proxy
gb/pɹˈɑksi/ us/pɹˈɑksi/
B2
Англійська
~ 5900
meghatalmazott, helyettesítő változó, helyettesítő mutató, proxyváltozó, proxyszerver, proxy, proxykiszolgáló, meghatalmazás, proxyerő, helyettesítő erő, proxyként továbbít, közvetít
ІМЕННИК
B2
1
Модель уживання:
appoint [someone] as a proxy
She couldn’t attend the shareholders’ meeting, so her lawyer acted as her proxy.
Nem tudott részt venni a részvényesi közgyűlésen, ezért az ügyvédje járt el meghatalmazottjaként.
Each member may appoint one proxy to vote on their behalf.
Minden tag kijelölhet egy meghatalmazottat, aki a nevében szavaz.
You must register your proxy at the front desk before the meeting starts.
He served as his father’s proxy during the council vote.
Only authorized proxies are allowed into the closed session.
Навчальні приклади
I asked my friend to be my proxy at the meeting.
Megkértem a barátomat, hogy legyen a meghatalmazottam az értekezleten.
She will act as a proxy for her boss.
Ő a főnöke meghatalmazottjaként fog eljárni.
He went to the vote as his mother’s proxy.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes think 'proxy' always means any kind of helper. In fact, in this sense it usually means a formally chosen person who can make decisions or vote for someone else.
Значення
person acting for another
Словосполучення
act as a proxy
|appoint a proxy
|vote by proxy
|designate a proxy
|serve as a proxy
Синоніми
representative (More general; can be used in many situations, not only with formal voting or legal authority.)
Антоніми
principal (The person who gives authority to a proxy, so it is the opposite role in the same relationship.)
Теми
business
|law
|politics
Визначення
A person who does something, especially votes, for another person who cannot be there.
A person who has formal authority to act or vote on someone else’s behalf, especially at a meeting or in an election.
ІМЕННИК
C1
FORMAL
2
Модель уживання:
use [something] as a proxy for [something]
Researchers often use years of education as a proxy for socioeconomic status.
A kutatók gyakran az iskolában eltöltött évek számát használják a társadalmi-gazdasági státusz helyettesítő mutatójaként.
Social media activity is a poor proxy for real political engagement.
A közösségi médiában mutatott aktivitás rossz helyettesítő mutatója a valódi politikai részvételnek.
In this model, household income serves as a proxy for purchasing power.
Height is sometimes taken as a proxy for overall health, though this is controversial.
The number of complaints is used as a proxy for customer dissatisfaction.
Навчальні приклади
Teachers used test scores as a proxy for student progress.
A tanárok a teszteredményeket használták a diákok fejlődésének helyettesítő mutatójaként.
We used sales numbers as a proxy for customer interest.
Az eladási adatokat használtuk a vásárlói érdeklődés helyettesítő mutatójaként.
They used city lights in photos as a proxy for economic growth.
Поширена помилка:
Learners may confuse 'proxy' with 'approximation'. A proxy can be very accurate or very poor; it simply means one thing is used in place of another, not that it is only a rough guess.
Значення
substitute indicator or measure
Словосполучення
a proxy for
|use X as a proxy
|good proxy
|rough proxy
|imperfect proxy
Синоніми
indicator (Focuses on showing something; does not always suggest that it replaces a direct measurement like 'proxy' does.)
Антоніми
direct measure (A measurement of the actual thing itself, not something used in its place.)
Теми
science
|business
|education
Визначення
Something you measure or look at to show or guess another thing that is hard to measure directly.
A variable, fact, or thing that is used as a substitute indicator for something that cannot be observed or measured directly.
ІМЕННИК
C1
TECHNICAL
3
Модель уживання:
configure [a device] to use a proxy
All outbound web traffic is routed through a corporate proxy.
Minden kimenő webes forgalom egy vállalati proxyszerveren keresztül halad.
You may need to configure a proxy server in your browser settings.
Lehet, hogy a böngésződ beállításaiban be kell állítanod egy proxyszervert.
Using a proxy can help hide your IP address from the destination site.
The app failed to connect because the proxy was misconfigured.
They set up a caching proxy to reduce bandwidth usage.
Навчальні приклади
My office computer connects to the internet through a proxy.
Az irodai számítógépem proxyszerveren keresztül csatlakozik az internethez.
He set his browser to use a proxy server.
Úgy állította be a böngészőjét, hogy proxyszervert használjon.
The website did not load because the proxy was down.
Поширена помилка:
Some learners think 'proxy' in tech always means something illegal or about hiding identity. In fact, many companies use proxies for security, caching, and access control in normal, legal ways.
