frost
gb/fɹˈɔst/ us/fɹˈɔst/
A2
Англійська
~ 9000
Значення
0 значень
Іменник
B1
entity
1
thin ice layer on surfaces
A very thin layer of ice on things, like grass or car windows, when it is very cold outside.
Модель уживання:
frost on [something]
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes confuse "frost" with "snow". Frost is a thin layer of ice on surfaces, while snow falls from the sky as white flakes. Learners may also say "the ground is full of frost" instead of the natural "the ground is covered in frost".
Синоніми
ice (General term for frozen water; less specific about forming a thin, powdery layer on surfaces.)
Антоніми
thaw (Refers to the warming and melting of ice or frost, the opposite of it forming or remaining.)
Словосполучення
morning frost
|thick frost
|light frost
|covered in frost
|scrape the frost
|frost on the ground
Теми
weather
|nature
|daily life
Приклади
- The car windows were covered in frost when I went outside this morning.
- A thick frost glittered on the grass under the streetlights.
- You’ll need to scrape the frost off the windshield before you can drive.
- There was a light frost on the ground, but no snow yet.
- The plants were damaged by the heavy frost on the leaves.
Навчальні приклади
- There is frost on the car.
- The grass is white with frost today.
- She uses a scraper to remove the frost from the window.
- I woke up and saw frost on the ground.
- The flowers died because of the frost on their petals.
Іменник
A2
event
2
period of freezing cold weather
Very cold weather when the temperature is at or below 0°C, which can hurt or kill plants.
Модель уживання:
[a/the] frost
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes use "frost" only for ice on surfaces and forget it can also mean the cold weather period itself. For weather, say "We had a frost last night", not "We had a frost on the ground last night" (natural: "We had frost on the ground" or "We had a frost last night").
Синоніми
freeze (Commonly used for a period of below-freezing weather; slightly stronger and more general than "frost".)
Антоніми
heatwave (Refers to a long period of unusually hot weather, contrasting with a period of freezing weather.)
Словосполучення
a hard frost
|a late frost
|ground frost
|first frost
|overnight frost
|a touch of frost
Теми
weather
|nature
|farming
Приклади
- Farmers are worried that a late frost could damage the fruit trees.
- We usually get the first frost in October.
- Tonight’s frost warning means you should bring delicate plants indoors.
- After several nights of hard frost, the ground was completely frozen.
- The vines were ruined by the unexpected spring frost.
Навчальні приклади
- We had a hard frost last night.
- The first frost of the year comes in November here.
- A late frost can kill young plants.
- The news said there may be frost tonight.
- Gardeners watch the weather for frost in spring.
Дієслово
B1
action
3
cover or be covered with frost
To put a thin layer of frost on something, or for frost to grow on something when it is very cold.
Модель уживання:
to frost [something]
Поширена помилка:
Learners often use only "freeze" and do not realize that "frost" is more specific for a thin icy layer on surfaces. Also, learners may say "the window frosted with ice"; natural English is "the window frosted over" or "the window was frosted with ice".
Синоніми
freeze (A broader verb meaning to turn to ice; "frost" focuses on the thin icy coating on a surface.)
Антоніми
defrost (Means to remove ice or frost from something or let it melt, the opposite of allowing it to frost.)
Словосполучення
windows frost over
|the glass frosted up
|frosted windscreen
|frosted windshield
|frosted over completely
Теми
weather
|daily life
|nature
Приклади
- The bathroom mirror frosted over during the cold snap.
- By morning, the lake had frosted around the edges.
- The driver waited for the windshield to frost less before continuing up the mountain road.
- The pipes in the attic had frosted over and then burst.
- The outside of the glass began to frost as the temperature dropped.
Навчальні приклади
- The windows frosted over in the night.
- The car windshield frosted quickly in the cold air.
- The pipes in the garage frosted and then broke.
- The glass bottle frosted when I took it outside.
- My bedroom window frosts every winter.
Дієслово
B2
action
4
put icing on a cake
To put a sweet cream or sugar mixture on the outside of a cake or other baked food.
Модель уживання:
to frost [a cake / cupcakes / cookies]
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes think "frost" for cakes means to freeze them. In cooking, "frost" means to cover with sweet icing. Also, British learners may overuse "ice" in American contexts where "frost" sounds more natural (e.g. in US recipes).
