cleft
gb/klˈɛft/ us/klˈɛft/
B2
Angličtina
~ 9400
hasadék, ajak- és/vagy szájpadhasadék, hasadt, hasított, kettéhasít
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C1
1
hasadék
B2
Vzorec užití:
a cleft in [something]
They sheltered for the night in a cleft in the rock.
Éjszakára egy sziklahasadékban húzódtak meg.
A thin stream of water ran down the cleft in the cliff face.
Vékony vízér csorgott lefelé a sziklafal hasadékában.
The actor’s cleft in his chin was part of his famous look.
Tree roots had forced open a cleft in the stone wall.
Sunlight poured through a cleft in the dark clouds.
Učební příklady
We sat in a cleft in the rock by the sea.
A tenger melletti szikla hasadékában ültünk.
Rainwater slowly filled the cleft in the ground.
Az esővíz lassan megtöltötte a földben lévő hasadékot.
She touched the small cleft in his chin and smiled.
The plant grew in a cleft between two stones.
Light came through a cleft in the cave roof.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use "cleft" to mean any kind of small hole. A cleft is usually long and narrow, like a line or groove, often created by splitting, not a round hole.
Význam
narrow crack or split
Kolokace
a cleft in the rock
|deep cleft
|rock cleft
|cleft in the earth
|cleft in his chin
|a narrow cleft
Synonyma
crack (More general and informal; can be very small or short and is not necessarily long and narrow.)
|
fissure (More formal and technical, often used in scientific or medical contexts.)
Antonyma
solid (Describes something with no openings or splits.)
|
unbroken (Emphasizes that the surface has not been split or damaged.)
Témata
nature
|anatomy
|visual
|body
|core_vocabulary
Definice
A narrow crack or long hole made when something hard is split, especially in rock or in part of the body.
A narrow crack, opening, or split in a solid surface, especially in rock or a body part.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B2
TECHNICAL
2
Vzorec užití:
born with a cleft
Their son was born with a cleft and needed surgery in his first year.
Fiuk ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékkal született, és az első évben műtétre volt szüksége.
Many families travel long distances so their child’s cleft can be repaired.
Sok család nagy távolságokat utazik, hogy gyermekük ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékát megműthessék.
Early treatment of a cleft can greatly improve speech development.
The charity funds operations for children with untreated clefts.
Doctors explained that the cleft was a common birth difference and not the parents’ fault.
Učební příklady
The baby was born with a cleft and could not feed well.
A baba ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékkal született, és nem tudott jól táplálkozni.
Doctors fixed the child’s cleft in a hospital.
Az orvosok kórházban műtötték meg a gyermek ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékát.
Some children with a cleft need help with speaking.
A cleft can be in the lip, the palate, or both.
They joined a support group for parents of children with a cleft.
Častá chyba:
Learners may think "a cleft" always means a crack in rock. In medical contexts, "a cleft" often specifically means a cleft lip or palate, a birth condition in the face or mouth.
Význam
birth defect in lip or palate
Kolokace
born with a cleft
|repair a cleft
|cleft surgery
|treat a cleft
|cleft services
|cleft charity
Synonyma
cleft lip (More specific; refers only to the upper lip being split.)
|
cleft palate (More specific; refers only to the roof of the mouth being split.)
Antonyma
normal palate (Refers to a roof of the mouth that is fully formed and not split.)
|
intact lip (Describes an upper lip that has no split or opening.)
Témata
medicine
|health
|biology
|body
Definice
A problem present at birth where a baby’s upper lip or the roof of the mouth is split open instead of joined together.
A congenital split in the upper lip and/or the roof of the mouth (palate), commonly referred to as a cleft lip or cleft palate.
B2
3
hasadt
B2
Vzorec užití:
a cleft [body part/object]
The surgeon explained how the cleft palate would be closed in stages.
A sebész elmagyarázta, hogyan fogják több lépésben zárni a hasadt szájpadot.
He had a famous movie-star smile and a strong cleft chin.
Híres filmsztármosolya és markáns hasadt álla volt.
Most goats have cleft hooves that help them grip rocky ground.
The storm left behind a cleft tree, its trunk split almost in two.
The fossil showed a plant with long, cleft leaves.
Učební příklady
The baby was born with a cleft lip.
A baba hasadt ajakkal született.
Her son has a cleft palate but speaks very well.
A fiának hasadt szájpada van, de nagyon jól beszél.
He has a cleft chin like his father.
The animal’s cleft hoof made two clear marks in the mud.
A cleft palate can be repaired with surgery.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes try to use "cleft" as a verb (e.g., *"The rock cleft open"*). In modern English, "cleft" is usually a noun or adjective; use "split" or "cracked" as the verb instead.
Význam
split or divided in two
Kolokace
cleft palate
|cleft lip
|cleft chin
|cleft hoof
|cleft trunk
|cleft tree
Synonyma
split (Very close in meaning; more general and much more common.)
|
divided (More general; may not suggest a narrow opening as clearly as "cleft".)
Antonyma
joined (Emphasizes that the parts have grown or come together without a gap.)
|
solid (Suggests no separation or gap within the object or body part.)
Témata
anatomy
|appearance
|description
|core_vocabulary
Definice
Split into two parts so that there is a narrow opening or line between them.
Split or divided into two parts, especially in a way that creates a narrow opening or gap.
C1
TECHNICAL
4
hasított
C1
Vzorec užití:
a cleft sentence
In the example "It was John who called", the teacher highlighted this as a cleft sentence.
