ration
gb/ɹˈæʃən/ us/ɹˈæʃən/
B1
Angielski
~ 8600
fejadag, korlátoz, fejadagokban oszt ki, adag, beoszt
RZECZOWNIK
B1
1
fejadag
B2
Schemat użycia:
a ration of [food/drink/fuel]
During the war, each family received a weekly ration of sugar and butter.
A háború alatt minden család heti cukor- és vajfejadagot kapott.
Because of the drought, the government introduced water rations for all households.
Az aszály miatt a kormány minden háztartás számára meghatározott vízfejadagot vezetett be.
Fuel rations were cut again as supplies continued to fall.
Refugees lined up to collect their daily food rations from the aid agency.
The camp strictly controlled medical rations to make sure they lasted the winter.
Przykłady dla uczących się
Each person got a small ration of bread.
Mindenki kis kenyérfejadagot kapott.
We lived on food rations when there was a big storm.
Élelmiszer-fejadagokon éltünk, amikor nagy vihar volt.
The army gave the villagers a ration of rice.
Because there was little water, the town used water rations.
The camp gave out rations once a day.
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes use *ration* as an uncountable noun (e.g., *we lived on ration*). It is usually countable: *a ration*, *two rations*, or in plural form *food rations*.
Znaczenie
fixed share during shortage
Kolokacje
food rations
|water rations
|fuel rations
|wartime rations
|cut rations
|issue rations
Synonimy
allowance (A general word for the amount someone is officially allowed; not always linked to shortage, unlike ration which implies scarcity.)
Antonimy
surplus (Refers to having more goods than needed, the opposite situation of rationing caused by scarcity.)
Tematy
food
|war
|economics
|food_drink
|daily_life
|politics
Definicja
A fixed small amount of food or goods that each person may have, usually in war or when there is not enough.
A fixed, limited amount of food or other basic goods officially allowed to each person, especially during war or a shortage.
CZASOWNIK
B2
2
korlátoz
B1
Schemat użycia:
to ration [something] to [someone]
During the crisis, the authorities decided to ration electricity to prevent blackouts.
A válság idején a hatóságok úgy döntöttek, hogy az áramszünetek megelőzése érdekében korlátozzák az áramfogyasztást.
The camp had to ration food to the refugees until more supplies arrived.
A tábornak fejadagokban kellett kiosztania az élelmet a menekülteknek, amíg újabb készletek nem érkeztek.
In some regions, hospitals are forced to ration oxygen due to high demand.
After the earthquake, clean drinking water was rationed to one bottle per person per day.
The company rationed fuel to its drivers to cut costs.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The government started to ration petrol.
A kormány elkezdte korlátozni a benzin felhasználását.
They rationed water to each family in the village.
A faluban minden családnak csak meghatározott vízadagot adtak.
Because of the storm, we had to ration our food.
The hospital rationed medicine to the patients.
The city will ration power during the heatwave.
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes say *ration to* without an object (e.g., *The government rationed to the people*). The verb needs an object: *ration food to the people* or *ration electricity during the summer*.
Znaczenie
officially limit scarce goods
Kolokacje
ration food
|ration water
|ration supplies
|severely rationed
|government rations
Synonimy
restrict (A broad word for limiting something; *ration* adds the idea of measured, fixed amounts because of shortage.)
Antonimy
liberalize (To remove or relax controls, the opposite of rationing scarce goods.)
Tematy
economics
|government
|war
|politics
|daily_life
|law
Definicja
To say that people can only have a small, fixed amount of something because there is not enough.
To control the use or distribution of something scarce by allowing people only a fixed amount, often by government or an authority.
RZECZOWNIK
B1
3
adag
A2
Schemat użycia:
a ration of [food] for [someone/animal]
Each horse receives its ration of oats every morning.
Mindegyik ló minden reggel megkapja a maga adag zabját.
The children finished their breakfast rations in minutes.
A gyerekek percek alatt megették a reggeli adagjukat.
On the hike, we carried three days’ rations in our backpacks.