Синоніми
ice (In British English, "ice" is more common than "frost" for covering cakes; in American English, "frost" is standard.)
Антоніми
leave plain (To not add icing or decoration to a cake, the opposite of frosting it.)
Словосполучення
frost a cake
|lightly frost
|frosted cupcakes
|chocolate-frosted doughnuts
|frost with buttercream
Теми
food
|cooking
|daily life
|food_drink
Приклади
- Let the cake cool completely before you frost it.
- She spent the afternoon baking and frosting cupcakes for the party.
- The recipe says to frost the cookies with lemon glaze once they’ve cooled.
- He carefully frosted the cake and added fresh berries on top.
- We bought chocolate-frosted doughnuts for the office.
Навчальні приклади
- I will frost the cake after it cools.
- She likes to frost cupcakes with pink cream.
- My mother taught me how to frost a cake.
- They frosted the cookies with white sugar icing.
- He helped his sister frost the birthday cake.
Дієслово
B2
action
5
add light highlights to hair
To make some small parts of hair a lighter color, usually by using a chemical.
Модель уживання:
to frost [someone’s] hair
Поширена помилка:
Learners may confuse "frost" for hair with making it white from age or cold weather. In hairstyling, it is a deliberate coloring process, similar to adding highlights.
Синоніми
highlight (More general and common term; "frost" often suggests many small, light streaks, sometimes at the ends.)
Антоніми
dye dark (To color the hair a darker shade instead of adding lighter highlights.)
Словосполучення
frosted tips
|frost her hair
|frosted highlights
|have your hair frosted
Теми
appearance
|fashion
|daily_life
|clothing
Приклади
- He used to frost the tips of his hair in high school.
- She’s thinking about having her hair frosted for summer.
- The stylist suggested lightly frosting the front sections to brighten her face.
- In the 1990s, frosted hair was a popular look for teenagers.
- He regretted frosting his hair so much because it became very dry.
Навчальні приклади
- She wants to frost her hair before the holiday.
- The hairdresser frosted the front of his hair.
- He had frosted tips when he was young.
- My sister got her hair frosted last week.
- People sometimes frost their hair to make it look lighter.
Дієслово
B2
action
6
make glass rough and opaque
To treat glass or another surface so it is not clear and looks white and rough, like frost on a window.
Модель уживання:
to frost [glass / a window / a surface]
Поширена помилка:
Learners sometimes think "frosted glass" is always cold or covered in ice. In fact, it often refers to a permanent surface treatment that looks like frost but is not caused by temperature.
Синоніми
etch (More technical; refers to using chemicals or tools to mark or roughen glass, often to create a frosted look.)
Антоніми
polish (To make a surface smooth and shiny, the opposite of giving it a dull, frosted finish.)
Словосполучення
frosted glass
|frosted bathroom window
|frosted mug
|frosted light bulb
Теми
home
|materials
|design
|housing
|technology
Приклади
- The bathroom door is fitted with frosted glass for privacy.
- You can frost the window with a special spray from the hardware store.
- The designer chose frosted light bulbs to create a softer glow.
- He likes to keep his beer in a frosted mug.
- They decided to frost the lower half of the office windows.
Навчальні приклади
- The bathroom has a frosted glass door.
- We want to frost the windows so people cannot see in.
- The shop sells spray to frost glass at home.
- She drinks water from a frosted glass cup.
- Frosted glass lets in light but you cannot see through it clearly.
Іменник
C1
state
7
cold, unfriendly atmosphere
An unfriendly feeling between people, when they are cold and distant with each other.
Модель уживання:
a frost between [people]
Поширена помилка:
Learners may misunderstand this figurative use and think it refers to actual cold temperature. In context like "a frost between them", it describes emotional coldness, not the weather.
Синоніми
chill (Often used metaphorically for emotional coldness; "frost" suggests a stronger, more noticeable coldness.)
Антоніми
warmth (Refers to friendliness and kindness, the emotional opposite of "frost" in this sense.)
Словосполучення
a certain frost
|a sudden frost
|a frost between them
|a frost in the room
Теми
emotions
|relationships
|communication
Приклади
- Her comment put a real frost in the room.
- There was a noticeable frost between the two colleagues after the argument.
- A slight frost settled over the conversation when politics came up.
