D03
extended
Relations
Relations between participants
Recipient Link
To whom does it go or for whom is it intended?
intermediate
Dative
Indirect object
Benefactive
Kahulugan
The grammatical link that connects an event or object to a recipient, addressee, or beneficiary.
Paano ito matukoy
Look for the person who receives, hears, gets, or benefits.
Mga halimbawa
Mga salita
to me|for you|her|the customer
Mga parirala
give it to me|tell Anna|cook for us
Pangungusap
I sent her a message.
Visual guide
Basic shape
EVENT + THING → RECIPIENT send + message → her "I sent her a message." Recipient gets/hears/benefits Ask: to whom? for whom?
Compare shape
Recipient shapes: Preposition: give it to me Bare object: tell Anna Dative case: Anna-DAT tell Benefactive: cook for us Same link: target person
Pagsusuri ayon sa wika
Sa iyong katutubong wika
Ingles
Paglitaw
strong
Kahalagahan
English uses to/for or double-object constructions to express recipients and beneficiaries.
She sent a message to me.
to me = recipient link
Sa wikang pinag-aaralan mo
Espanyol
Paglitaw
strong
Antas ng hirap
Recipient relations strongly use indirect object clitics and a/para phrases.
Le escribí a mi madre.
I wrote to my mother.
Karaniwang hamon ng mag-aaral
Learners often omit le/les or are unsure when to use a vs para.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.