penalty
gb/pˈɛnəlti/ us/pˈɛnəlti/
A2
Англійська
~ 2400
büntetés, bírság, szankció, hátrány, negatív következmény, ár, büntető
ІМЕННИК
B1
1
Модель уживання:
a penalty for [doing something]
The company faced a heavy penalty for violating environmental regulations.
A vállalat súlyos bírságot kapott a környezetvédelmi előírások megsértése miatt.
You will receive a penalty if you park in this area without a permit.
Bírságot kapsz, ha engedély nélkül parkolsz ezen a területen.
There’s a penalty for late payment of the bill.
The new law increases the penalty for drunk driving.
He paid the penalty for his careless actions.
Навчальні приклади
She got a penalty for driving too fast.
Bírságot kapott, mert túl gyorsan hajtott.
There is a penalty if you pay late.
Késedelmi díjat számítanak fel, ha késve fizetsz.
He paid the penalty for breaking the rule.
The shop must pay a penalty for selling bad food.
We have to pay a penalty if we cancel the trip.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes confuse 'penalty' with 'fee'; a 'fee' is usually a regular payment for service, while a 'penalty' is a punishment cost.
Значення
punishment for a rule violation
Словосполучення
pay a penalty
|face a penalty
|heavy penalty
|severe penalty
|legal penalty
Синоніми
punishment (A general term for any consequence given for wrongdoing, not limited to formal rules.)
Антоніми
reward (Given as a positive outcome for good behavior, opposite to a penalty which is negative.)
Теми
law
|sports
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
Визначення
A punishment you get when you break a rule or law.
A punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or agreement.
ІМЕННИК
B2
2
Модель уживання:
the penalty of [something]
One of the penalties of living in the city is the constant noise.
A városi élet egyik hátránya az állandó zaj.
The penalty of working long hours is less time with family.
A hosszú munkaidő ára, hogy kevesebb idő jut a családra.
Fame brings many advantages, but also some penalties.
The main penalty of his decision was losing his friends.
Навчальні приклади
The penalty of eating too much is feeling sick.
A túl sok evés következménye az, hogy rosszul leszel.
A big city has the penalty of being noisy.
A nagyváros egyik hátránya, hogy zajos.
One penalty of his job is stress.
The penalty of not sleeping is feeling tired.
Значення
disadvantage resulting from an action
Словосполучення
the penalties of fame
|the penalties of aging
Синоніми
cost (Focuses on the price or sacrifice involved, not necessarily as punishment.)
Антоніми
benefit (A positive result or advantage, opposite to a penalty as a negative result.)
Теми
daily life
|core_vocabulary
|daily_life
Визначення
A bad result or loss caused by something you do or that happens.
A disadvantage, loss, or negative effect that results from an action or situation.
ІМЕННИК
A2
3
Модель уживання:
receive a penalty
He was given a two-minute penalty for tripping another player.
Gáncsolásért kétperces büntetést kapott.
The referee awarded a penalty kick after the foul.
A szabálytalanság után a játékvezető büntetőrúgást ítélt.
A penalty shot was given when the defender held the attacker’s stick.
Навчальні приклади
The player got a penalty for hitting another player.
A játékos büntetést kapott, mert megütött egy másik játékost.
He scored from the penalty kick.
Büntetőből szerzett gólt.
She got a two-minute penalty in the game.
Значення
punishment for breaking sports rules
Словосполучення
penalty kick
|penalty shot
|serve a penalty
Синоніми
foul (In sports, an illegal play; not always resulting in a formal penalty.)
Антоніми
advantage (In sports, an opportunity gained, opposite to losing one due to a penalty.)
Теми
sports
|core_vocabulary
Визначення
A punishment in sports when someone breaks the rules.
An action taken in sports to punish a player or team for breaking the rules, often giving an advantage to the other side.
Граматика
Словникова форма
penalty
IPA
GB/pˈɛnəlti/
US/pˈɛnəlti/
Склади й наголос
pen - alty (2 склади)
Stress on 1st syllable (pen)
Форми слова
Noun
- Base: penalty
- Plural: penalties
Споріднені слова
Вирази
pay the penalty
1/pˈeɪ ðə pˈɛnəlti/
idiom
suffer consequences of wrongdoing
To suffer because of something bad you did.
Приклади
- He ignored the safety rules and paid the penalty when he got injured.
- If you cheat, you will pay the penalty sooner or later.
penalty kick
1/pˈɛnəlti kˈɪk/
fixed phrase
soccer free kick from penalty spot
In soccer, a free shot at goal from the penalty spot after a foul in the box.
Приклади
- The referee awarded a penalty kick after the defender fouled the striker.
- He scored from the penalty kick to win the game.
penalty shootout
1/pˈɛnəlti ʃˈutaʊt/
fixed phrase
soccer tiebreaker with penalties
In soccer, when each team takes turns shooting from the penalty spot to decide who wins after a tie.
Приклади
- The match ended in a 1-1 draw and went to a penalty shootout.
- They won the championship after a tense penalty shootout.