Значення
intermediary network server
Словосполучення
proxy server
|HTTP proxy
|web proxy
|configure a proxy
|connect via a proxy
Синоніми
gateway (A broader networking term; not all gateways function exactly like proxies, and it sounds more general.)
Антоніми
direct connection (Traffic goes straight between client and server with no proxy in the middle.)
Теми
technology
|internet
Визначення
A computer or service that sends and receives internet requests for another computer.
A server or service that sits between a client and another server, forwarding network requests and responses on the client’s behalf.
ІМЕННИК
C1
FORMAL
4
Модель уживання:
sign a proxy authorizing [someone]
Shareholders who cannot attend may return a signed proxy by mail.
Azok a részvényesek, akik nem tudnak részt venni, postán visszaküldhetik az aláírt meghatalmazást.
Please complete the enclosed proxy and indicate how you wish to vote.
Kérjük, töltse ki a mellékelt meghatalmazást, és jelölje meg, hogyan kíván szavazni.
The company must file its proxy statement with regulators before the annual meeting.
They collected enough proxies to control more than half of the votes.
If you lose your proxy card, contact investor relations for a replacement.
Навчальні приклади
I filled in a proxy so my friend can vote for me.
Kitöltöttem egy meghatalmazást, hogy a barátom szavazhasson helyettem.
She sent her proxy to the company by email.
Elküldte a meghatalmazását a cégnek e-mailben.
Many investors do not read the proxy documents carefully.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes think 'send your proxy' always means sending a person. In business and legal contexts, it often refers to sending the signed proxy document, not a physical person.
Значення
written authorization to act
Словосполучення
sign a proxy
|send in your proxy
|proxy form
|proxy card
|solicit proxies
Синоніми
power of attorney (A broader legal term, usually for many types of decisions, not only voting; often more formal and long-term than a simple proxy form.)
Антоніми
revocation (A document or act that cancels a proxy or power previously given.)
Теми
business
|law
|finance
Визначення
A paper or form that says another person can act or vote for you.
A written authorization, often a legal or corporate form, that gives a person the right to act or vote on someone else’s behalf.
C2
FORMAL
5
proxyerő
C2
Модель уживання:
use [someone/something] as a proxy
The two powers avoided direct confrontation, instead backing rival proxies in the region.
A két nagyhatalom kerülte a közvetlen összecsapást, ehelyett egymással szemben álló proxyerőket támogatott a térségben.
Analysts say the militia groups are proxies for a larger foreign government.
Elemzők szerint a milíciacsoportok egy külföldi állam proxyerői.
The conflict has increasingly been fought through local proxies rather than regular armies.
They accused their neighbors of arming proxies across the border.
Iranian proxies have gained influence in several neighboring countries.
Навчальні приклади
The big country used small local groups as proxies.
A nagy ország kis helyi csoportokat használt proxyerőként.
Some militias act as proxies for foreign powers.
Egyes milíciák külföldi hatalmak proxyerőiként működnek.
The war became a battle between two powers using proxies.
Поширена помилка:
Learners may think this use of 'proxy' still means a single person. In political news, a 'proxy' is often an armed group or state acting for another power.
Значення
client group used in conflict
Словосполучення
regional proxies
|use proxies
|fight through proxies
|foreign proxies
|militant proxies
Синоніми
client state (Usually refers specifically to a dependent country; 'proxy' can also be a non-state group like a militia.)
Антоніми
principal actor (The main power that acts directly, not through other groups.)
Теми
politics
|war
Визначення
A smaller country or group that fights or acts for a bigger country in a conflict.
A state, organization, or armed group that fights or acts on behalf of a more powerful external actor, especially in political or military conflicts.
ДІЄСЛОВО
C2
TECHNICAL
6
közvetít
B2
Модель уживання:
proxy [requests/traffic] to [a server]
The load balancer proxies requests to several backend servers.
A terheléselosztó proxyként több háttérszerverhez továbbítja a kéréseket.
Our API gateway proxies all traffic to the legacy system.
Az API-átjárónk proxyként minden forgalmat a régi rendszerhez továbbít.
This service proxies HTTP and HTTPS connections through a single endpoint.
The edge node proxies user uploads to cloud storage.
We configured Nginx to proxy the application’s WebSocket connections.
Навчальні приклади
The server proxies web requests to another machine.
A szerver proxyként egy másik gépre továbbítja a webes kéréseket.
This tool proxies all traffic through one secure server.
Ez az eszköz proxyként minden forgalmat egyetlen biztonságos szerveren keresztül továbbít.
