etch
gb/ˈɛt͡ʃ/ us/ˈɛt͡ʃ/
B2
Angielski
bevés, gravíroz, marat, beleég, bevésődik, kiül, vés, rézkarcot készít, mar
CZASOWNIK
C1
1
Schemat użycia:
etch [something] on/into [surface]
The jeweler etched our wedding date into the inside of the ring.
Az ékszerész a gyűrű belső oldalába gravírozta az esküvőnk dátumát.
They etched the company logo onto the glass doors.
A cég logóját az üvegajtókba maratták.
Her initials were etched neatly into the silver bracelet.
Przykłady dla uczących się
He etched his name into the metal.
Bevéste a nevét a fémbe.
The design is etched on the glass.
A minta az üvegbe van maratva.
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes use *scratch* when the meaning is a deliberate, lasting design; *etch* suggests a more permanent, crafted mark (often using tools or acid).
Znaczenie
cut a design into a surface
Kolokacje
etch initials
|etch a name
|etch a pattern
|etch a design
|etch a logo
|etch lines
|etch into glass
|etch into metal
|etched glass
|laser-etched
Synonimy
engrave (Often used for letters or designs cut into metal, wood, or stone.)
|
carve (More general; suggests cutting away material, often deeper than etching.)
Antonimy
erase (Removes marks instead of creating a lasting one.)
Tematy
arts
|materials
|crafts
Definicja
To make a picture or words by cutting or burning them into a surface.
To cut, carve, or chemically eat a design, pattern, or writing into a hard surface such as metal, glass, or stone.
CZASOWNIK
B2
2
Schemat użycia:
etch [something] in/into [someone]'s mind/memory; be etched in/into [someone]'s mind/memory
The sound of the explosion is etched in my memory.
A robbanás hangja beleégett az emlékezetembe.
That look on her face was etched into my mind for years.
Az a tekintet az arcán évekre beleégett az emlékezetembe.
The childhood scene remains etched in his mind.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The moment is etched in my memory.
Az a pillanat beleégett az emlékezetembe.
Częsty błąd:
Common pattern is passive: *It was etched in my memory* (not usually *etched to my memory*).
Znaczenie
make unforgettable in memory
Kolokacje
etched in my mind
|etched in her memory
|etched into his brain
|forever etched
|deeply etched
|etched on my heart
Synonimy
imprint (Suggests leaving a strong mental mark, often from experience.)
|
sear (Stronger and more emotional; often used for painful memories.)
Antonimy
forget (Not keep in memory.)
Tematy
emotions
|memory
|daily_life
Definicja
To be remembered very clearly for a long time.
To make an image, feeling, or moment stay very clearly and permanently in someone’s memory.
CZASOWNIK
C1
3
Schemat użycia:
be etched on/in [something]; etch [something] on/in [something]
Worry was etched on his face as he read the email.
Ahogy olvasta az e-mailt, aggodalom ült ki az arcára.
Years of hard work had etched deep lines around her eyes.
Évek kemény munkája mély vonalakat vésett a szeme köré.
Shock was etched into their expressions.
Przykłady dla uczących się
Fear was etched on his face.
Félelem ült ki az arcára.
Częsty błąd:
This sense is usually figurative and often passive (*was etched on his face*).
Znaczenie
show clearly as if carved
Kolokacje
etched on his face
|etched in her features
|pain etched
|fear etched
|a grimace etched
|lines etched
Synonimy
stamp (More informal; suggests a noticeable effect or expression.)
|
mark (More general; not as vivid as *etch*.)
Antonimy
hide (Keep something from being seen clearly.)
Tematy
people
|emotions
|describing_people
Definicja
To be very clearly shown on someone’s face or on something.
To make lines, features, or an expression appear very clearly, as if carved into a surface.
CZASOWNIK
C1
TECHNICAL
4
marat
C1
Schemat użycia:
etch [a plate]; etch [something]
She etched the design onto a copper plate and printed several proofs.
A mintát rézlemezbe maratta, majd több próbanyomatot készített.
The artist etched fine lines to create the shadows.
A művész finom vonalakat maratott, hogy kialakítsa az árnyékokat.
He learned to etch plates in a printmaking class.
Znaczenie
make an etching for printing
Kolokacje
etch a plate
|etched plate
|etch a copper plate
|etch a print
|etched line
Synonimy
engrave (A related printmaking method; engraving is typically cut with tools rather than acid.)
Antonimy
paint (Adds pigment rather than creating a recessed image for printing.)
Tematy
arts
|printing
Definicja
To make a picture on a plate for printing, using acid.
To produce an image on a metal plate by using acid or another process, so that it can be printed as an etching.
CZASOWNIK
C2
TECHNICAL
5
mar
C1
Schemat użycia:
etch [material/part]; etch [pattern] into [material]
The process etches microscopic patterns into the silicon wafer.
Az eljárás mikroszkopikus mintázatokat mar a szilíciumszeletbe.
Technicians etched away the top layer to expose the wiring.
A technikusok lemaratták a felső réteget, hogy feltárják a vezetékeket.
A stronger solution can etch the surface too quickly.
Znaczenie
remove material using an etching process
Kolokacje
etch silicon
|etch a wafer
|chemically etch
|plasma etch
|etch a circuit pattern
|etched substrate
Synonimy
corrode (More general and often unwanted; *etch* can be controlled and intentional.)
|
erode (Often gradual and natural rather than engineered.)
Antonimy
deposit (Adds material instead of removing it.)
Tematy
technology
|manufacturing
|science
Definicja
To remove a thin layer of material in a controlled way.
To remove material from a surface, especially in manufacturing, by using chemicals, plasma, or another controlled process.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
etch
IPA
GB/ˈɛt͡ʃ/
US/ˈɛt͡ʃ/
Sylaby i akcent
etch (1 sylaba)
Stress on 1st syllable (etch)
Formy wyrazu
Verb
- Base: etch
- 3rd Person Singular: etches
- Present Participle: etching
- Past: etched
Rodzina wyrazów
Forms
etches
verb
etching
verb
etched
verb
Related words
etcher
noun
Advanced or less common
etchant
noun
Wyrażenia
etch away
1/ˈɛt͡ʃ əwˈeɪ/
phrasal verb
technical
remove gradually from a surface
To slowly remove a layer from a surface.
Przykłady
- The acid etched away the protective coating.
- Engineers etched away the unwanted material to reveal the pattern underneath.
- Overexposure can etch away fine details in the design.
etch out
1/ˈɛt͡ʃ ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
gradually create or define clearly
To slowly make something clear or complete.
Przykłady
- Over time, the team etched out a clear strategy for growth.
- The memoir etches out a vivid picture of life in the city.
- She etched out the details of the agreement in a follow-up email.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- We etched out a plan.