hatással járnak.
Visible security cameras can increase deterrence even when no one is watching them live.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The high fine is meant to provide deterrence.
A magas bírság célja az elrettentés.
Good lighting can help with deterrence against theft.
A jó megvilágítás segíthet a lopások elleni elrettentésben.
Częsty błąd:
Do not confuse deterrence with deterrent. Deterrence is the process or policy; a deterrent is the thing that discourages someone.
Znaczenie
prevention by fear of consequences
Kolokacje
effective deterrence
|crime deterrence
|criminal deterrence
|deterrence strategy
|deterrence measures
|deterrence effect
|deterrence policy
|deterrence of crime
|deterrence against theft
|act as a deterrence
Synonimy
prevention (broader and more general; does not always involve fear of consequences)
|
discouragement (less formal and may involve persuasion rather than threatened costs)
|
dissuasion (formal; emphasizes persuading someone not to act)
Antonimy
encouragement (makes someone more likely to do something)
|
incitement (actively urges or provokes someone to act)
Tematy
law
|crime
|security
|politics
Definicja
Deterrence is preventing people from doing something by making them afraid of the results.
the act, effect, or policy of discouraging someone from doing something by making the possible costs or consequences seem too serious
RZECZOWNIK
C1
TECHNICAL
2
elrettentés
C1
Schemat użycia:
deterrence against [an attack/enemy]; deterrence through [capability/threat]
The alliance relies on deterrence to reduce the risk of a direct attack.
A szövetség az elrettentésre támaszkodik, hogy csökkentse egy közvetlen támadás kockázatát.
Officials argued that a stronger naval presence would support deterrence in the region.
A tisztviselők szerint az erősebb haditengerészeti jelenlét erősítené az elrettentést a térségben.
Deterrence depends not only on military power but also on whether the threat is believable.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The country uses deterrence to prevent attacks.
Az ország elrettentést alkalmaz a támadások megelőzésére.
For deterrence to work, the enemy must believe the threat.
Ahhoz, hogy az elrettentés működjön, az ellenségnek valósnak kell hinnie a fenyegetést.
Częsty błąd:
Deterrence does not mean an actual attack; it means trying to prevent an attack by threat or capability.
Znaczenie
defense through threatened retaliation
Kolokacje
nuclear deterrence
|strategic deterrence
|conventional deterrence
|credible deterrence
|extended deterrence
|deterrence posture
|deterrence capability
|deterrence policy
|maintain deterrence
|strengthen deterrence
Synonimy
strategic dissuasion (more specialized; often used in defense policy)
|
defense by threat (plain explanatory phrase rather than a standard term)
Antonimy
provocation (an action that may trigger the conflict deterrence aims to prevent)
|
appeasement (avoiding conflict by concessions rather than by threatened costs)
Tematy
military
|security
|international_relations
|politics
Definicja
In military use, deterrence means stopping an enemy from attacking by making the enemy believe the cost would be too high.
a military or security strategy in which a state tries to prevent an attack by convincing an enemy that attacking would bring unacceptable costs, especially retaliation
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
deterrence
IPA
GB/dɪtˈɚəns/
US/dɪtˈɚəns/
Sylaby i akcent
de - terrence (2 sylaby)
Stress on 2nd syllable (terrence)
Formy wyrazu
Noun
- Base: deterrence
- Plural: deterrence
Wyrażenia
deterrence by denial
1/dɪtˈɚəns bˈaɪ dɪnˈaɪəl/
fixed phrase
technical
deterrence by blocking success
Deterrence by denial means stopping someone from acting by making success look impossible or very unlikely.
Przykłady
- Strong cyber defenses can create deterrence by denial by making attacks less likely to work.
- The plan emphasizes deterrence by denial rather than threats of retaliation.
- Better border sensors were presented as a form of deterrence by denial.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Good security can create deterrence by denial.
deterrence by punishment
1/dɪtˈɚəns bˈaɪ pˈʌnɪʃmənt/
fixed phrase
technical
deterrence by threatened penalty
Deterrence by punishment means stopping someone from acting by threatening serious consequences afterward.
Przykłady
- The policy relied on deterrence by punishment: any attack would bring a severe response.
- Some crimes are hard to stop through deterrence by punishment if offenders do not expect to be caught.
- Military planners debated whether deterrence by punishment would be credible in that situation.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Deterrence by punishment uses a threat of serious consequences.
deterrence theory
1/dɪtˈɚəns θˈiɚi/
fixed phrase
technical
theory of preventing behavior
Deterrence theory says people are less likely to do something if they expect serious punishment or costs.
Przykłady
- Deterrence theory assumes that potential offenders think about the risk of being caught.
- The article applies deterrence theory to cyberattacks between states.
- Some researchers argue that deterrence theory does not fully explain impulsive crimes.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Deterrence theory links punishment with prevention.
extended deterrence
1/ɪkstˈɛndɪd dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
deterrence protecting allies
Extended deterrence means one country uses its power to help stop attacks on an ally.
Przykłady
- The treaty is intended to provide extended deterrence to smaller allies.
- Extended deterrence depends on whether adversaries believe the promise of support.
- The deployment was meant to reassure allies and strengthen extended deterrence.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Extended deterrence helps protect allies.
general deterrence
1/d͡ʒˈɛnɚəl dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
punishment discouraging others
General deterrence means punishing one person in order to discourage other people from doing the same thing.
Przykłady
- The judge said the sentence had to serve the goal of general deterrence.
- Supporters of harsh penalties often claim they promote general deterrence.
- Evidence for general deterrence is stronger when people believe they are likely to be caught.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- The punishment was meant to create general deterrence.
nuclear deterrence
1/nˈukliɚ dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
prevention by nuclear threat
Nuclear deterrence means trying to stop an enemy from attacking by threatening a nuclear response.
Przykłady
- During the Cold War, nuclear deterrence shaped relations between the superpowers.
- The government says its submarine fleet is essential for nuclear deterrence.
- Critics argue that nuclear deterrence carries serious risks of accident or miscalculation.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Nuclear deterrence is based on fear of a nuclear response.
specific deterrence
1/spɪsˈɪfɪk dɪtˈɚəns/
fixed phrase
technical
punishment discouraging same offender
Specific deterrence means trying to stop the same person from offending again.
Przykłady
- The court considered whether a short prison term would provide specific deterrence.
- Probation can support specific deterrence by closely monitoring the offender.
- The policy focuses on specific deterrence rather than making an example of offenders.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Specific deterrence aims to stop that offender from repeating the crime.