Soldiers are trained to survive on their field rations for several days.
The zookeeper checked that every animal had its correct ration.
Przykłady dla uczących się
The dog gets its ration of food twice a day.
A kutya naponta kétszer kapja meg az ételadagját.
My daily ration of rice is one small bowl.
A napi rizsadagom egy kis tál.
We packed extra rations for the long trip.
Each soldier carried his own rations.
The farmer gives each cow a ration of grain.
Częsty błąd:
Learners may confuse this sense with the idea of official wartime rations. Here it simply means a regular, measured amount of food, often for animals or in planned diets, even when there is no shortage.
Znaczenie
regular portion of food
Kolokacje
daily ration
|a ration of hay
|horse's ration
|children's rations
|breakfast ration
Synonimy
portion (A neutral word for an amount of food; *ration* suggests a planned, measured share, often repeated regularly.)
Antonimy
feast (A very large, abundant meal, contrasted with a controlled or limited ration.)
Tematy
food
|animals
|food_drink
|daily_life
Definicja
The usual amount of food that one person or animal gets, often each day or at each meal.
An amount of food that is regularly given to or eaten by one person or animal, especially as part of a planned diet or feeding schedule.
CZASOWNIK
B2
4
beoszt
B1
Schemat użycia:
to ration [something] over [time period]
I had to ration my time between studying and working two jobs.
Be kellett osztanom az időmet a tanulás és a két munkahely között.
We rationed our phone battery so it would last until we found help.
Beosztottuk a telefonunk akkumulátorának töltöttségét, hogy kitartson, amíg segítséget találunk.
She rationed her energy during the week so she wouldn’t burn out.
They rationed the remaining snacks over the three-day journey.
He rationed his painkillers, taking only one when the pain was very bad.
Przykłady dla uczących się
On the trip, we rationed our water carefully.
Az úton gondosan beosztottuk a vizünket.
I must ration my money until payday.
Be kell osztanom a pénzemet fizetésnapig.
She rationed her study time before the exam.
We rationed the chocolate so everyone could have some.
He rationed his phone battery during the long train ride.
Częsty błąd:
Sometimes learners say *ration out* when they only mean *use less* (e.g., *I rationed out my time*). *Ration* or *ration my time* is enough; *ration out* is used especially when you are actively dividing something between people or uses.
Znaczenie
use something slowly and carefully
Kolokacje
ration my time
|ration her energy
|ration battery power
|carefully rationed
|ration our supplies
Synonimy
conserve (Focuses on saving something; *ration* focuses on giving or using it in controlled, measured amounts.)
Antonimy
squander (To waste something carelessly, the opposite of carefully rationing it.)
Tematy
daily life
|time management
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
Definicja
To decide to use only a little of something at a time so it does not run out.
To use or give out something in small, fixed amounts so that it lasts longer, often as a personal or practical choice.
RZECZOWNIK
B2
INFORMAL
5
adag
A2
Schemat użycia:
a daily ration of [non-food thing]
I need my daily ration of coffee before I can talk to anyone.
Szükségem van a napi kávéadagomra, mielőtt bárkivel szóba állnék.
He checked social media for his usual ration of gossip and memes.
Megnézte a közösségi médiát a szokásos adag pletykáért és mémért.
The report gave us a healthy ration of bad news about the economy.
She felt that a small ration of praise would have helped morale.
These days, most of us get a heavy ration of screen time.
Przykłady dla uczących się
I read the news for my daily ration of information.
A napi információadagomért olvasom a híreket.
She needs her morning ration of coffee to wake up.
Szüksége van a reggeli kávéadagjára, hogy felébredjen.
He gets his ration of stress at work every day.
I had a big ration of homework last night.
We all get a ration of emails each morning.
Częsty błąd:
Learners may think *ration* is only for food. In modern, informal English, it is also used for non-food things in a slightly humorous or critical way (e.g., *a daily ration of bad news*).
