parallelism
gb/pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/ us/pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/
C1
Angielski
párhuzam, párhuzamos szerkesztés, párhuzamosság
RZECZOWNIK
C1
FORMAL
1
párhuzam
B2
Schemat użycia:
[a/the] parallelism between [things]; parallelism in/of [features]
Critics have noticed a strong parallelism between the novel's opening and final chapters.
A kritikusok erős párhuzamot vettek észre a regény nyitó és záró fejezete között.
The report points to a troubling parallelism in the economic problems facing both cities.
A jelentés aggasztó párhuzamra mutat rá a két várost érintő gazdasági problémák között.
There is no exact parallelism between the two legal systems, but the comparison is useful.
Przykłady dla uczących się
There is a clear parallelism between the two stories.
Világos párhuzam van a két történet között.
The teacher showed the parallelism between the paintings.
A tanár megmutatta a párhuzamot a festmények között.
Częsty błąd:
In everyday speech, similarity or parallel is often more natural. Do not use parallelism to mean one parallel line.
Znaczenie
similarity between separate things
Kolokacje
striking parallelism
|close parallelism
|clear parallelism
|historical parallelism
|structural parallelism
|parallelism between
|parallelism in
|show parallelism
|suggest parallelism
|lack of parallelism
Synonimy
similarity (broader and more everyday)
|
correspondence (emphasizes matching features or relationships)
|
analogy (often used for a comparison that explains something)
Antonimy
difference (general lack of likeness)
|
divergence (development or movement in different directions)
Tematy
comparison
|analysis
|writing
Definicja
a clear similarity between two things
a noticeable similarity or correspondence between two or more things, especially in their structure, development, or circumstances
RZECZOWNIK
C1
TECHNICAL
2
Schemat użycia:
parallelism in [a sentence/speech/poem]; use parallelism to [do something]
The slogan uses parallelism: "safe streets, strong schools, and fair taxes."
A szlogen párhuzamos szerkesztést használ: „biztonságos utcák, erős iskolák és méltányos adók”.
Her essay became more persuasive after she added parallelism to the list of demands.
A fogalmazása meggyőzőbb lett, miután párhuzamos szerkesztést alkalmazott a követelések felsorolásában.
Biblical poetry often relies on parallelism, with one line echoing or contrasting with the next.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The sentence "I like running, swimming, and reading" has parallelism.
Az „Szeretek futni, úszni és olvasni” mondatban párhuzamos szerkesztés van.
Parallelism can make a speech easier to remember.
A párhuzamos szerkesztés könnyebben megjegyezhetővé tehet egy beszédet.
Częsty błąd:
Do not confuse this with parallel lines in geometry; this meaning is about matching grammar or style.
Znaczenie
repeated matching sentence structure
Kolokacje
syntactic parallelism
|grammatical parallelism
|rhetorical parallelism
|biblical parallelism
|use parallelism
|create parallelism
|parallelism and repetition
|parallelism in a sentence
|parallelism in poetry
Synonimy
parallel structure (more common in writing instruction)
|
symmetry (broader; suggests balanced form)
|
repetition (broader; may repeat words, sounds, or ideas rather than structure)
Antonimy
asymmetry (lack of balanced matching structure)
|
variation (deliberate difference instead of repeated pattern)
Tematy
writing
|literature
|rhetoric
|grammar
Definicja
using the same grammar pattern in several parts of a sentence or text
the use of the same or a very similar grammatical pattern in related words, phrases, clauses, or lines, especially to create balance, rhythm, or emphasis
RZECZOWNIK
C1
TECHNICAL
3
Schemat użycia:
exploit/increase [parallelism]; [type/degree] of parallelism
The new algorithm gains speed by exploiting parallelism across several processor cores.
Az új algoritmus több processzormag közti párhuzamosság kihasználásával gyorsul fel.
Too much synchronization can reduce parallelism and slow the program down.
A túl sok szinkronizálás csökkentheti a párhuzamosságot, és lelassíthatja a programot.
Graphics chips are designed for a high degree of parallelism.
Przykłady dla uczących się
Parallelism helps the program run faster.
A párhuzamosság segít abban, hogy a program gyorsabban fusson.
The computer uses parallelism to do many tasks at once.
