randomization
gb/ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/ us/ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
C1
Англійська
Значення
0 значень
Іменник
technical
C1
process
1
Assignment by chance in studies
the process of putting people or things into study groups by chance, not by choice
Модель уживання:
randomization of [participants/patients/samples] to [groups/treatments/conditions]
Поширена помилка:
Do not confuse randomization with randomness: randomization is the process; randomness is the quality or result.
Синоніми
random assignment (the most direct synonym in experiments and trials)
|
random allocation (common in medical and statistical research)
|
chance assignment (clearer for non-specialists, but less technical)
Антоніми
nonrandom assignment (assignment not based on chance)
|
systematic allocation (assignment by a fixed rule rather than by chance)
Словосполучення
patient randomization
|treatment randomization
|randomization process
|randomization procedure
|randomization scheme
|randomization method
|randomization list
|randomization code
|proper randomization
|concealed randomization
Теми
statistics
|research
|medicine
|science
Приклади
- Randomization assigned half the patients to the new drug and half to standard treatment.
- Good randomization helps reduce bias between the treatment and control groups.
- The study was criticized because it did not clearly describe its randomization procedure.
Навчальні приклади
- Randomization put the patients into two groups by chance.
- The trial used randomization to make the results fairer.
Іменник
C1
process
2
Making order or choice random
mixing or choosing things by chance so they do not always appear the same way
Модель уживання:
randomization of [items/questions/order/results]
Поширена помилка:
In everyday speech, shuffle or mix up is often more natural than randomization when talking about songs, cards, or simple order.
Синоніми
shuffling (common and informal when the main idea is mixing the order)
|
random ordering (emphasizes the order of items)
|
random selection (emphasizes choosing items rather than arranging them)
Антоніми
fixed ordering (items appear in a set order)
|
deliberate selection (items are chosen intentionally rather than by chance)
|
deterministic ordering (the order is fully determined by a rule or input)
Словосполучення
order randomization
|question randomization
|item randomization
|playlist randomization
|data randomization
|automatic randomization
|randomization algorithm
|randomization setting
|complete randomization
|controlled randomization
Теми
technology
|education
|games
|data
Приклади
- The app uses randomization so the quiz questions do not appear in the same order every time.
- Playlist randomization kept the music from feeling repetitive.
- The game includes randomization of rewards to make each round less predictable.
Навчальні приклади
- The test uses randomization to mix the questions.
- Randomization makes each game a little different.
Іменник
technical
C1
process
3
Adding unpredictability in software
using chance in software so that locations, numbers, or results are harder to predict
Модель уживання:
randomization of [addresses/identifiers/values/output]
Поширена помилка:
In computing, randomization often means controlled unpredictability; it does not always mean completely patternless or truly random.
Синоніми
random variation (broader and less technical)
|
randomized layout (specific to arranging software or memory locations)
|
unpredictable generation (emphasizes generating values that cannot easily be guessed)
Антоніми
fixed layout (locations or arrangements do not change)
|
deterministic behavior (the same input always produces the same predictable result)
|
predictable output (results can be anticipated rather than randomized)
Словосполучення
memory randomization
|address randomization
|layout randomization
|identifier randomization
|port randomization
|randomization technique
|randomization layer
|runtime randomization
|security randomization
|seeded randomization
Теми
computing
|cybersecurity
|software
|privacy
|games
Приклади
- The browser adds randomization to certain identifiers to make tracking harder.
- Memory randomization makes it more difficult for attackers to predict where code is stored.
- The game uses map randomization so each new world is different.
Навчальні приклади
- The software uses randomization for extra security.
- Randomization helps make the game maps different each time.
Граматика
Словникова форма
randomization
IPA
GB/ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
US/ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
Склади й наголос
ran - dom - iz - a - tion (5 складів)
Stress on 1st syllable (ran)
Форми слова
Noun
- Base: randomization
- Plural: randomizations
Вирази
address space layout randomization
1/ˈædɹˌɛs spˈeɪs lˈeɪˌaʊt ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
Randomized memory locations
a security feature that changes where program parts are placed in memory so attackers cannot easily guess their location
Приклади
- Modern operating systems use address space layout randomization to make memory exploits more difficult.
- The vulnerability was easier to exploit when address space layout randomization was disabled.
- Address space layout randomization is one layer of defense, not a complete security solution.
block randomization
1/blˈɑk ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
Balanced assignment in blocks
a study method that randomizes people in small sets so the groups stay about the same size
Приклади
- The researchers used block randomization to keep the treatment and control groups balanced during recruitment.
- Block randomization with varying block sizes helped protect the assignment sequence.
- Each clinic used its own block randomization list.
cluster randomization
1/klˈʌstɚ ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
Random assignment of groups
randomizing whole groups instead of single people
Приклади
- The researchers used cluster randomization, assigning entire schools to the new program or the usual curriculum.
- Cluster randomization reduced contamination between students in the same classroom.
- The public health study used village-level cluster randomization.
mendelian randomization
1/mˈɛndˈɛliən ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
Causal study using genetics
a research method that uses genetic differences people are born with to study possible causes of disease
Приклади
- The paper used Mendelian randomization to examine whether higher BMI increases the risk of asthma.
- Mendelian randomization can strengthen causal evidence when a normal randomized trial is not practical.
- The Mendelian randomization analysis found little support for a causal effect.
randomization ratio
1/ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən ɹˈeɪʃioʊ/
fixed phrase
technical
Planned assignment proportion
the planned numbers of people put into each study group by chance
Приклади
- The trial used a 2:1 randomization ratio, so more patients received the experimental treatment.
- A 1:1 randomization ratio gives the same planned number of participants in each group.
- The protocol changed the randomization ratio after the dose-finding stage.
randomization test
1/ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən tˈɛst/
fixed phrase
technical
Significance test by reshuffling
a statistics method that checks whether a result could happen by chance by repeatedly mixing the data in random ways
Приклади
- The analyst ran a randomization test by shuffling the treatment labels 10,000 times.
- A randomization test was useful because the sample was small and the usual assumptions were uncertain.
- The randomization test showed that the observed difference was unlikely under the null hypothesis.
simple randomization
1/sˈɪmpəl ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
Unrestricted random assignment
putting study participants into groups by pure chance, like using a coin toss or random number
Приклади
- The trial used simple randomization because enrollment was large enough to keep the groups fairly balanced.
- With simple randomization, small studies can end up with unequal numbers in each group.
- The software performed simple randomization for each participant at the time of enrollment.
stratified randomization
1/stɹˈætəfˌaɪd ɹˈændəmɪzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
Randomization within subgroups
randomizing people separately inside groups with the same important feature, such as age or clinic
Приклади
- The trial used stratified randomization by age and disease severity.
- Stratified randomization helped ensure that each treatment group had similar numbers of high-risk patients.
- The protocol specified stratified randomization within each study site.