Znaczenie
regular amount of something non-food
Kolokacje
daily ration of news
|a ration of sympathy
|my morning caffeine ration
|a ration of criticism
|minimum ration of sleep
Synonimy
dose (Suggests a measured amount, often of medicine; *ration* has a more humorous or critical tone for everyday experiences.)
Antonimy
overload (An excessive amount of something, opposite in feel to a measured or limited ration.)
Tematy
daily life
|media
|daily_life
|communication
|core_vocabulary
Definicja
Your usual amount of something (not food), like news, fun, or stress, that you get each day or often.
An amount of something non-food, such as news, entertainment, or attention, that someone usually receives or experiences, often said humorously or critically.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
ration
IPA
GB/ɹˈæʃən/
US/ɹˈæʃən/
Sylaby i akcent
ra - tion (2 sylaby)
Stress on 1st syllable (ra)
Formy wyrazu
Noun
- Base: ration
- Plural: rations
Verb
- Base: ration
- 3rd Person Singular: rations
- Present Participle: rationing
- Past: rationed
Rodzina wyrazów
Forms
rations
noun
rationing
verb
rationed
verb
Wyrażenia
daily ration
1/dˈeɪli ɹˈæʃən/
fixed phrase
amount used or allowed per day
The amount of food, drink, or other things that a person or animal has or may have each day.
Przykłady
- Her daily ration of calories was carefully controlled during the diet.
- Each prisoner received a small daily ration of bread and soup.
- The zookeeper divided the lions’ daily ration between the two enclosures.
emergency rations
1/ɪmˈɚd͡ʒənsi ɹˈæʃənz/
fixed phrase
food saved for emergencies
Food that you store and keep to use only in a serious problem, like a disaster or when you are lost.
Przykłady
- We kept a box of emergency rations in the car in case we got stuck in the snow.
- After two days with no help, they opened their emergency rations.
- The hikers agreed not to touch the emergency rations unless they were truly in trouble.
food ration
1/fˈud ɹˈæʃən/
fixed phrase
fixed amount of food
The fixed amount of food that one person or group is allowed to have, especially when there is not enough food.
Przykłady
- Each refugee received a basic food ration from the aid organization.
- The camp increased the food ration after more supplies arrived.
- Soldiers carried a three-day food ration in their packs.
iron rations
1/ˈaɪɚn ɹˈæʃənz/
fixed phrase
literary
hard emergency food reserve
A small amount of simple, long-lasting food that people, especially soldiers or travelers, keep only for emergencies.
Przykłady
- They still had their iron rations, but hoped they would not have to use them.
- Old adventure stories often mention explorers living on iron rations.
- The guide checked that everyone had iron rations in case they were delayed.
military rations
1/mˈɪlɪtˌɛɹi ɹˈæʃənz/
fixed phrase
technical
pre-packed food for soldiers
Special food packs made for soldiers, with set amounts of food for one meal or one day.
Przykłady
- The recruits complained about the taste of the military rations.
- He showed us the military rations he had eaten while deployed overseas.
- Modern military rations are designed to be light, high in calories, and easy to prepare.
on short rations
1/ˈɔn ʃˈɔɹt ɹˈæʃənz/
fixed phrase
having too little food
Eating less food than you need or are used to, usually because there is not enough.
Przykłady
- By the end of the expedition, they were on short rations and losing weight fast.
- Because of the failed harvest, many families found themselves on short rations.
- We were on short rations until the next delivery arrived.
ration out
1/ɹˈæʃən ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
give people fixed shares
To give something to people in small, fixed amounts, especially when there is not much of it.
Przykłady
- The teacher rationed out the supplies so that every student got a notebook and two pencils.
- We rationed out the cookies so each child received exactly three.
- Volunteers rationed out blankets and food to those waiting in line.
water ration
1/wˈɔtɚ ɹˈæʃən/
fixed phrase
fixed amount of water
The fixed amount of water that one person or group may use or drink, usually during a shortage.
Przykłady
- Each family was given a strict water ration during the drought.
- Hikers planned a daily water ration before crossing the desert.
- The city reduced the water ration again as the reservoir level fell.