- His refusal to apologize created a lasting frost in their relationship.
- You could feel the frost melt once they started joking again.
Навчальні приклади
- There was a frost between them after the fight.
- His angry words created a frost in the office.
- A frost came into the room when she spoke to him.
- The frost slowly went away when they smiled at each other.
- You could feel a frost in their voices.
Іменник
informal
C1
event
8
event that is a failure
A party, show, or plan that fails and is disappointing.
Модель уживання:
[something] is a frost
Поширена помилка:
This sense is less common and mostly informal. Learners may think it always relates to weather. In "the party was a frost", it means the party failed, not that it was cold outside.
Синоніми
flop (Very common informal word for a big failure, especially in entertainment; "frost" is similar but less frequent.)
Антоніми
hit (Informal word for a big success, especially for a show or event, the opposite of a frost.)
Словосполучення
a complete frost
|a bit of a frost
|the party was a frost
|the show was a frost
Теми
entertainment
|social
|evaluation
|business
|arts_entertainment
|core_vocabulary
Приклади
- Unfortunately, the fundraiser was a complete frost and hardly anyone turned up.
- The play was a bit of a frost with the critics.
- After last year’s conference was such a frost, they decided to change the format.
- His latest project turned out to be a frost and was quickly cancelled.
- The party might have been a frost if the band hadn’t shown up.
Навчальні приклади
- The concert was a frost and many seats were empty.
- The party was a complete frost; no one danced.
- Their new show was a frost with the audience.
- His idea was a frost and the boss said no.
- The meeting was a frost and solved nothing.
Граматика
Словникова форма
frost
IPA
GB/fɹˈɔst/
US/fɹˈɔst/
Склади й наголос
frost (1 склад)
Stress on 1st syllable (frost)
Форми слова
Noun
- Base: frost
- Plural: frost, frosts
Verb
- Base: frost
- 3rd Person Singular: frosts
- Present Participle: frosting
- Past: frosted
Споріднені слова
Вирази
a hard frost
1/ə hˈɑɹd fɹˈɔst/
fixed phrase
very strong, damaging frost
A very cold frost that is strong enough to freeze the ground hard and damage plants.
Приклади
- A hard frost last week killed many of the flowers.
- Gardeners fear a hard frost in late spring.
- The lake began to freeze after several nights of hard frost.
a touch of frost
1/ə tˈʌt͡ʃ əv fɹˈɔst/
fixed phrase
small amount of frost or cold
A small amount of frost or freezing cold, usually early or late in the season.
Приклади
- We may see a touch of frost in low-lying areas tonight.
- There was just a touch of frost on the grass this morning.
- The forecast mentioned a touch of frost in the northern counties.
after the first frost
1/ˈæftɚ ðə fˈɚst fɹˈɔst/
fixed phrase
time after first seasonal frost
After the first time in a season when the temperature is cold enough to create frost.
Приклади
- Some vegetables taste sweeter when picked after the first frost.
- We usually bring the garden furniture inside after the first frost.
- The festival is held after the first frost, when the mosquitoes are gone.
frost out
1/fɹˈɔst ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
exclude someone by being cold
To make someone leave a group or place by being cold and unfriendly to them, not by directly telling them to go.
Приклади
- They tried to frost him out of the club by ignoring him at every meeting.
- New management slowly frosted out the older staff.
- She felt the other students were trying to frost her out of the group.
frost over
1/fɹˈɔst ˈoʊvɚ/
phrasal verb
become covered with frost
To become covered with a thin layer of frost.
Приклади
- The pond frosted over during the night.
- The car windows always frost over when it’s below freezing.
- The inside of the freezer has frosted over again and needs cleaning.
frost up
1/fɹˈɔst ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
surface becomes hard to see through
To become covered with frost so that you cannot see through the surface clearly.
Приклади
- The windscreen started to frost up as the temperature dropped.
- My glasses frosted up when I went outside.
- The fridge door has frosted up again and won’t close properly.
Jack Frost
1/d͡ʒˈæk fɹˈɔst/
fixed phrase
literary
personification of cold and frost
A made-up character that represents cold winter weather and frost, often used in stories and poems.
Приклади
- The children joked that Jack Frost had painted patterns on the windows.
- You can feel Jack Frost in the air tonight.
- Jack Frost has been busy; there’s ice on everything this morning.