wilful
gb/wˈɪlfəl/ us/wˈɪlfəl/
B2
Англійська
~ 10000
szándékos, akaratos, önfejű
C1
FORMAL
1
szándékos
B1
Модель уживання:
wilful [wrong act]
He was charged with wilful damage to public property after spray-painting the train.
Közvagyon szándékos megrongálásával vádolták meg, miután festékszóróval összefújta a vonatot.
The report accused the company of wilful neglect of basic safety standards.
A jelentés azzal vádolta a vállalatot, hogy szándékosan elhanyagolta az alapvető biztonsági előírásokat.
Her wilful violation of the court order led to a heavy fine.
The judge said their actions showed a wilful disregard for human life.
Навчальні приклади
The fire was not an accident; it was wilful.
A tűz nem baleset volt; szándékosan okozták.
He went to prison for wilful damage to the cars.
A kocsik szándékos megrongálása miatt börtönbe került.
The manager’s wilful breaking of the rules cost the company a lot of money.
The government was blamed for wilful neglect of poor families.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes confuse "wilful" with "willing" or "wishful". "Wilful" means that something is done on purpose, often something bad. "Willing" means happy to do something. Also note spelling: British English usually has "wilful", American English usually has "willful".
Значення
Deliberate, especially of a bad act
Словосполучення
wilful damage
|wilful misconduct
|wilful neglect
|wilful violation
|wilful blindness
|wilful ignorance
Синоніми
deliberate (Very close in meaning; common in all registers, not limited to negative or legal use.)
|
intentional (Focuses on being done on purpose; less strongly associated with wrongdoing than "wilful".)
|
premeditated (Stronger and more formal; often used about serious crimes planned in advance.)
Антоніми
accidental (Describes something that happens by chance, with no plan or intention.)
|
inadvertent (More formal; stresses that something was not done on purpose and happened through carelessness.)
Теми
law
|ethics
|society
|core_vocabulary
Визначення
Done on purpose and not by accident, especially when it is bad or against the rules or law.
Done deliberately rather than accidentally, especially when the action is morally or legally wrong.
B2
2
Модель уживання:
a wilful [person/child]
Their youngest son is a bright but very wilful child.
A legkisebb fiuk okos, de nagyon akaratos gyerek.
She has always been too wilful to accept anyone else’s advice.
Mindig is túl önfejű volt ahhoz, hogy elfogadja bárki más tanácsát.
His wilful nature made teamwork difficult for everyone.
The dog is wilful and ignores commands when he feels like it.
Навчальні приклади
The girl is kind but very wilful.
A lány kedves, de nagyon akaratos.
My little brother is wilful and never listens to our parents.
Az öcsém akaratos, és soha nem hallgat a szüleinkre.
Her wilful behaviour caused many problems at school.
He is too wilful to follow simple instructions.
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes think "wilful" is always positive, like "strong-willed". In modern English, "wilful" is usually negative, especially about children or difficult people. Use "strong-willed" if you want a more positive or neutral idea.
Значення
Stubbornly doing what one wants
Словосполучення
a wilful child
|a wilful teenager
|a wilful streak
|a wilful nature
|wilful and stubborn
|his/her wilful personality
Синоніми
stubborn (Very close in meaning; more common and slightly more general, not tied to ideas of moral blame.)
|
headstrong (Emphasizes ignoring advice and acting quickly on one’s own ideas.)
|
self-willed (Formal and rare; focuses on acting according to one’s own will, similar in tone to "wilful".)
Антоніми
obedient (Describes someone who does what they are told and follows rules.)
|
compliant (More formal; suggests someone who agrees easily and does not resist requests.)
Теми
personality
|relationships
|family
|emotions
|core_vocabulary
Визначення
Showing a strong will and not wanting to do what other people ask, even when it causes problems.
Of a person or their behaviour: stubbornly determined to do what they want, refusing to be controlled, guided, or persuaded.
Граматика
Словникова форма
wilful
IPA
GB/wˈɪlfəl/
US/wˈɪlfəl/
Склади й наголос
wil - ful (2 склади)
Stress on 1st syllable (wil)
Форми слова
Adjective
- Base: wilful
Споріднені слова
Core family
Related words
willingly
adverb B1
willpower
noun
Negative and opposite forms
Advanced or less common
wilfulness
noun
willful
adjective
Вирази
wilful blindness
1/wˈɪlfəl blˈaɪndnəs/
fixed phrase
formal
Deliberately choosing not to know
When someone decides not to see or accept clear facts, so that they can say they did not know.
Приклади
- The report accused senior managers of wilful blindness to corruption in their own departments.
- Her wilful blindness to the risks put the whole team in danger.
- Critics say the government has shown wilful blindness about the effects of the new law.
wilful damage
1/wˈɪlfəl dˈæmɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
formal
Deliberate damage to property
Damage that someone does on purpose to buildings, cars, or other property.
Приклади
- He was fined for wilful damage after smashing the shop window.
- The sign warns that wilful damage to the equipment will be reported to the police.
- The youths were arrested on suspicion of wilful damage to several parked cars.
wilful disobedience
1/wˈɪlfəl dˌɪsoʊbˈidiəns/
fixed phrase
formal
Deliberate refusal to obey
When someone clearly and knowingly refuses to follow an order, rule, or law.
Приклади
- The officer was punished for wilful disobedience of a direct order.
- The teacher saw the student’s actions as wilful disobedience.
- In some armies, wilful disobedience can lead to a court-martial.
wilful ignorance
1/wˈɪlfəl ˈɪɡnɚəns/
fixed phrase
formal
Choosing to ignore facts
When someone chooses not to learn or accept information, especially because it is uncomfortable or not convenient for them.
Приклади
- The article argues that wilful ignorance about climate change is no longer acceptable.
- His comments showed a wilful ignorance of basic economic reality.
- Wilful ignorance of the problem will only make it worse.
wilful misconduct
1/wˈɪlfəl mɪskˈɑndʌkt/
fixed phrase
formal
Deliberate serious wrongdoing at work
Very bad behaviour in a job or role that someone does on purpose, knowing it is wrong.
Приклади
- The contract allows the company to dismiss employees for wilful misconduct.
- The pilot was cleared of wilful misconduct after a long investigation.
- Insurance may not cover losses caused by wilful misconduct.
wilful neglect
1/wˈɪlfəl nɪɡlˈɛkt/
fixed phrase
formal
Deliberately not giving needed care
When someone chooses not to give care or attention that they know they should give.
Приклади
- The investigation found no evidence of wilful neglect by hospital staff.
- Parents can face charges for wilful neglect of their children.
- The animals suffered through years of wilful neglect.