aberration
gb/ˌæbɚˈeɪʃən/ us/ˌæbɚˈeɪʃən/
C1
Англійська
anomália, rendellenesség, optikai aberráció, kiugró érték
ІМЕННИК
C1
FORMAL
1
anomália
C1
Модель уживання:
an aberration (from sth); an aberration in sth
The sudden drop in sales was an aberration caused by a one-time shipping delay.
Az eladások hirtelen visszaesése egy egyszeri szállítási késedelem okozta anomália volt.
Most reviewers loved the film, so the harsh critique seemed like an aberration.
A legtöbb kritikusnak tetszett a film, ezért a kemény hangú kritika anomáliának tűnt.
The team treated the incident as an aberration, not a sign of deeper problems.
Навчальні приклади
His rude comment was an aberration; he is usually polite.
A goromba megjegyzése csak egy kilengés volt; általában udvarias.
We think this bad result is just an aberration.
Úgy gondoljuk, hogy ez a rossz eredmény csak egy anomália.
Поширена помилка:
Often confused with "abbreviation" because of similar spelling; "aberration" means a deviation, not a shortened form of a word.
Значення
unusual deviation from normal
Словосполучення
a rare aberration
|a temporary aberration
|an aberration from the norm
|a moral aberration
|a genetic aberration
|dismiss it as an aberration
Синоніми
anomaly (general word for something unusual or unexpected)
|
deviation (emphasizes moving away from a standard or rule)
|
irregularity (suggests a lack of regular pattern or procedure)
|
exception (highlights that it does not follow the usual rule)
Антоніми
norm (what is usual or standard)
|
regularity (consistent, expected pattern)
Теми
daily_life
Визначення
something strange or unusual compared with what is normal
Something that differs markedly from what is normal, expected, or typical; an anomaly.
ІМЕННИК
C2
TECHNICAL
2
Модель уживання:
aberration in a lens/optical system; reduce/correct aberration
The engineer adjusted the lens design to reduce aberration at the edges of the frame.
A mérnök módosította a lencse tervét, hogy csökkentse a képszéleken fellépő optikai aberrációt.
Cheap lenses often show noticeable aberration in high-contrast scenes.
Az olcsó objektívek nagy kontrasztú jelenetekben gyakran jól látható optikai aberrációt mutatnak.
Навчальні приклади
This camera lens has less aberration, so photos look sharper.
Ennek a fényképezőgép-objektívnek kisebb az optikai aberrációja, ezért a fotók élesebbek.
Значення
optical defect causing distortion
Словосполучення
lens aberration
|optical aberration
|minimize aberration
|correct aberration
|image aberration
Синоніми
distortion (broader term for a warped or inaccurate image)
|
blur (focuses on loss of sharpness rather than the optical cause)
Антоніми
correction (removal of optical error through design or processing)
|
sharpness (clear focus without noticeable optical error)
Теми
technical
Визначення
a problem in a lens that makes an image unclear
A defect in an optical system (such as a lens or mirror) that causes an image to be blurred, distorted, or wrongly focused.
ІМЕННИК
C2
TECHNICAL
3
kiugró érték
B2
Модель уживання:
an aberration in the data/results
Analysts flagged the spike as an aberration and checked for reporting errors.
Az elemzők a kiugrást kiugró értéknek tekintették, és ellenőrizték, hogy nincs-e jelentési hiba.
One aberration in the dataset can strongly affect the average.
Egyetlen kiugró érték az adathalmazban erősen befolyásolhatja az átlagot.
Навчальні приклади
The high value was an aberration, so we reviewed the measurement.
A magas érték kiugró érték volt, ezért felülvizsgáltuk a mérést.
Поширена помилка:
In data contexts, "aberration" often implies the point may not represent the true pattern; avoid using it for every small difference.
Значення
outlier in a dataset
Словосполучення
a data aberration
|an aberration in the results
|treat it as an aberration
|filter out aberrations
Синоніми
outlier (standard statistical term for an unusually distant data point)
|
anomaly (general term; less technical than "outlier")
Антоніми
trend (the general direction shown by most of the data)
|
pattern (consistent behavior across observations)
Теми
business
Визначення
a result that is very different from the others
A data point or result that differs greatly from the rest and may be due to error or an unusual factor.
Граматика
Словникова форма
aberration
IPA
GB/ˌæbɚˈeɪʃən/
US/ˌæbɚˈeɪʃən/
Склади й наголос
ab - er - ra - tion (4 склади)
Stress on 2nd syllable (er)
Форми слова
Noun
- Base: aberration
- Plural: aberration, aberrations
Споріднені слова
Forms
aberrations
noun
Core family
aberrant
adjective
Related words
abnormality
noun C1
deviation
noun B2
Advanced or less common
aberrantly
adverb
Вирази
aberration from the norm
1/ˌæbɚˈeɪʃən fɹˈʌm ðə nˈɔɹm/
fixed phrase
formal
unusual exception to the usual
something that does not match what usually happens
Приклади
- Management insisted the outage was an aberration from the norm and would not happen again.
- Her low score was an aberration from the norm; she typically performs well.
Навчальні приклади
- This delay is an aberration from the norm for this airline.
chromatic aberration
1/kɹəmətɪk ˌæbɚˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
color fringing from lens error
a lens problem that makes unwanted color edges in a photo
Приклади
- The photo shows chromatic aberration as purple fringes around the window frame.
- The new lens coating helps reduce chromatic aberration in bright scenes.
Навчальні приклади
- I removed chromatic aberration in editing to fix the colored edges.
spherical aberration
1/sfˈɛɹɪkəl ˌæbɚˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
blur from spherical lens shape
a lens problem that makes the image less sharp
Приклади
- The telescope mirror was redesigned to correct spherical aberration.
- Spherical aberration can make the center of the image look soft even when it is in focus.