bum
gb/bˈʌm/ us/bˈʌm/
B1
Angličtina
fenék, csöves, naplopó, lejmol, pocsék, rossz
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B1
INFORMAL
1
fenék
A2
Vzorec užití:
on [someone]'s bum
I slipped on the ice and landed on my bum.
Megcsúsztam a jégen, és a fenekemre estem.
The bike seat made my bum sore after an hour.
Egy óra után fájt a fenekem a bicikliüléstől.
He plopped down on his bum and refused to move.
Učební příklady
I fell on my bum.
A fenekemre estem.
My bum hurts from sitting.
Fáj a fenekem az üléstől.
Častá chyba:
Don’t use this word in very formal situations; use “buttocks” instead.
Význam
the buttocks
Kolokace
sit on your bum
|fall on your bum
|land on your bum
|get off your bum
|kick in the bum
|pain in my bum
|cold bum
Synonyma
butt (Very common and informal, especially in American English.)
|
backside (Slightly more polite and common in British English.)
|
rear (More neutral/euphemistic.)
Témata
body
|daily_life
Definice
the two round parts you sit on
A person’s buttocks.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B2
SLANG
2
csöves
B2
Vzorec užití:
a bum (on/at/by [place])
He used to call anyone sleeping outside a bum, which I thought was harsh.
Régebben mindenkit, aki kint aludt, csövesnek nevezett, amit én durvának tartottam.
People complained about bums hanging around the station.
Az emberek panaszkodtak, hogy csövesek lézengenek az állomás környékén.
A bum asked me for spare change outside the store.
Učební příklady
A homeless man asked for money.
Egy hajléktalan férfi pénzt kért.
Častá chyba:
Because it can sound insulting, use “homeless person” in polite conversation.
Význam
a homeless person
Kolokace
a street bum
|a bum on the corner
|a bum in the park
|drunks and bums
Synonyma
homeless person (Neutral and preferred in polite speech.)
|
vagrant (More formal and less insulting.)
Antonyma
homeowner (Opposite in terms of having stable housing.)
Témata
society
|people
Definice
a homeless person (can sound rude)
A homeless person who lives by begging or sleeping in public places; often used as a negative label and can be offensive.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B2
SLANG
3
naplopó
B2
Vzorec užití:
a bum
Stop being a bum and help with the dishes.
Ne légy már naplopó, inkább segíts mosogatni.
He called his brother a bum for never keeping a job.
Naplopónak nevezte a bátyját, amiért az sosem tudott megtartani egy állást.
I felt like a bum after sleeping until noon.
Učební příklady
Don’t be a bum.
Ne légy naplopó.
Častá chyba:
This is usually an insult; avoid using it to describe people you don’t know well.
Význam
a lazy, worthless person
Kolokace
lazy bum
|a total bum
|such a bum
|don’t be a bum
|acting like a bum
Synonyma
slacker (Less harsh; focuses on avoiding work.)
|
deadbeat (Stronger; suggests not paying debts or supporting family.)
Antonyma
hard worker (A person who works diligently.)
|
go-getter (Someone energetic and ambitious.)
Témata
people
|work
|emotions
Definice
a lazy person (insult)
A lazy or irresponsible person, especially someone who does not work and relies on others; an insult.
SLOVESO
B2
INFORMAL
4
lejmol
B2
Vzorec užití:
bum [something] (off [someone])
Can I bum a cigarette off you?
Lejmolhatok tőled egy cigit?
He’s always bumming money from his roommates.
Állandóan pénzt lejmol a lakótársaitól.
We forgot lunch, so we bummed some chips from a friend.
Učební příklady
Can I bum a ride?
El tudnál vinni?
Častá chyba:
In this sense, “bum” is about getting things free; it doesn’t mean “sit down.”
Význam
get something for free
Kolokace
bum a cigarette
|bum a smoke
|bum some cash
|bum a few bucks
|bum a ride
|bum a beer
|bum food
|bum money off a friend
Synonyma
cadge (More British-sounding; slightly literary/old-fashioned.)
|
scrounge (Often implies repeatedly getting things free.)
|
mooch (Suggests taking advantage of others; more negative.)
Antonyma
buy (To pay for something.)
|
pay (To give money in exchange.)
Témata
daily_life
|social
|money
Definice
to ask for and get something without paying
To get something from someone for free, usually by asking or borrowing casually.
B2
INFORMAL
5
pocsék
B1
Vzorec užití:
a bum [noun]
We had a bum time because it rained the whole weekend.
Pocsékul telt a hétvégénk, mert végig esett az eső.
