absorption
gb/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/ us/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/
B2
Engleză
~ 9700
elnyelés, felszívódás, elmélyülés, belefeledkezés, asszimiláció, beolvadás, általános költségek felosztása
SUBSTANTIV
B2
TECHNICAL
1
elnyelés
B2
felszívódás
B2
Tipar de utilizare:
the absorption of [substance/energy] by [material]
The sponge showed rapid absorption of water during the test.
A vizsgálat során a szivacs gyorsan felszívta a vizet.
Sunscreen reduces the skin’s absorption of harmful ultraviolet radiation.
A fényvédő csökkenti a káros ultraibolya sugárzás bőr általi elnyelését.
Iron absorption in the body can be affected by the foods you eat.
Double glazing improves the absorption of sound from outside traffic.
The dark surface increases the absorption of heat from the sun.
Exemple pentru cursanți
The towel’s absorption of water is very strong.
A törölköző nagyon jól szívja fel a vizet.
Plants depend on the absorption of light for photosynthesis.
A növények a fotoszintézishez a fény elnyelésére támaszkodnak.
Calcium absorption is important for healthy bones.
This material has low absorption of sound.
The doctor explained that alcohol absorption is faster on an empty stomach.
Greșeală frecventă:
Learners sometimes confuse "absorption" with the incorrect form *"absorbation". Use the noun "absorption" for the process, and the verb "absorb" for the action (e.g., "the absorption of water" vs. "the cloth absorbs water"). Another common confusion is between "absorption" and the technical term "adsorption"; in everyday English, "absorption" is almost always the correct choice.
Sens
process of taking in substances or energy
Colocații
water absorption
|nutrient absorption
|absorption of light
|absorption of heat
|high absorption rate
|absorption capacity
Sinonime
uptake (Often used in scientific or medical contexts, especially for how the body takes in nutrients or drugs.)
|
soaking up (More informal and usually used for liquids being taken in by a solid, like a sponge or cloth.)
Antonime
emission (Refers to something (like light, heat, or gas) being sent out rather than taken in.)
|
release (General word for letting a substance or energy go out instead of drawing it in.)
Teme
science
|health
|environment
|nature
Definiție
The process when something like water, gas, light, or sound goes into another thing and is held inside it.
The process by which a material, substance, or medium takes in and retains another substance (such as a liquid or gas) or energy (such as light, sound, or heat).
SUBSTANTIV
C1
2
elmélyülés
B2
Tipar de utilizare:
absorption in [activity/thought/work]
Her absorption in the novel was so intense that she missed her stop.
Annyira belefeledkezett a regénybe, hogy elutazta a megállóját.
His total absorption in work has started to affect his family life.
A munkába való teljes belefeledkezése már kezd kihatni a családi életére.
The teacher admired the children’s absorption in the science experiment.
Meditation can bring a calm absorption in the present moment.
He listened with such absorption that the room went silent around him.
Exemple pentru cursanți
Her absorption in the game was very clear.
Jól látszott, mennyire belefeledkezett a játékba.
Because of his absorption in his job, he forgot to eat lunch.
Annyira elmerült a munkájában, hogy elfelejtett ebédelni.
The child’s absorption in the movie surprised his parents.
I like the quiet absorption in the library.
Their absorption in the project lasted all weekend.
Greșeală frecventă:
Learners sometimes confuse this meaning with the physical process of taking in liquids or light. When "absorption" is followed by "in" plus an activity (e.g., "absorption in her work"), it usually refers to mental focus, not a physical process.
Sens
state of being deeply engrossed
Colocații
complete absorption
|total absorption
|absorption in work
|absorption in thought
|absorption in a book
Sinonime
engrossment (Very close in meaning, but slightly more formal and less common in everyday speech.)
|
immersion (Often suggests very deep involvement, sometimes with learning or experience, not just momentary focus.)
Antonime
distraction (Refers to attention being pulled away from something, the opposite of full focus.)
|
detachment (Suggests emotional or mental distance, rather than being deeply involved.)
Teme
emotions
|mental processes
|core_vocabulary
Definiție
A state in which you are so interested in or busy with something that you do not notice other things around you.
Complete involvement or deep interest in an activity, thought, or situation, often to the point of not noticing what is happening around you.
C1
FORMAL
3
asszimiláció
C1
beolvadás
B2
Tipar de utilizare:
absorption of [group/organization/area] into [larger body]
The absorption of smaller companies into large multinationals has transformed the industry.
A kisebb vállalatok nagy multinacionális cégekbe való beolvadása átalakította az iparágat.
The policy aims at the gradual absorption of refugees into the local labor market.
A politika célja a menekültek fokozatos beillesztése a helyi munkaerőpiacra.
Historians still debate the absorption of the region into the Roman Empire.
Rapid urban growth led to the absorption of nearby villages into the city.
The union resisted the proposed absorption of its members into a new organization.
Exemple pentru cursanți
The absorption of the small town into the city changed local life.
A kisvárosnak a nagyvárosba való beolvadása megváltoztatta a helyi életet.
Many people worry about the absorption of local culture into global culture.
Sokan aggódnak a helyi kultúra globális kultúrába való beolvadása miatt.
The absorption of the startup into a big company brought more rules.
The plan includes the absorption of new workers into the main team.
The absorption of new members into the club took several months.
Greșeală frecventă:
Learners may mix this sense with the physical meaning. In this sense, "absorption" usually refers to groups, companies, or cultures, not liquids or light. Look for objects like "company", "village", or "refugees" to identify this meaning.
