restrain
gb/ɹistɹˈeɪn/ us/ɹistɹˈeɪn/
B2
Angielski
~ 5900
Znaczenia
0 znaczeń
Czasownik
B2
action
1
hold back a person or animal
To hold or keep a person or animal so they cannot move freely or do what they want.
Schemat użycia:
to restrain [someone/something] (from) [doing something]
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes say *"He restrained to hit him"*. The correct pattern is *"He restrained him"* or *"He restrained him from hitting her."* Also, do not confuse **restrain** with **restrict**: **restrain** is about holding back people or actions, while **restrict** is about setting limits or rules.
Synonimy
hold back (More informal and physical; often used when someone is being pulled or pushed away.)
|
subdue (Stronger; suggests bringing someone under control after resistance or struggle.)
Antonimy
release (Means to let someone go free after being held or controlled.)
|
let go (Informal; means to stop holding or controlling someone so they can move freely.)
Kolokacje
restrain a suspect
|restrain a prisoner
|restrain a patient
|restrain a child
|physically restrain someone
|restrain someone from attacking
Tematy
law
|safety
|crime
|daily life
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
Przykłady
- Security guards had to restrain the fan when he ran onto the field.
- Police officers restrained the suspect until the handcuffs were on.
- Nurses gently restrained the patient to stop him pulling out the tubes.
- It took three people to restrain the dog during the examination.
- He grabbed his friend's arm to restrain him from hitting the man.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Two men restrained the thief until the police came.
- The teacher restrained the boy so he would not hit anyone.
- They had to restrain the dog when the doorbell rang.
- A guard restrained him from running onto the road.
Czasownik
B2
action
2
control emotions or impulses
To stop yourself or another person from doing something you want to do or from showing strong feelings.
Schemat użycia:
to restrain [oneself/someone] from [doing something]
Częsty błąd:
Learners sometimes confuse **restrain** with **refrain**. **Restrain yourself from doing something** means you actively hold yourself back. **Refrain from doing something** is more formal and sounds like a polite rule or request. Also, avoid *"restrain to do"*; use *"restrain yourself from doing"*.
Synonimy
control (Very general; can refer to emotions, actions, or situations, not just holding back impulses.)
|
suppress (More formal; often used for emotions or thoughts that are pushed down or hidden.)
Antonimy
indulge (Means to allow yourself to do what you want or to give in to a desire or feeling.)
|
give in (Informal; means to stop resisting an emotion or desire and let it control your actions.)
Kolokacje
restrain yourself
|restrain my anger
|restrain her laughter
|restrain his curiosity
|could not restrain himself
|restrain your feelings
Tematy
emotions
|psychology
|behaviour
|core_vocabulary
Przykłady
- She struggled to restrain her anger during the meeting.
- He could not restrain himself from correcting her in front of everyone.
- I had to restrain myself from laughing when he fell off the chair.
- They urged him to restrain his desire for revenge.
- He spoke slowly, clearly restraining his frustration.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- Please restrain yourself and stay calm.
- She tried to restrain her tears in public.
- I could not restrain myself from eating the cake.
- He restrained his anger and did not shout.
Czasownik
C1
action
3
limit or control something
To make sure that something, like spending or prices, does not grow too fast or become too strong.
Schemat użycia:
to restrain [something]
Częsty błąd:
Learners often choose **restrict** instead of **restrain** in economic or policy contexts. **Restrict** usually means setting clear rules or limits. **Restrain** focuses more on controlling or holding back growth or movement. For example, say *"restrain inflation"* but *"restrict imports"* is more common.
Synonimy
curb (Very close in meaning; commonly used for limiting negative trends like inflation, spending, or crime.)
|
limit (Broader and more neutral; does not always suggest that something is already too high.)
Antonimy
stimulate (Often used in economics to mean increasing or encouraging growth, the opposite of holding it back.)
|
boost (Means to raise or increase something, such as sales or growth.)
Kolokacje
restrain spending
|restrain inflation
|restrain growth
|restrain costs
|restrain demand
|restrain military power
Tematy
business
|economics
|politics
|finance
|core_vocabulary
Przykłady
- The government introduced new taxes to restrain consumer spending.
- Interest rates were raised to help restrain inflation.
- Strict rules were brought in to restrain the growth of online gambling.
- Managers are trying to restrain costs without cutting jobs.
- Environmental regulations aim to restrain industrial pollution.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- The company is trying to restrain its costs.
- Higher prices may restrain demand for cars.
- New laws helped restrain inflation.
- We must restrain our spending this year.
Czasownik
formal
C1
action
4
legally prevent an action
To stop someone from doing something by using the law or official power.
Schemat użycia:
to restrain [someone] from [doing something]
Częsty błąd:
Learners may not realize this sense is formal and mainly legal. In everyday speech, it is more natural to say *"the court stopped him from"* or *"the court banned him from"* rather than *"restrained him from"*.
Synonimy
prohibit (More general legal term; often used in laws and rules that completely forbid an action.)
|
enjoin (Technical legal verb; in many legal systems, courts can enjoin a person from doing something.)
Antonimy
authorize (Means to officially allow or give permission for an action.)
|
permit (More general and less formal; means to allow something to happen.)
Kolokacje
restrain someone from doing something
|restrain a company from
|restrain the government from
|court restrains
|order restraining someone from
|judgment restraining further action
Tematy
law
|politics
|core_vocabulary
Przykłady
- The court restrained the company from using the trademark.
- An injunction was granted to restrain him from contacting his former partner.
- The judge refused to restrain the newspaper from publishing the story.
- The order restrains the government from deporting the asylum seekers.
- Shareholders sought to restrain the board from selling key assets.
Przykłady dla uczących się
- The court restrained him from visiting his children.
- A judge can restrain a company from breaking the law.
- The order restrained the landlord from entering the flat.
- They asked the court to restrain the city from closing the school.
Gramatyka
Forma słownikowa
restrain
IPA
GB/ɹistɹˈeɪn/
US/ɹistɹˈeɪn/
Sylaby i akcent
re - strain (2 sylaby)
Stress on 2nd syllable (strain)
Formy wyrazu
Verb
- Base: restrain
- 3rd Person Singular: restrains
- Present Participle: restraining
- Past: restrained
Rodzina wyrazów
Forms
restrains
verb
restraining
verb
restrained
verb
Core family
restraint
noun B2
Negative and opposite forms
unrestrained
adjective
Wyrażenia
cannot restrain oneself
1/kænˈɑt ɹistɹˈeɪn wˌʌnsˈɛlf/
fixed phrase
be unable to control oneself
Used when someone tries, but fails, to stop themselves from doing or saying something.
Przykłady
- She cannot restrain herself from correcting other people’s grammar.
- He tried to stay calm but could not restrain himself and started shouting.
restrain yourself
1/ɹistɹˈeɪn jʊɹsˈɛlf/
fixed phrase
tell someone to control themselves
Used to tell someone, or yourself, not to do something you strongly want to do, usually because it is not sensible or polite.
Przykłady
- I know you want to shout, but please restrain yourself.
- He had to restrain himself from checking his phone during the interview.
restraining order
1/ɹistɹˈeɪnɪŋ ˈɔɹdɚ/
fixed phrase
formal
legal order to keep someone away
A legal paper from a court that says a person must not contact or go near another person or place.
Przykłady
- She got a restraining order against her ex-husband.
- The judge issued a restraining order to protect the witnesses.