Az „It was John who called” példát a tanár hasított mondatként emelte ki.
Writers sometimes use a cleft structure to add emphasis at the start of a sentence.
Az írók néha hasított szerkezetet használnak, hogy a mondat elején hangsúlyt adjanak valaminek.
The linguist compared cleft and non-cleft sentences to show how focus works in English.
Cleft sentences like "What I need is a break" can sound more dramatic.
The article explains how cleft constructions change information structure.
Učební příklady
The sentence "It was Tom who broke the glass" is a cleft sentence.
Az „It was Tom who broke the glass” mondat hasított mondat.
Cleft sentences help you show which part of the sentence is important.
A hasított mondatok segítenek megmutatni, melyik mondatrész a fontos.
Teachers sometimes use cleft sentences to explain word stress.
A cleft sentence often starts with "It is" or "What".
Linguists study how cleft sentences change meaning.
Častá chyba:
Learners may think "cleft sentence" is an error or very formal style. In fact, cleft sentences are common in both speech and writing to add focus or contrast.
Význam
of a sentence: split for focus
Kolokace
cleft sentence
|it-cleft sentence
|wh-cleft construction
|use a cleft sentence
|analyzing cleft constructions
Synonyma
emphatic (Describes the function of many cleft sentences but does not refer to the specific grammatical structure.)
Antonyma
uncleft (Rare technical term for the simple, unsplit version of a sentence; mostly used in linguistic description.)
|
simple (Refers broadly to sentences that are not split into this special two-part structure.)
Témata
language
|grammar
|education
|communication
Definice
Used about a sentence that is changed into two parts to make one part strong or important, usually with "It is/was" or "What" at the beginning.
Describes a type of sentence in which a single clause is split into two parts to highlight or emphasize one element, typically using a structure like "It is/was X that…".
SLOVESO
C2
LITERARY
5
kettéhasít
C1
Vzorec užití:
[something] was cleft [in/into] [parts]
A bolt of lightning cleft the old oak tree from top to bottom.
Egy villámcsapás tetejétől aljáig kettéhasította az öreg tölgyet.
The earthquake cleft the hillside, leaving a deep, jagged scar.
A földrengés felhasította a hegyoldalt, mély, szaggatott sebet hagyva maga után.
In the poem, the sea is cleft by the ship’s sharp bow.
The rock was cleft in two as if by a giant’s hand.
The land seemed cleft by dark rivers that cut across the plain.
Učební příklady
In the story, the sword cleft the stone.
A történetben a kard kettéhasította a követ.
The mountain was cleft by a great crack.
Egy hatalmas repedés kettéhasította a hegyet.
The river has cleft a deep valley over time.
Old books sometimes say "cleft in two" instead of "split in two".
The cliff face looked like it had been cleft by fire.
Častá chyba:
Learners may try to use "cleft" as the normal past tense of "cleave" in modern English. In everyday use, people usually say "cleaved" or "split" instead; "cleft" sounds old-fashioned or literary.
Význam
past of cleave (to split)
Kolokace
was cleft in two
|cleft in twain
|cleft by lightning
|cleft in pieces
|the earth cleft open
Synonyma
split (Modern, everyday verb; used in most contexts where "cleft" (verb) would be too literary.)
Antonyma
joined (Suggests the parts came together instead of being split apart.)
|
sealed (Emphasizes that any opening or crack has been closed.)
Témata
literature
|violence
|nature
|education
|communication
Definice
The past form of the verb "cleave" meaning to split something, used mainly in older or literary English.
Past tense and past participle of the verb "cleave" meaning to split or divide something, especially along a natural line or grain.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
cleft
IPA
GB/klˈɛft/
US/klˈɛft/
Slabiky a přízvuk
cleft (1 slabika)
Stress on 1st syllable (cleft)
Tvary slova
Adjective
- Base: cleft
Noun
- Base: cleft
- Plural: clefts
Příbuzná slova
Forms
clefts
noun
Core family
cleave
verb
Related words
cleavage
noun
cleaver
noun
Výrazy
cleft chin
1/klˈɛft t͡ʃˈɪn/
fixed phrase
chin with a central groove
A chin that has a line or small deep space in the middle.
Příklady
- The actor’s strong jaw and cleft chin became his trademark.
- My grandfather had a cleft chin, and I inherited it from him.
- Some people find a cleft chin attractive, while others do not notice it.
cleft lip
1/klˈɛft lˈɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
split in the upper lip
A birth problem where the top lip is divided by a gap or opening.
Příklady
- Her son was born with a cleft lip but had it repaired when he was three months old.
- Cleft lip and cleft palate can occur together or separately.
- The charity pays for free operations for children with cleft lips.
cleft palate
1/klˈɛft pˈælɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
split in the roof of the mouth
A birth problem where the roof of the mouth is open in the middle instead of closed.
Příklady
- The baby was born with a cleft palate and needed surgery to help with feeding.
- Children with a cleft palate often work with a speech therapist.
- Modern surgery can usually repair a cleft palate in the first year of life.
cleft sentence
1/klˈɛft sˈɛntəns/
fixed phrase
technical
two-part sentence for emphasis
A sentence made into two parts, like "It was John who called", to make one part more important.
Příklady
- The teacher gave "It was Maria who solved the problem" as an example of a cleft sentence.
- Cleft sentences are often used in spoken English to add emphasis or contrast.
- Students practiced turning simple sentences into cleft sentences to focus on different information.