Actors usually come before the object; perfective transitive clauses often mark the actor with نے.

In basic English clauses, the actor is usually before the verb and can trigger subject-verb agreement.

Events are centered on the verb complex, often with aspect markers and auxiliaries.

English events are centered on verbs, often supported by auxiliaries for tense, aspect, voice, or questions.

Targets normally appear before the verb; animate or specific targets are often marked with کو.

English usually identifies the affected target by position after the verb, with pronoun case still visible in forms like him and her.

Urdu participants are noun phrases or pronouns; gender, number, oblique form and postpositions often matter.

English participants are usually expressed as noun phrases or pronouns, often with articles and number marking.

Urdu normally uses ہے/ہیں for present states; location and existence use related forms.

English usually requires the verb 'be' for states, locations, existence, and many descriptions.

Identity clauses usually use a copula; predicate nouns generally do not need an article.

English identity and classification commonly use 'be', often with an article before singular count nouns.

Urdu often places the topic early; particles such as تو can frame or contrast the topic.

English has topic-comment patterns, but ordinary subject-verb-object order is more common than strong topic marking.

Recipients are commonly marked with کو; beneficiaries often use کے لیے.

English marks recipients with double-object order or with prepositions such as to and for.

Experiences often use dative or possessive-like patterns rather than an English-style actor subject.

English often puts the experiencer as the subject, but some patterns use objects or prepositional phrases.

Instruments are usually marked with سے after an oblique noun phrase.

English usually expresses instruments with prepositions, especially with.

Time points and spans are expressed with adverbs, noun phrases and postpositions.

English uses time adverbs and prepositions such as at, on, in, for, and since to locate events in time.

Tense is encoded through the verb participle plus auxiliary forms such as ہے, تھا, گا.

English finite verbs normally show present or past tense; future is usually expressed with auxiliaries or context.