D03
extended
Relations
Relations between participants
Recipient Link
To whom does it go or for whom is it intended?
intermediate
Dative
Indirect object
Benefactive
معنی
The grammatical link that connects an event or object to a recipient, addressee, or beneficiary.
اسے کیسے پہچانیں
Look for the person who receives, hears, gets, or benefits.
مثالیں
الفاظ
to me|for you|her|the customer
فقرے
give it to me|tell Anna|cook for us
جملہ
I sent her a message.
Visual guide
Basic shape
EVENT + THING → RECIPIENT send + message → her "I sent her a message." Recipient gets/hears/benefits Ask: to whom? for whom?
Compare shape
Recipient shapes: Preposition: give it to me Bare object: tell Anna Dative case: Anna-DAT tell Benefactive: cook for us Same link: target person
زبان کا جائزہ
آپ کی مادری زبان میں
اردو
موجودگی
strong
اہمیت
Recipient links are usually marked with کو or a related postpositional phrase.
اس نے دوست کو پیغام بھیجا۔
He friend to message sent.
آپ کی سیکھی جانے والی زبان میں
انگریزی
موجودگی
strong
مشکل کی سطح
English uses to/for or double-object constructions to express recipients and beneficiaries.
She sent a message to me.
to me = recipient link
سیکھنے والوں کا عام مسئلہ
Learners may confuse 'to' and 'for' or choose the wrong object order.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.