plume
gb/plˈum/ us/plˈum/
B2
Англійська
dísztoll, tollforgó, csóva, oszlop, hajtincs, vízcsóva, üstök, gomolyog, büszke magára, büszkélkedik
ІМЕННИК
B2
1
Модель уживання:
[a] plume; plumes on [something]
Her hat was trimmed with a bright red plume.
Kalapját élénkpiros dísztoll ékesítette.
The guards wore helmets with tall white plumes.
Az őrök magas fehér tollforgóval díszített sisakot viseltek.
The dancer’s costume included a fan of black plumes.
Навчальні приклади
The hat has a large plume.
A kalapon nagy dísztoll van.
He wore a plume on his helmet.
Tollforgót viselt a sisakján.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes confuse plume (/pluːm/) with plum (/plʌm/), the fruit.
Значення
a large decorative feather
Словосполучення
ostrich plume
|a plume of feathers
|a white plume
|a scarlet plume
|plumes on a helmet
|a plumed hat
|a plumed headdress
|wear a plume
|decorated with plumes
|a plume in your cap
Синоніми
feather (More general; plume often suggests large or decorative.)
|
aigrette (A decorative feather plume, especially on a hat (more specific and less common).)
Теми
nature
|clothing_fashion
|arts_culture
Визначення
a big feather used for decoration
A long, soft feather, especially one used as decoration on clothing, hats, helmets, or costumes.
ІМЕННИК
B2
2
Модель уживання:
a plume of [smoke/steam/dust/ash] (from [place])
A dark plume of smoke rose from the warehouse.
Sötét füstoszlop emelkedett a raktárból.
The rocket left a bright plume of flame and exhaust.
A rakéta fényes láng- és füstcsóvát húzott maga után.
A plume of ash drifted over the town after the eruption.
Навчальні приклади
I saw a plume of smoke.
Láttam egy füstcsóvát.
Steam rose in a white plume.
A gőz fehér csóvában szállt fel.
Поширена помилка:
Learners may use cloud when a narrow, rising shape is meant; plume often implies a streaming or rising column.
Значення
a column of smoke or steam
Словосполучення
a plume of smoke
|a plume of steam
|a plume of ash
|a dust plume
|a volcanic plume
|a smoke plume
|a toxic plume
|a plume rises
|a plume drifted
|a plume from the chimney
Синоніми
column (Emphasizes a tall vertical shape; less natural for drifting smoke.)
|
trail (Emphasizes something left behind moving objects (e.g., planes), not necessarily rising.)
|
cloud (More general; plume suggests a narrower, streaming shape.)
Теми
environment
|weather
|science
Визначення
a long cloud of smoke or steam
A long, thin cloud or column of smoke, steam, dust, or similar material rising into the air or spreading out from a source.
ІМЕННИК
C1
3
Модель уживання:
a plume of [hair/spray/water]
He had a plume of hair falling over his forehead.
Egy hajtincs hullott a homlokába.
A plume of water shot up from the fountain.
Vízcsóva tört fel a szökőkútból.
The ornamental grass produces pale plumes in late summer.
Навчальні приклади
She has a plume of hair.
Van egy kiálló hajtincse.
A plume of water rose up.
Vízcsóva tört fel.
Поширена помилка:
Learners may overuse plume for any spray of liquid; it usually suggests a light, feathery shape.
Значення
a feather-like tuft or spray
Словосполучення
a plume of hair
|a plume of water
|a plume of spray
|a feathery plume
|a plume-like tuft
|grass plumes
|plumes of sea spray
Синоніми
tuft (Often smaller and more compact than a plume.)
|
spray (Focuses on droplets; plume focuses on the shape.)
|
crest (Often refers to hair or a ridge-like top; plume suggests softness/featheriness.)
Теми
daily_life
|nature
Визначення
a soft, feather-like shape
A tuft, crest, or spray of something that looks like a feather, such as hair, grass, or water.