The program proxies calls from the app to the database.
Поширена помилка:
Some learners do not realize 'proxy' can be a verb in technical documentation. It is mainly used in IT and networking, not in everyday speech.
Значення
to forward network traffic
Словосполучення
proxy a request
|proxy traffic
|proxy connections
|reverse proxy to
|proxy API calls
Синоніми
forward (A more general verb; does not by itself suggest acting on behalf of a client as an intermediary, as 'proxy' does in networking.)
Антоніми
connect directly (Describes the opposite setup: the client talks straight to the server with no proxy involved.)
Теми
technology
|internet
Визначення
To send internet requests from one computer to another server for a client computer.
To pass network requests or traffic from a client to another server and return the responses, acting as an intermediary.
Граматика
Словникова форма
proxy
IPA
GB/pɹˈɑksi/
US/pɹˈɑksi/
Склади й наголос
proxy (1 склад)
Stress on 1st syllable (proxy)
Форми слова
Noun
- Base: proxy
- Plural: proxies, proxy
Споріднені слова
Forms
proxies
noun
Вирази
by proxy
1/bˈaɪ pɹˈɑksi/
fixed phrase
indirectly, through another person
To do something through another person who acts for you, instead of doing it yourself directly.
Приклади
- Because he was abroad, he voted by proxy in the election.
- She manages the business by proxy through a trusted advisor.
- Many parents today experience school life only by proxy through their children.
forward proxy
1/fˈɔɹwɚd pɹˈɑksi/
fixed phrase
technical
proxy for outbound traffic
A proxy server that sends client requests from a private network to servers on the internet.
Приклади
- The company uses a forward proxy to control outbound web access.
- With a forward proxy, all requests appear to come from one IP address.
- Developers configured a forward proxy for testing external APIs.
proxy fight
1/pɹˈɑksi fˈaɪt/
fixed phrase
formal
battle for shareholder proxies
A business fight where two sides try to get enough proxy votes from shareholders to control a company.
Приклади
- The activist investor launched a proxy fight to replace several board members.
- The company spent millions defending itself in the proxy fight.
- The proxy fight ended when the two sides reached a settlement.
proxy form
1/pɹˈɑksi fˈɔɹm/
fixed phrase
formal
form to appoint a proxy
A paper you sign to let another person act or vote for you.
Приклади
- Please complete the attached proxy form and return it by mail.
- Members must submit a proxy form if they wish someone else to vote for them.
- The proxy form explains how your shares will be voted.
proxy server
1/pɹˈɑksi sˈɚvɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
server that forwards requests
A computer on a network that sends and receives internet requests for other computers.
Приклади
- All web access in the office goes through a proxy server.
- You may need to enter the proxy server address in your network settings.
- They installed a proxy server to filter and log internet traffic.
proxy statement
1/pɹˈɑksi stˈeɪtmənt/
fixed phrase
formal
shareholder voting document
An official paper a company sends to owners of shares before a meeting, explaining votes and asking for their proxy.
Приклади
- The company filed its annual proxy statement with regulators.
- Investors criticized the proxy statement for lacking detail on executive pay.
- The proxy statement lists all the directors standing for election.
proxy vote
1/pɹˈɑksi vˈoʊt/
fixed phrase
formal
vote cast by a proxy
A vote made by a person who is officially allowed to vote for someone else.
Приклади
- The motion passed with the help of hundreds of proxy votes.
- Proxy votes must be received at least 48 hours before the meeting.
- The activist fund tried to win enough proxy votes to replace the board.
proxy war
1/pɹˈɑksi wˈɔɹ/
fixed phrase
formal
indirect war through allies
A war where big powers do not fight each other directly but help other countries or groups to fight for them.
Приклади
- The Cold War saw many bloody proxy wars around the world.
- Analysts fear the conflict could turn into a regional proxy war.
- The two rivals are funding opposing sides in a proxy war.
reverse proxy
1/ɹɪvˈɚs pɹˈɑksi/
fixed phrase
technical
proxy in front of backends
A proxy server that sits in front of many servers and sends client requests to them.
Приклади
- They use Nginx as a reverse proxy in front of their application servers.
- A reverse proxy can handle SSL termination and load balancing.
- We placed a reverse proxy at the edge of the network for security.
vote by proxy
1/vˈoʊt bˈaɪ pɹˈɑksi/
fixed phrase
formal
cast a vote via representative
To have another person vote for you because you cannot be there.
Приклади
- Shareholders who cannot attend may vote by proxy.
- He chose to vote by proxy rather than travel to the annual meeting.
- Members are allowed to vote by proxy under the club’s rules.