glum
gb/ɡlˈʌm/ us/ɡlˈʌm/
B2
Angielski
kedvetlen, levert, mogorva, duzzogó, borús, lehangoló
B2
1
Schemat użycia:
[someone] looks/feels glum
He was glum after reading the email.
Az e-mail elolvasása után kedvetlen lett.
She gave a glum little nod and went back to work.
Kedvetlenül biccentett egyet, aztán visszament dolgozni.
The kids were glum when the trip got cancelled.
Przykłady dla uczących się
I feel glum today.
Ma kedvetlen vagyok.
He looks glum.
Kedvetlennek látszik.
Częsty błąd:
Don’t confuse glum (sad) with gloomy (often about places/weather) or glam (stylish).
Znaczenie
sad and lacking cheer
Kolokacje
look glum
|feel glum
|a glum expression
|a glum face
|a glum mood
|a glum smile
|sit glumly
|sound glum
|turn glum
|seem glum
Synonimy
sad (more general and more common.)
|
unhappy (often focuses on dissatisfaction as well as sadness.)
|
downcast (suggests a visibly low mood.)
|
gloomy (often stronger; can also describe atmosphere or outlook.)
Antonimy
cheerful (showing happiness and optimism.)
|
bright (lively and positive in mood or expression.)
Tematy
emotions
|daily_life
Definicja
sad and not cheerful
Looking or feeling unhappy, with little energy or cheerfulness.
C1
2
Schemat użycia:
[someone] is glum (because/of/after [something])
He went glum and stopped answering questions.
Mogorva lett, és nem válaszolt többé a kérdésekre.
She stayed glum all evening after the argument.
A veszekedés után egész este mogorva maradt.
The team was glum in the locker room, barely speaking.
Przykłady dla uczących się
He is glum because he is angry.
Mogorva, mert mérges.
She became glum and quiet.
Mogorva és csendes lett.
Częsty błąd:
Glum can mean ‘sullen’ (annoyed and silent), not only ‘sad.’
Znaczenie
sullen and unwilling to talk
Kolokacje
a glum silence
|glum and quiet
|glum and withdrawn
|glum teenager
|glum refusal
|glumly ignore [someone]
|sit glumly
|remain glum
|go glum
|look glumly at [someone/something]
Synonimy
sullen (more clearly linked to annoyance; less about sadness.)
|
moody (suggests changing moods; can be less specific.)
|
sulky (often used for childish or immature behavior.)
Antonimy
friendly (open and willing to engage with others.)
|
talkative (willing to speak and interact.)
Tematy
emotions
|relationships
|communication
Definicja
quietly angry and not talking much
Quietly angry or annoyed, and not wanting to talk or take part.
C1
3
Schemat użycia:
a glum [day/place/room/outlook]
It was a glum, rainy afternoon with low clouds.
Borús, esős délután volt, alacsony felhőkkel.
The meeting ended on a glum note after the budget news.
A költségvetési hírek után a megbeszélés lehangoló hangulatban ért véget.
They drove through a glum industrial district at dusk.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The weather is glum today.
Ma borús az idő.
Znaczenie
dark and depressing in atmosphere
Kolokacje
a glum day
|glum weather
|a glum room
|a glum atmosphere
|a glum outlook
|a glum forecast
Synonimy
gloomy (the most common word for dark or depressing atmosphere.)
|
dreary (emphasizes dullness and lack of brightness or interest.)
Antonimy
bright (full of light or a positive feel.)
|
uplifting (making you feel happier or more hopeful.)
Tematy
emotions
|weather
|travel
|arts
Definicja
making you feel sad or depressed
Creating a gloomy or depressing feeling, especially in a situation or atmosphere.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
glum
IPA
GB/ɡlˈʌm/
US/ɡlˈʌm/
Sylaby i akcent
glum (1 sylaba)
Stress on 1st syllable (glum)
Formy wyrazu
Adjective
- Base: glum
- Comparative: glummer
- Superlative: glummest
Rodzina wyrazów
Wyrażenia
be glum about
1/bˈi ɡlˈʌm əbˈaʊt/
fixed phrase
be unhappy about something
to be sad about something
Przykłady
- They were glum about the delay but accepted it.
- He’s glum about his exam score.
- She sounded glum about moving away.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- I am glum about the news.
feel glum
1/fˈil ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
feel sad or low
to feel sad
Przykłady
- I felt glum after the weekend ended.
- He’s been feeling glum since the breakup.
- She felt glum but tried to stay busy.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- I feel glum.
- She feels glum today.
get the glums
1/ɡˈɛt ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
become sad and sulky
to start feeling sad and sulky
Przykłady
- He gets the glums whenever it rains for days.
- Don’t get the glums—there will be other chances.
- She got the glums after the call and went quiet.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- I get the glums in winter.
have the glums
1/hˈæv ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
be in a sulky mood
to feel sad and sulky
Przykłady
- Don’t worry—he just has the glums today.
- I had the glums all morning, then I went for a run.
- She’s got the glums because her plans fell through.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- He has the glums today.
look glum
1/lˈʊk ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
appear sad or unhappy
to look sad
Przykłady
- You look glum—what happened?
- She looked glum when she heard the result.
- He looked glum and avoided eye contact.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- You look glum.
- I look glum today.