Missing the train was bum luck.
Pech volt, hogy lekéstük a vonatot.
That’s a bum excuse for being late.
Učební příklady
It was a bum day.
Pocsék nap volt.
Častá chyba:
This meaning is common in American English (e.g., “bum luck”). It does not mean “homeless” here.
Význam
bad or disappointing
Kolokace
bum luck
|bum deal
|bum trip
|bum experience
|a bum day
|a bum choice
Synonyma
lousy (Very common informal synonym.)
|
crummy (Similar meaning; casual, often American.)
|
rotten (Stronger and more emotional.)
Antonyma
great (Very good; enjoyable.)
|
excellent (Very high quality.)
Témata
emotions
|daily_life
Definice
bad; not good
Bad, disappointing, or unpleasant.
B2
INFORMAL
6
rossz
A1
Vzorec užití:
a bum [body part/thing]
I can’t run right now—I’ve got a bum knee.
Most nem tudok futni – rossz a térdem.
The car wouldn’t start because it had a bum battery.
Az autó nem indult, mert rossz volt az akkumulátora.
She sat out the game with a bum ankle.
Učební příklady
I have a bum knee.
Rossz a térdem.
Častá chyba:
Often used before a noun (e.g., “a bum knee,” “a bum printer”).
Význam
injured or not working
Kolokace
bum knee
|bum leg
|bum shoulder
|bum ankle
|bum arm
|a bum back
|a bum engine
|a bum phone
Synonyma
bad (More general; less vivid.)
|
injured (More formal; used mainly for people/body parts.)
|
broken (Stronger; suggests it doesn’t work at all.)
Antonyma
healthy (Not injured; in good condition.)
|
working (Functioning properly (for machines/things).)
Témata
health
|daily_life
Definice
hurt or broken; not working well
Injured, or not working properly.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
bum
IPA
GB/bˈʌm/
US/bˈʌm/
Slabiky a přízvuk
bum (1 slabika)
Stress on 1st syllable (bum)
Tvary slova
Adjective
- Base: bum
Noun
- Base: bum
- Plural: bums
Verb
- Base: bum
- 3rd Person Singular: bums
- Present Participle: bumming
- Past: bummed
Příbuzná slova
Forms
bums
noun
bumming
verb
bummed
verb
Core family
bummer
noun
Výrazy
bum a ride
1/bˈʌm ə ɹˈaɪd/
fixed phrase
informal
get a free ride
to ask someone to drive you for free
Příklady
- Can I bum a ride to the station?
- We bummed a ride from a coworker after the party.
- He always tries to bum a ride instead of taking the bus.
Učební příklady
- Can I bum a ride?
bum around
1/bˈʌm ɚˈaʊnd/
phrasal verb
informal
spend time doing nothing
to relax and do nothing in particular
Příklady
- We bummed around the house all weekend.
- After finals, he just wanted to bum around for a few days.
- They spent the afternoon bumming around downtown.
Učební příklady
- I want to bum around this weekend.
bum deal
1/bˈʌm dˈil/
fixed phrase
informal
an unfair outcome
a situation that is unfair to someone
Příklady
- She got a bum deal and ended up doing all the work.
- It’s a bum deal, but we can’t change the policy.
- Getting fined for that felt like a bum deal.
Učební příklady
- That’s a bum deal.
bum out
1/bˈʌm ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
informal
make someone feel sad
to make someone feel unhappy; to feel unhappy
Příklady
- The cancellation really bummed me out.
- Don’t let one bad comment bum you out.
- She was bummed out about missing the concert.
Učební příklady
- I’m bummed out today.
bum rap
1/bˈʌm ɹˈæp/
fixed phrase
informal
an unfair accusation
unfair blame
Příklady
- That restaurant gets a bum rap—it’s actually pretty good.
- He took a bum rap for something he didn’t do.
- Small cars sometimes get a bum rap for being unsafe.
bum steer
1/bˈʌm stˈɪɹ/
fixed phrase
informal
misleading advice
advice that is wrong and confusing
Příklady
- Someone gave me a bum steer, and I ended up at the wrong office.
- I’m not saying she lied—maybe she just got a bum steer too.
- The online directions were a bum steer.
get off your bum
1/ɡˈɛt ˈɔf jˈʊɹ bˈʌm/
idiom
informal
stop being lazy
start doing something; don’t be lazy
Příklady
- Get off your bum and help me carry these boxes.
- I finally got off my bum and cleaned the kitchen.
- If you want the job, you need to get off your bum and apply.
Učební příklady
- Get off your bum and study.