incarceration
gb/ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən/ us/ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən/
C1
Англійська
fogvatartás, bebörtönzés, kizáródás
ІМЕННИК
C1
FORMAL
1
fogvatartás
C1
Модель уживання:
[someone]'s incarceration; incarceration in [place]; during/after incarceration
Her incarceration lasted nearly ten years.
A fogvatartása csaknem tíz évig tartott.
The report examined the effects of incarceration on families and communities.
A jelentés a fogvatartás családokra és közösségekre gyakorolt hatásait vizsgálta.
He struggled to find stable work after his incarceration.
Навчальні приклади
His incarceration began in 2018.
A fogvatartása 2018-ban kezdődött.
Many people need support after incarceration.
Sokan támogatásra szorulnak a fogvatartás után.
Поширена помилка:
Do not use incarceration for the building itself; use prison or jail. It is often uncountable, but it can be countable when referring to one specific period or case.
Значення
being held in prison
Словосполучення
lengthy incarceration
|period of incarceration
|during incarceration
|after incarceration
|risk of incarceration
|experience of incarceration
|history of incarceration
|pretrial incarceration
|juvenile incarceration
|parental incarceration
Синоніми
imprisonment (the closest general synonym, slightly more common in everyday English)
|
confinement (more general; can mean being kept in any restricted place, not only prison)
|
detention (often used for being held temporarily or before trial)
Антоніми
release (the act or state of being allowed to leave custody)
|
freedom (the general condition of not being confined)
|
liberty (a more formal word for freedom, especially in legal or political contexts)
Теми
law
|crime
|justice
|prisons
|society
Визначення
the situation or time of being kept in prison or jail
The state or period of being kept in a prison, jail, or similar institution, especially as a legal punishment or while awaiting trial.
ІМЕННИК
C1
FORMAL
2
bebörtönzés
C1
Модель уживання:
incarceration of [someone/group]; incarceration for [offense]; use of incarceration
The new law could lead to greater incarceration of people convicted of minor offenses.
Az új törvény a kisebb bűncselekményekért elítéltek nagyobb arányú bebörtönzéséhez vezethet.
Advocates argue that treatment is often more effective than incarceration for nonviolent drug offenses.
A jogvédők szerint az erőszakmentes kábítószerrel kapcsolatos bűncselekményeknél a kezelés gyakran hatékonyabb, mint a bebörtönzés.
The city is trying to reduce incarceration by expanding community-based programs.
Навчальні приклади
The judge chose treatment instead of incarceration.
A bíró a bebörtönzés helyett a kezelést választotta.
The law increased incarceration for some crimes.
A törvény egyes bűncselekményeknél növelte a bebörtönzések számát.
Поширена помилка:
In policy contexts, incarceration often refers to the system or practice of imprisoning people, not just one person's prison sentence.
Значення
putting people in prison
Словосполучення
use of incarceration
|reduce incarceration
|avoid incarceration
|mandatory incarceration
|incarceration of offenders
|incarceration for minor offenses
|increase in incarceration
|alternatives to incarceration
|cost of incarceration
|policy of incarceration
Синоніми
imprisonment (general synonym; can refer to either the act or the state)
|
jailing (more informal and usually refers specifically to jail)
|
detention (often implies holding someone in custody, sometimes temporarily or before trial)
Антоніми
release (letting someone out of custody rather than putting or keeping them there)
|
diversion (a legal approach that sends people to treatment, supervision, or programs instead of jail or prison)
|
decarceration (a formal policy term for reducing imprisonment or releasing people from custody)
Теми
law
|crime
|justice
|policy
|society
Визначення
the practice of sending people to prison or jail
The act, process, or practice of putting people in prison or jail, especially as part of a criminal justice system.
ІМЕННИК
C2
TECHNICAL
3
kizáródás
C2
Модель уживання:
incarceration of [tissue/organ]; [hernia] incarceration
The surgeon was concerned about incarceration of the hernia.
A sebészt aggasztotta a sérv kizáródása.
A painful, irreducible bulge may indicate incarceration and needs urgent medical assessment.
A fájdalmas, vissza nem helyezhető duzzanat kizáródásra utalhat, és sürgős orvosi vizsgálatot igényel.
Hernia incarceration can become dangerous if the blood supply is cut off.
Навчальні приклади
The doctor checked for hernia incarceration.
Az orvos ellenőrizte, hogy nincs-e sérvkizáródás.
Поширена помилка:
This is a specialized medical use. In everyday English, incarceration almost always means imprisonment.
Значення
trapping of body tissue
Словосполучення
hernia incarceration
|bowel incarceration
|intestinal incarceration
|tissue incarceration
|risk of incarceration
|signs of incarceration
|incarceration of the hernia
Синоніми
entrapment (a broader medical word for tissue or a body part being trapped)
|
impaction (used for something stuck or compressed, but not always interchangeable)
Антоніми
reduction (in hernia treatment, the return of trapped tissue to its normal position)
|
reducibility (the medical property of being able to be pushed back into place)
Теми
medicine
|health
|surgery
Визначення
a medical problem where tissue becomes trapped inside the body
A medical condition in which part of an organ or tissue, especially a hernia, becomes trapped and cannot be moved back into its normal position.
Граматика
Словникова форма
incarceration
IPA
GB/ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən/
US/ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən/
Склади й наголос
in - car - cer - a - tion (5 складів)
Stress on 3rd syllable (cer)
Форми слова
Noun
- Base: incarceration
- Plural: incarceration, incarcerations
Вирази
alternatives to incarceration
1/ɔltˈɚnɪtɪvz tə ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
non-prison punishments
ways to punish or supervise someone without sending them to prison or jail
Приклади
- The court expanded alternatives to incarceration for people convicted of low-level offenses.
- Supporters say alternatives to incarceration can reduce costs and improve rehabilitation.
- The program offers treatment and job training as alternatives to incarceration.
Навчальні приклади
- Probation can be an alternative to incarceration.
- The judge considered alternatives to incarceration.
incarceration rate
1/ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
measure of imprisonment
a number that shows how many people are in prison or jail in a place or group
Приклади
- The country's incarceration rate has fallen over the past decade.
- Researchers compared incarceration rates among different age groups.
- A high incarceration rate does not always mean that crime is rising.
Навчальні приклади
- The incarceration rate is lower than it was ten years ago.
- They studied the incarceration rate in each state.
mass incarceration
1/mˈæs ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
large-scale imprisonment
a situation where a country imprisons very large numbers of people
Приклади
- The book examines the causes and consequences of mass incarceration in the United States.
- Activists called for reforms to end mass incarceration and expand community-based services.
- Scholars often link mass incarceration to sentencing laws and racial inequality.
Навчальні приклади
- Mass incarceration affects many families.
- The film is about mass incarceration.
pretrial incarceration
1/pɹitɹˈaɪəl ɪŋkˌɑɹsɚˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
legal
jailing before trial
being kept in jail before a court trial
Приклади
- The report criticized the use of pretrial incarceration for people who could not afford bail.
- Long periods of pretrial incarceration can pressure defendants to accept plea deals.
- Reformers want courts to reduce unnecessary pretrial incarceration.
Навчальні приклади
- He spent three months in pretrial incarceration.
- Pretrial incarceration happens before the trial.