Sens
incorporation into a larger whole
Colocații
absorption into
|absorption of smaller firms
|absorption of refugees
|absorption of new members
|cultural absorption
Sinonime
assimilation (Often used for cultural or social contexts, with more focus on people adopting new habits or values.)
|
incorporation (A legal or formal term for making something part of a larger body, especially in business and law.)
Antonime
separation (General opposite process where things that were together are split apart.)
|
independence (Focuses on remaining separate and self-governing instead of being taken into a larger body.)
Teme
politics
|business
|society
|relationships
Definiție
The process when a smaller group, company, or area becomes part of a bigger one and is no longer separate.
The process by which a smaller group, organization, population, or area is taken into and made part of a larger one, often losing some or all of its separate identity.
SUBSTANTIV
C2
TECHNICAL
4
Tipar de utilizare:
absorption of [costs/overheads] into [product cost/prices]
Under absorption costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is included in the cost of each unit produced.
Abszorpciós költségszámításnál a fix gyártási általános költség minden legyártott egység költségébe belekerül.
The company reviewed its absorption of overheads to improve pricing accuracy.
A vállalat felülvizsgálta az általános költségek felosztását, hogy pontosabban tudja meghatározni az árait.
Poor cost absorption led to serious underpricing of several product lines.
Changes in production volume can affect the absorption of fixed costs.
Auditors questioned the firm’s method of absorption of administrative expenses.
Exemple pentru cursanți
In this course we study absorption of overheads in product cost.
Ezen a kurzuson az általános költségek termékköltségbe való felosztását tanuljuk.
Absorption costing includes all factory costs in the unit cost.
Az abszorpciós költségszámítás minden gyári költséget beépít az egységköltségbe.
The manager checked the absorption of fixed costs into each product.
Bad cost absorption can make a product look cheaper than it really is.
The accountant explained how absorption of overhead works.
Greșeală frecventă:
Learners may think "absorption" here still refers to a physical process. In business texts, when it appears next to words like "costing", "overhead", or "fixed costs", it refers to an accounting method, not liquids or light.
Sens
including indirect costs in product cost
Colocații
absorption costing
|cost absorption
|overhead absorption
|full absorption
|absorption of fixed costs
Sinonime
allocation (A broader accounting term; "absorption" is a specific way of allocating indirect costs into product costs.)
Antonime
direct costing (An accounting method that does not absorb all fixed overheads into product cost, contrasting with absorption-based methods.)
Teme
business
|finance
Definiție
In accounting, the way a company puts part of its general costs (like rent and utilities) into the cost of each product or service.
In accounting, the process by which indirect costs, such as overheads, are assigned to and included in the cost of products or services.
Gramatică
Forma de dicționar
absorption
IPA
GB/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/
US/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/
Silabe și accent
ab - sorp - tion (3 silabe)
Stress on 2nd syllable (sorp)
Forme ale cuvântului
Noun
- Base: absorption
- Plural: absorption, absorptions
Familie de cuvinte
Forms
absorptions
noun
Core family
absorb
verb A2
absorbent
adjective
Related words
absorbing
adjective
absorber
noun
absorbency
noun
Negative and opposite forms
nonabsorbent
adjective
Advanced or less common
absorptive
adjective
absorbable
adjective
Expresii
absorption band
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən bˈænd/
fixed phrase
technical
range of wavelengths with strong absorption
A small range of light (or other radiation) where a substance takes in a lot of energy.
Exemple
- Water vapor has a strong absorption band in the infrared region.
- The sensor is designed to measure light in the absorption band of ozone.
- Each absorption band provides information about the molecule’s structure.
absorption capacity
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən kəpˈæsɪti/
fixed phrase
technical
maximum amount that can be absorbed
The largest amount or rate that something can take in, such as water, money, or people.
Exemple
- The soil’s absorption capacity is too low to handle heavy rainfall.
- The city has reached its absorption capacity for new residents this year.
- Government agencies assessed the country’s absorption capacity for foreign investment.
absorption coefficient
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən kˌoʊəfˈɪʃənt/
fixed phrase
technical
measure of how strongly something absorbs
A number that shows how strongly a material takes in light, sound, or other energy when it passes through it.
Exemple
- Engineers used the absorption coefficient of the wall panels to design the concert hall’s acoustics.
- The absorption coefficient of the dye increases at shorter wavelengths.
- Accurate values of the absorption coefficient are essential for the model.
absorption costing
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən kˈɔstɪŋ/
fixed phrase
technical
accounting method including all costs
An accounting method where a company puts all its production costs, including fixed overhead, into the cost of its products.
Exemple
- Under absorption costing, fixed factory overhead is spread across all units produced.
- The report compares absorption costing with variable costing to show profit differences.
- Many companies use absorption costing to meet external reporting standards.
absorption rate
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
speed at which something is absorbed
How fast or how much in a certain time something (like a drug, liquid, or information) is taken in by something else.
Exemple
- The doctor adjusted the dose because the patient’s absorption rate of the drug was unusually low.
- High humidity can slow the absorption rate of water into dry soil.
- Investors are watching the market’s absorption rate of new housing units.
absorption spectrum
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən spˈɛktɹəm/
fixed phrase
technical
pattern of light wavelengths absorbed
The set of light colors (wavelengths) that a substance takes in, shown as a pattern for scientific study.
Exemple
- Each element has a unique absorption spectrum that helps scientists identify it in stars.
- The absorption spectrum of the pigment peaks in the blue region.
- Students compared the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll with the emission spectrum of a lamp.