A számítógép a párhuzamosság révén egyszerre sok feladatot tud elvégezni.
Częsty błąd:
Parallelism is not exactly the same as concurrency: concurrency can mean tasks are interleaved, while parallelism usually means they actually run at the same time.
Znaczenie
simultaneous computer processing
Kolokacje
data parallelism
|task parallelism
|instruction-level parallelism
|exploit parallelism
|increase parallelism
|available parallelism
|fine-grained parallelism
|coarse-grained parallelism
|degree of parallelism
|parallelism overhead
Synonimy
parallel processing (emphasizes the method of processing at the same time)
|
simultaneous execution (descriptive technical phrase)
|
concurrency (related, but can include interleaved execution rather than true simultaneous execution)
Antonimy
serial execution (operations happen one after another)
|
sequential processing (processing follows a fixed sequence rather than occurring simultaneously)
Tematy
computing
|software
|performance
Definicja
when a computer does several pieces of work at the same time
the use or presence of simultaneous execution of multiple operations or tasks in a computer system, usually to improve speed or performance
RZECZOWNIK
C1
TECHNICAL
4
Schemat użycia:
parallelism of/between [lines/planes/surfaces]
In this proof, students must show the parallelism of the two opposite sides.
Ebben a bizonyításban a tanulóknak be kell mutatniuk a két szemközti oldal párhuzamosságát.
The surveyor checked the parallelism of the rails over the full length of the track.
A földmérő a sínek párhuzamosságát a pálya teljes hosszában ellenőrizte.
The condition for parallelism is that the two lines have the same slope.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The two lines have parallelism because they never meet.
A két egyenes párhuzamossága abból látszik, hogy soha nem metszik egymást.
The diagram shows the parallelism of the sides.
Az ábra az oldalak párhuzamosságát mutatja.
Częsty błąd:
Parallelism is the property. A single line is not a parallelism; it is parallel to another line.
Znaczenie
state of lines being parallel
Kolokacje
parallelism of lines
|parallelism of planes
|geometric parallelism
|prove parallelism
|test for parallelism
|condition for parallelism
|maintain parallelism
Synonimy
being parallel (plain, nontechnical phrasing)
|
parallel relation (emphasizes the relationship between objects)
Antonimy
nonparallelism (direct technical opposite; uncommon in everyday use)
|
intersection (lines or planes meet rather than remaining apart)
Tematy
mathematics
|geometry
Definicja
the condition of two lines or surfaces being parallel
the property or state of two or more lines, surfaces, or planes being parallel: staying the same distance apart and not meeting
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
parallelism
IPA
GB/pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/
US/pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/
Sylaby i akcent
par - al - lel - ism (4 sylaby)
Stress on 1st syllable (par)
Formy wyrazu
Noun
- Base: parallelism
- Plural: parallelism, parallelisms
Wyrażenia
data parallelism
1/dˈætə pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
technical
same operation on data parts
doing the same computer operation on many pieces of data at once
Przykłady
- The image-processing code uses data parallelism, applying the same filter to many pixels at once.
- GPUs are well suited to data parallelism because they can run one operation across large arrays.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Data parallelism helps the program process many records at the same time.
instruction-level parallelism
1/ɪnstɹˈʌkʃən lˈɛvəl pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
technical
CPU instructions overlap
when a CPU handles several small instructions at the same time
Przykłady
- Modern processors use instruction-level parallelism to overlap simple operations inside the CPU.
- The compiler can sometimes expose more instruction-level parallelism by reordering instructions safely.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- A CPU can use instruction-level parallelism to do small steps at the same time.
massive parallelism
1/mˈæsɪv pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
technical
large-scale simultaneous processing
using a very large number of parallel operations at once
Przykłady
- Modern neural-network training depends on massive parallelism across thousands of GPU cores.
- DNA sequencing platforms achieve massive parallelism by reading millions of fragments at once.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Massive parallelism can make very large calculations faster.
task parallelism
1/tˈæsk pˈɛɹəlˌɛlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
technical
different tasks run together
when a computer runs different jobs at the same time
Przykłady
- The server uses task parallelism: one thread reads requests while another writes results to the database.
- Task parallelism is useful when a program has several independent jobs to do.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Task parallelism lets two different jobs run at once.