civil
gb/sˈɪvəl/ us/sˈɪvəl/
B1
Англійська
~ 1200
udvarias, udvariasság, polgári, civil, állampolgári, polgári jogi, polgárháborús, belső
B1
1
udvarias
A2
udvariasság
B1
Модель уживання:
[someone] is civil to [someone]
Even during the heated debate, both sides remained civil.
Még a heves vita közben is mindkét fél udvarias maradt.
Please try to be civil when addressing the committee.
Kérem, próbáljon udvarias lenni, amikor a bizottsághoz szól.
They had a civil exchange despite their differences.
She managed to stay civil, even though she was upset.
Навчальні приклади
He was civil to his neighbor.
Udvarias volt a szomszédjával.
They spoke in a civil way.
Udvariasan beszéltek.
She is always civil to her teachers.
We had a civil talk about the problem.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes confuse 'civil' with 'civic'. 'Civil' means polite or relating to citizens, while 'civic' relates to duties or activities of a city or community.
Значення
Polite and respectful
Словосполучення
civil conversation
|civil tone
|remain civil
|civil exchange
Синоніми
courteous (Slightly more formal; emphasizes manners and etiquette.)
Антоніми
rude (Shows a lack of politeness or respect.)
Теми
social
|communication
|behavior
|relationships
Визначення
Acting in a polite and kind way to other people.
Behaving in a polite, respectful, and considerate way toward others.
B2
2
Модель уживання:
civil [noun]
The new law aims to protect civil rights.
Az új törvény célja az állampolgári jogok védelme.
Civil society plays an important role in democracy.
A civil társadalom fontos szerepet játszik a demokráciában.
He studied civil law at university.
Civil unrest broke out after the election results.
Навчальні приклади
Civil rights are important for everyone.
Az állampolgári jogok mindenki számára fontosak.
Civil law is different from criminal law.
A polgári jog különbözik a büntetőjogtól.
There were protests during the civil unrest.
Civil society helps improve the country.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes use 'civil' when they mean 'civic' for duties like voting; 'civil' here is broader and includes legal and societal matters.
Значення
Relating to citizens
Словосполучення
civil rights
|civil society
|civil law
|civil unrest
Синоніми
civic (Often used for duties or responsibilities of citizens; overlaps in some contexts.)
Антоніми
military (Relating to armed forces rather than ordinary citizens.)
Теми
law
|government
|society
|politics
Визначення
About the people of a country and their lives, not the army or religion.
Concerning the people of a country and their rights, organization, and affairs, as distinct from the military or religious matters.
B2
TECHNICAL
3
polgári jogi
C1
polgári
B2
Модель уживання:
civil [case/matter/dispute]
The company faced a civil lawsuit over breach of contract.
Szerződésszegés miatt polgári pert indítottak a cég ellen.
She filed a civil case against her landlord.
Polgári pert indított a bérbeadója ellen.
Civil liability can result in payment of damages.
The dispute will be settled in civil court.
Навчальні приклади
They had a civil case about money.
Pénz miatt volt egy polgári perük.
He went to civil court for the problem.
Polgári ügyben fordult bírósághoz a probléma miatt.
A civil lawsuit is not about crime.
She has civil liability for the damage.
Поширена помилка:
Learners may confuse 'civil law' (private law) with 'common law' or with criminal law; 'civil' here is about non-criminal disputes.
Значення
Relating to private law cases
Словосполучення
civil case
|civil court
|civil liability
|civil dispute
Синоніми
non-criminal (Plain description focusing on absence of criminal nature.)
Антоніми
criminal (Relating to crimes and their prosecution.)
Теми
law
|business
Визначення
About legal cases between people or companies, not about crimes.
Relating to legal cases involving the rights and duties of individuals or organizations, rather than criminal offenses.
B1
4
belső
A2
Модель уживання:
civil [war/conflict/strife]
The nation was torn apart by civil war.
A nemzetet polgárháború szakította szét.
Civil conflict lasted for over a decade.
A belső konfliktus több mint egy évtizedig tartott.
The peace treaty ended years of civil strife.
Навчальні приклади
The country had a civil war.
Az országban polgárháború volt.
Civil conflict is very bad for people.
A belső konfliktus nagyon rossz hatással van az emberekre.
They want to stop the civil strife.
Значення
Within one country
Словосполучення
civil war
|civil conflict
|civil strife
Синоніми
internal (General term for something happening within an entity or country.)
Антоніми
international (Involving more than one country.)
Теми
history
|politics
|law
Визначення
Happening between groups in the same country.
Happening among the people of a single country, especially referring to war or conflict between different groups inside it.
Граматика
Словникова форма
civil
IPA
GB/sˈɪvəl/
US/sˈɪvəl/
Склади й наголос
civil (1 склад)
Stress on 1st syllable (civil)
Форми слова
Adjective
- Base: civil
- Comparative: civiller
- Superlative: civillest
Споріднені слова
Forms
civiller
adjective
civillest
adjective
Core family
Negative and opposite forms
uncivil
adjective
uncivilized
adjective
Advanced or less common
civilly
adverb
incivility
noun
Граматичні особливості
- Irregular comparative: civiller Adjective
- Irregular superlative: civillest Adjective
Вирази
civil liberties
1/sˈɪvəl lˈɪbɚtiz/
fixed phrase
Basic freedoms protected by law
The basic freedoms that people have, which are protected by law.
Приклади
- Freedom of speech is one of our civil liberties.
- Civil liberties must be protected even in times of crisis.
civil rights
1/sˈɪvəl ɹˈaɪts/
fixed phrase
Rights ensuring freedom and equality
The basic rights that all citizens should have, like freedom and equal treatment.
Приклади
- The movement fought for civil rights in the 1960s.
- Civil rights are protected by law.
civil society
1/sˈɪvəl səsˈaɪəti/
fixed phrase
formal
Non-government citizen groups and institutions
Groups and organizations run by people, not the government, that help with public life.
Приклади
- Civil society plays a key role in promoting democracy.
- Strong civil society can hold leaders accountable.
civil war
1/sˈɪvəl wˈɔɹ/
fixed phrase
War inside one country
A war between different groups in the same country.
Приклади
- The Civil War in the United States lasted four years.
- A brutal civil war destroyed much of the nation.