ДІЄСЛОВО
C1
4
gomolyog
B2
Модель уживання:
[smoke/steam/dust] plumes (from/out of) [place]; [something] plumes into/through [place]
Steam plumed from the street vents in the cold air.
A hideg levegőben gőz gomolygott fel az utcai szellőzőkből.
Smoke plumed out of the engine compartment.
Füst gomolygott ki a motortérből.
Dust plumed behind the truck as it sped along the dirt road.
Навчальні приклади
Smoke plumed into the air.
A füst gomolyogva szállt a levegőbe.
Steam plumed from the kettle.
Gőz gomolygott a vízforralóból.
Поширена помилка:
Learners may use plume as a synonym of smoke; plume is about the shape and movement, not the substance itself.
Значення
to rise or stream like smoke
Словосполучення
smoke plumed
|steam plumed
|ash plumed
|dust plumed
|plume from the vents
|plume out of the chimney
|plume into the sky
|plume across the valley
Синоніми
billow (Often suggests thicker, rolling movement rather than a narrow stream.)
|
stream (More general and less visual; plume highlights a feathered, trailing shape.)
|
rise (General upward movement without the specific shape implied by plume.)
Антоніми
settle (Move downward and become still rather than rising/spreading.)
Теми
environment
|weather
|science
Визначення
to rise like a long cloud of smoke
To rise, flow, or spread out in a long, trailing shape like a plume; or to send out material in that shape.
ДІЄСЛОВО
C1
FORMAL
5
büszkélkedik
B2
Модель уживання:
[someone] plumes [themself] on [something]
He plumed himself on his attention to detail.
Azzal büszkélkedett, mennyire figyel a részletekre.
She plumed herself on never being late.
Arra volt büszke, hogy soha nem késik.
They plumed themselves on their reputation for fairness.
Навчальні приклади
He plumed himself on his work.
Büszke volt a munkájára.
She plumed herself on being careful.
Büszke volt rá, hogy körültekintő.
Поширена помилка:
This verb is usually reflexive (plume yourself/himself/themselves) and commonly followed by on + noun/gerund.
Значення
to feel proud of yourself
Словосполучення
plume yourself on
|plume himself on
|plume herself on
|plume themselves on
|plume yourself on your success
|plume himself on being honest
|plume herself on her good taste
Синоніми
pride yourself on (More common and more neutral; plume yourself on can sound more literary or critical.)
|
congratulate yourself on (Often implies self-satisfaction; can be more explicit than plume.)
Антоніми
regret (Feel sorry about something rather than proud of it.)
|
be ashamed of (Feel embarrassment instead of pride.)
Теми
emotions
|social_relations
Визначення
to feel proud about something you did
To feel pleased and proud about your achievements or qualities, especially in a self-satisfied way.
Граматика
Словникова форма
plume
IPA
GB/plˈum/
US/plˈum/
Склади й наголос
plume (1 склад)
Stress on 1st syllable (plume)
Форми слова
Noun
- Base: plume
- Plural: plumes
Verb
- Base: plume
- 3rd Person Singular: plumes
- Present Participle: pluming
- Past: plumed
Споріднені слова
Forms
plumes
noun
pluming
verb
plumed
verb
Core family
plumage
noun C1
Вирази
in full plume
1/ˈɪn fˈʊl plˈum/
fixed phrase
literary
fully adorned or displayed
wearing/showing very decorative feathers
Приклади
- The peacock was in full plume, turning slowly in the sunlight.
- The parade featured riders in full plume and bright uniforms.
- She arrived in full plume, dressed up for the opening night.
plume up
1/plˈum ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
fluff out feathers
(a bird) makes its feathers stand out
Приклади
- The sparrow plumed up against the cold.
- The rooster plumed up and strutted around the yard.
- At the feeder, the small birds would plume up when a cat appeared.
Навчальні приклади
- The bird plumed up.
- In winter, birds plume up to stay warm.