abstract
gb/ˈæbstɹækt/ us/ˈæbstɹækt/
B1
Angielski
~ 1500
Znaczenia
0 znaczeń
adjective
B2
property
1
Existing as an idea only
About something you can think about but cannot touch or see.
Schemat użycia:
[something] is abstract
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes confuse 'abstract' with 'summary', which is another meaning of the word.
Synonimy
theoretical (Stresses being based on theory rather than practical application.)
|
conceptual (Focuses on being related to mental concepts or ideas.)
Antonimy
concrete (Refers to something real and tangible, the opposite of abstract.)
Kolokacje
abstract concept
|abstract idea
|abstract thinking
|abstract art
Tematy
art
|philosophy
|education
|core_vocabulary
Przykłady
- Justice is an abstract concept that can be difficult to define.
- Her paintings are highly abstract, with no clear subject.
- Time is an abstract notion, but it affects everything we do.
- The course covers both abstract theory and practical skills.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Love is an abstract idea.
- Numbers are abstract.
- Happiness is an abstract feeling.
- The word 'freedom' is abstract.
Rzeczownik
B2
entity
2
Brief summary of a text
A short piece of writing that says the main ideas of a longer text.
Schemat użycia:
an abstract of [something]
Częsty błąd:
Some learners think 'abstract' here means 'difficult to understand'; in this context it means a short summary.
Synonimy
summary (A general term for a shortened version of something.)
|
synopsis (Often used for summaries of literary or dramatic works.)
Antonimy
full text (Refers to the complete document rather than a condensed version.)
Kolokacje
write an abstract
|submit an abstract
|conference abstract
Tematy
academia
|writing
|research
|education
|communication
Przykłady
- The researcher submitted an abstract for the conference proceedings.
- Please include an abstract at the beginning of your paper.
- The journal requires abstracts to be under 250 words.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- I read the abstract before the full paper.
- She wrote an abstract for her report.
- The teacher asked for an abstract of the article.
Czasownik
C1
action
3
Remove or take away something
To take something away from where it belongs.
Schemat użycia:
to abstract [something] from [somewhere]
Częsty błąd:
Learners may confuse this with the adjective meaning 'not concrete'. As a verb, it refers to removing or taking out.
Synonimy
extract (More common in everyday contexts; 'abstract' is often more formal.)
|
remove (General term for taking something away.)
Antonimy
insert (To put something into something else, opposite of removing.)
Kolokacje
abstract data
|abstract information from
|abstract resources
Tematy
science
|general
|core_vocabulary
Przykłady
- The report abstracts key points from the data.
- Oil was abstracted from deep underground reservoirs.
- The program can abstract relevant information from large datasets.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- The machine abstracts water from the air.
- He abstracted numbers from the table.
- They abstract gold from the rock.
adjective
B1
property
4
Non-representational in art
Describes art made with shapes and colors instead of pictures of real things.
Synonimy
nonrepresentational (Technical art term meaning not depicting recognizable subjects.)
Antonimy
representational (Depicts recognizable subjects or objects.)
Kolokacje
abstract painting
|abstract sculpture
|abstract style
Tematy
art
|arts_entertainment
Przykłady
- She specializes in large abstract paintings.
- The gallery features several abstract sculptures.
- His work moved from realistic landscapes to abstract forms.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- I like abstract art.
- This is an abstract painting.
- He makes abstract pictures.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
abstract
IPA
GB/ˈæbstɹækt/
US/ˈæbstɹækt/
Sylaby i akcent
ab - stract (2 sylaby)
Stress on 1st syllable (ab)
Formy wyrazu
Adjective
- Base: abstract
Noun
- Base: abstract
- Plural: abstracts
Verb
- Base: abstract
- 3rd Person Singular: abstracts
- Present Participle: abstracting
- Past: abstracted
Rodzina wyrazów
Forms
abstracts
noun
abstracting
verb
abstracted
verb
Core family
abstraction
noun C1
abstractly
adverb
Negative and opposite forms
concrete
adjective A2
Advanced or less common
abstractness
noun
Wyrażenia
abstract away
1/æbstɹˈækt əwˈeɪ/
phrasal verb
technical
Hide details to focus on main idea
To remove or ignore details so you can focus on the main idea or structure.
Przykłady
- The software abstracts away the complexity of the hardware.
- Teachers often abstract away difficult details when first introducing a topic.
in the abstract
1/ˈɪn ðə ˈæbstɹækt/
fixed phrase
formal
Considered generally, not specifically
Thinking about something as a general idea, not in a real situation.
Przykłady
- In the abstract, his plan sounds reasonable, but it may not work in practice.
- She prefers to discuss problems in the abstract rather than deal with details.