generalisation
gb/d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/ us/d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
B2
Angielski
Znaczenia
0 znaczeń
Rzeczownik
B2
abstract
1
broad claim about a whole group
A general statement about many things or people, often not true for all of them.
Schemat użycia:
a generalisation (about [someone/something])
Częsty błąd:
Learners may use a generalisation as if it were a proven fact; in English it often suggests the statement may be too broad or unfair.
Synonimy
sweeping statement (Emphasises that it is too broad or unfair.)
|
broad claim (Highlights lack of detail rather than unfairness.)
|
generalization (US spelling.)
Antonimy
specific claim (Limited to a particular case rather than a whole category.)
|
detail (Focuses on precise information instead of a broad summary.)
Kolokacje
a sweeping generalisation
|a broad generalisation
|a crude generalisation
|an unfair generalisation
|a misleading generalisation
|a dangerous generalisation
|a lazy generalisation
|to make generalisations
|to avoid generalisations
|to challenge a generalisation
Tematy
communication
|thinking
|society
Przykłady
- Saying that teenagers are lazy is a common generalisation.
- It’s a dangerous generalisation to assume everyone from one country thinks the same way.
- The report avoids generalisations and gives concrete examples.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- That is a generalisation about students.
- Try not to make generalisations.
Rzeczownik
formal
C1
process
2
forming a general rule from examples
Making a general rule by looking at many examples.
Schemat użycia:
generalisation from [examples/data]
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes confuse the process (generalisation) with a single broad statement (a generalisation).
Synonimy
abstraction (Often suggests focusing on the essential features and ignoring details.)
|
induction (A more technical term for reasoning from particular cases to a general conclusion.)
Antonimy
particularisation (Moving from general ideas to specific cases.)
|
specification (Making something more detailed or exact.)
Kolokacje
generalisation from data
|generalisation from experience
|the ability to generalise
|to draw a generalisation
|to test a generalisation
|to support a generalisation
|to base a generalisation on evidence
|a useful generalisation
|a valid generalisation
|a rough generalisation
Tematy
education
|thinking
|science
Przykłady
- Children learn language through generalisation from the speech they hear.
- The theory depends on generalisation from a small number of observations.
- Good teaching encourages generalisation, not just memorisation.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- We learn by generalisation from examples.
Rzeczownik
technical
C1
property
3
working well in new cases
How well something works on new examples.
Schemat użycia:
generalisation to [new data/populations/situations]
Częsty błąd:
Often confused with 'generalisation' meaning a broad statement about people; in this sense it refers to performance beyond the original data.
Synonimy
transferability (Emphasises working in different settings or tasks.)
|
external validity (Common in research; emphasises whether findings apply beyond the study sample.)
Antonimy
overfitting (Performing well on training data but badly on new data.)
Kolokacje
good generalisation
|poor generalisation
|generalisation performance
|generalisation error
|generalisation ability
|generalisation to new data
|out-of-sample generalisation
|improve generalisation
|test generalisation
|lack of generalisation
Tematy
technology
|science
|statistics
Przykłady
- The model shows strong generalisation on unseen data.
- We added regularisation to improve generalisation performance.
- The study’s main weakness is limited generalisation to other populations.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- This model has good generalisation.
Rzeczownik
formal
C1
process
4
making something less specific
Changing something so it applies to more cases.
Schemat użycia:
generalisation of [something] (to [a wider area/group])
Częsty błąd:
In this sense, it refers to changing scope, not to making a possibly unfair statement about people.
Synonimy
broadening (Emphasises expanding scope.)
|
extension (Often used when expanding a rule or idea to cover more cases.)
Antonimy
specialisation (Making something more narrowly focused or specific.)
|
narrowing (Reducing scope or applicability.)
Kolokacje
generalisation of a rule
|generalisation of a principle
|generalisation of a policy
|generalisation of findings
|the generalisation of a model
|a further generalisation
|a gradual generalisation
|the need for generalisation
|generalisation to a wider context
|generalisation across contexts
Tematy
business
|law
|communication
Przykłady
- The generalisation of the rule created confusion in some departments.
- They argued for the generalisation of the pilot scheme to other regions.
- This is a useful generalisation of earlier work, but it loses some detail.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- The change is a generalisation of the old rule.
Rzeczownik
technical
C2
process
5
spreading a language pattern
In language study: when a rule starts to apply more widely.
Schemat użycia:
generalisation of [a pattern/rule] (to [contexts])
Synonimy
regularisation (Focuses on making irregular patterns more regular (a common result of generalisation).)
Antonimy
restriction (A pattern applying in fewer contexts rather than more.)
Kolokacje
rule generalisation
|pattern generalisation
|generalisation of a sound change
|generalisation of an ending
|generalisation across paradigms
|a process of generalisation
|generalisation of a construction
Tematy
language
|linguistics
|education
Przykłady
- The generalisation of the -ed ending is common in learners’ English.
- The paper traces the generalisation of a sound pattern across dialects.
- Analogy can drive generalisation in verb forms over time.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
generalisation
IPA
GB/d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
US/d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
Sylaby i akcent
gen - er - al - isa - tion (5 sylab)
Stress on 1st syllable (gen)
Formy wyrazu
Noun
- Base: generalisation
- Plural: generalisation, generalisations
Rodzina wyrazów
Forms
generalisations
noun
Core family
Related words
generalist
noun C1
generalisable
adjective
Negative and opposite forms
specific
adjective B1
specifically
adverb B1
Advanced or less common
generality
noun
overgeneralise
verb
overgeneralisation
noun
Wyrażenia
as a generalisation
1/ˈæz ə d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
as a rough overall statement
Used to show you are speaking generally, not exactly.
Przykłady
- As a generalisation, small companies move faster than large ones.
- As a generalisation, winter is wetter on the west coast.
- As a generalisation, the training helped, but some teams still struggled.
broad generalisation
1/bɹˈɔd d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
general statement lacking detail
A general idea, not the details.
Przykłady
- As a broad generalisation, prices have risen over the last decade.
- The introduction offers a broad generalisation before the detailed analysis.
- That may be true in broad generalisation, but there are many exceptions.
hasty generalisation
1/hˈeɪsti d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
conclusion from too little evidence
A wrong general idea from only a few examples.
Przykłady
- One bad review isn’t enough to avoid the restaurant; that’s a hasty generalisation.
- The argument relies on hasty generalisation from two cases.
- Researchers warned against hasty generalisations based on early results.
make a generalisation
1/mˈeɪk ə d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
state something in general terms
To say something general about many things or people.
Przykłady
- I don’t want to make a generalisation about all managers, but some are difficult.
- It’s risky to make generalisations from one experience.
- The speaker made a generalisation that didn’t fit the facts.
sweeping generalisation
1/swˈipɪŋ d͡ʒˈɛnɚəlɪsˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
very broad, often unfair claim
A statement that is too general and often not true.
Przykłady
- It’s a sweeping generalisation to say the whole city is unsafe.
- The article makes sweeping generalisations about single parents.
- Avoid sweeping generalisations when you write academically.