dirty
gb/dˈɚti/ us/dˈɚti/
A1
Angielski
~ 2900
piszkos, trágár, disznó, obszcén, tisztességtelen, bepiszkol
A1
1
piszkos
A2
Schemat użycia:
[something] is dirty
Her shoes were dirty after walking through the park.
Piszkos lett a cipője, miután átsétált a parkon.
The windows are so dirty you can barely see through them.
Az ablakok olyan piszkosak, hogy alig lehet átlátni rajtuk.
He washed his dirty hands before dinner.
Przykłady dla uczących się
My shirt is dirty.
Piszkos az ingem.
The table is dirty.
Piszkos az asztal.
His face is dirty.
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes confuse 'dirty' with 'messy'. 'Dirty' means not clean, while 'messy' means untidy but not necessarily unclean.
Znaczenie
Not clean; soiled
Kolokacje
dirty clothes
|dirty hands
|dirty shoes
|dirty floor
|dirty water
Synonimy
unclean (More formal and less common in everyday speech.)
Antonimy
clean (Means free from dirt or unwanted substances.)
Tematy
daily life
|home
|hygiene
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
Definicja
Not clean; having something like dust, mud, or grease on it.
Covered with or containing an unwanted substance such as dust, mud, or grease.
B1
INFORMAL
2
Schemat użycia:
[someone/something] is dirty
He told a dirty joke at the party.
Disznó viccet mesélt a partin.
Stop making dirty comments about her.
Ne tegyél róla trágár megjegyzéseket.
Some magazines contain dirty pictures.
Przykłady dla uczących się
He made a dirty joke.
Disznó viccet mondott.
That movie has some dirty scenes.
Abban a filmben van néhány obszcén jelenet.
Don't say dirty words.
Częsty błąd:
Learners may confuse 'dirty' in this sense with physically unclean; context usually makes the meaning clear.
Znaczenie
Sexually rude or offensive
Kolokacje
dirty joke
|dirty mind
|dirty talk
Synonimy
obscene (Stronger and more formal; often used in legal contexts.)
Antonimy
innocent (Free from sexual or offensive connotation.)
Tematy
emotions
|communication
|core_vocabulary
Definicja
Talking about sex or rude things in a way that may offend people.
Containing or expressing sexual content or other material considered offensive or obscene.
B2
3
piszkos
B1
Schemat użycia:
[someone/something] is dirty
The election campaign turned into a dirty fight.
A választási kampány piszkos harccá fajult.
They used dirty tricks to win the contract.
Piszkos trükköket vetettek be, hogy elnyerjék a szerződést.
It's a dirty business full of corruption.
Przykłady dla uczących się
He played a dirty game.
Piszkos játékot játszott.
The politician used dirty tricks.
A politikus piszkos trükköket vetett be.
It was a dirty fight.
Znaczenie
Dishonest or unfair
Kolokacje
dirty tricks
|dirty politics
|dirty game
Synonimy
dishonest (General term for not telling the truth or cheating.)
Antonimy
fair (Acting honestly and according to rules.)
Tematy
law
|business
|sports
|core_vocabulary
Definicja
Using bad or unfair ways to win or get something.
Involving dishonest, unfair, or illegal methods to achieve something.
CZASOWNIK
A2
4
bepiszkol
A2
Schemat użycia:
to dirty [something]
Don't dirty your shoes before the meeting.
Ne piszkold be a cipődet a megbeszélés előtt.
She dirtied the kitchen floor while cooking.
Főzés közben bepiszkolta a konyha padlóját.
The children dirtied their clothes playing outside.
Przykłady dla uczących się
Don't dirty your hands.
Ne piszkold be a kezed.
He dirtied his pants.
Bepiszkolta a nadrágját.
She dirtied the floor.
Znaczenie
Make something unclean
Kolokacje
dirty the carpet
|dirty your clothes
Synonimy
soil (Slightly more formal and less common in everyday speech.)
Antonimy
clean (To remove dirt or make something clean again.)
Tematy
daily life
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
Definicja
To make something not clean by putting dirt or something like it on it.
To cause something to become unclean by adding dirt, dust, or another unwanted substance.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
dirty
IPA
GB/dˈɚti/
US/dˈɚti/
Sylaby i akcent
dirty (1 sylaba)
Stress on 1st syllable (dirty)
Formy wyrazu
Adjective
- Base: dirty
- Comparative: dirtier
- Superlative: dirtiest
Verb
- Base: dirty
- 3rd Person Singular: dirties
- Present Participle: dirtying
- Past: dirtied
Rodzina wyrazów
Wyrażenia
do someone’s dirty work
1/dˈu sˈʌmwˌʌnz dˈɚti wˈɚk/
idiom
Do unpleasant tasks for someone else
To do an unpleasant or bad job for another person so they don't have to do it themselves.
Przykłady
- She always gets her assistant to do her dirty work.
- He refused to do the boss’s dirty work anymore.
get your hands dirty
1/ɡˈɛt jˈʊɹ hˈændz dˈɚti/
idiom
informal
Do unpleasant practical work
To do hard, messy, or unpleasant work yourself instead of letting others do it.
Przykłady
- As a manager, he’s not afraid to get his hands dirty.
- Sometimes you have to get your hands dirty to get the job done.
play dirty
1/plˈeɪ dˈɚti/
idiom
informal
Act dishonestly to win
To use unfair or dishonest ways to win or get what you want.
Przykłady
- If you want to win against him, be prepared—he plays dirty.
- The company played dirty to beat its competitors.
dirty laundry
1/dˈɚti lˈɔndɹi/
idiom
informal
embarrassing or private secrets
Private or shameful things about a person or family that they don’t want other people to know.
Przykłady
- The book reveals a lot of the family’s dirty laundry.
- He didn’t want their dirty laundry discussed in public.
dirty laundry
2/dˈɚti lˈɔndɹi/
idiom
Private embarrassing matters
Personal problems that you do not want other people to know about.
Przykłady
- They aired their dirty laundry in public during the meeting.
- Don't wash your dirty laundry in public; keep family issues private.