martyr
gb/mˈɑɹtɚ/ us/mˈɑɹtɚ/
B2
Angličtina
~ 8700
mártír, vértanú, valamitől sokat szenvedő ember, valaminek a rabja, mártírrá tesz, mártírhalált hal, vértanúhalált hal, mártírkodik, feláldozza magát, mártírt játszik
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B2
1
Vzorec užití:
a martyr for/to [cause or belief]
The activist was hailed as a martyr for free speech after he was executed by the regime.
Az aktivistát a szólásszabadság mártírjaként ünnepelték, miután a rezsim kivégezte.
In many traditions, a martyr is honored with a special day of remembrance.
Sok hagyományban a mártírokat külön emléknappal tisztelik meg.
They feared that imprisoning her would turn her into a martyr for the movement.
The young priest became a martyr to his faith when he refused to deny his religion.
Statues of national martyrs stand in the center of the capital.
Učební příklady
He became a martyr for his religion when he was killed.
Mártír lett a vallásáért, amikor megölték.
The story tells how the woman died a martyr for peace.
A történet azt meséli el, hogyan halt mártírhalált a nő a békéért.
Some people see him as a martyr, but others do not agree.
The country has a monument to its war martyrs.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse "martyr" with "murderer". A "martyr" is the person who is killed for their beliefs; a "murderer" is the person who kills someone. Also, "martyr" is not used for every victim of violence, but mainly when strong beliefs or a cause are involved.
Význam
person killed for their beliefs
Kolokace
religious martyr
|political martyr
|martyr for the cause
|martyr to the faith
|die a martyr
|make a martyr of [someone]
Synonyma
victim (focuses on the person who is harmed, without the idea of honor or beliefs, so it is more general and less heroic.)
|
hero (suggests courage and admiration but does not necessarily mean the person was killed for their beliefs.)
Antonyma
persecutor (the person or group that harms or kills someone for their beliefs, the opposite social role of a martyr.)
|
oppressor (someone who uses power to harm or control others rather than suffering or dying for a belief.)
Témata
religion
|politics
|history
|conflict
Definice
Someone who is killed because of what they believe, and many people respect them for it.
A person who is killed, or willingly dies, because of their religious, political, or other strong beliefs, and is admired or honored for this sacrifice.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B2
INFORMAL
2
mártír
B2
Vzorec užití:
[someone] plays the martyr / is such a martyr
Stop being such a martyr and just ask for help when you need it.
Ne mártírkodj már, inkább egyszerűen kérj segítséget, amikor szükséged van rá.
He stayed late at the office again, then played the martyr about how tired he was.
Megint sokáig bent maradt az irodában, aztán mártírkodott, hogy mennyire fáradt.
She loves to be a martyr about all the things she does for her friends.
Don't turn this into a chance to be a martyr; we all chose to work on this project.
He has a real martyr streak, always reminding everyone how much he sacrifices.
Učební příklady
She works late and then acts like a martyr.
Sokáig dolgozik, aztán mártírként viselkedik.
He is always a martyr about his job and never stops talking about it.
Mindig mártírkodik a munkája miatt, és folyton erről beszél.
My friend told me, "Don't be a martyr. Just say you are tired."
He plays the martyr when he does one small favor for us.
Častá chyba:
Learners often think this use of "martyr" is positive, like the religious or political sense. In everyday speech, calling someone "a martyr" or saying they "play the martyr" is usually critical or disapproving.
Význam
person who plays the victim
Kolokace
play the martyr
|stop being a martyr
|act like a martyr
|such a martyr
|self-made martyr
Synonyma
drama queen (informal and often stronger; suggests very emotional and exaggerated behavior in general, not only about suffering for others.)
|
self-pitying victim (describes someone who feels sorry for themselves; does not always include the idea of showing extra effort or sacrifice for others.)
Antonyma
stoic (someone who hides their pain and does not complain, the opposite attitude of someone who "plays the martyr".)
Témata
emotions
|personality
|relationships
Definice
Someone who likes to show how much they suffer or work, so that other people feel sorry or feel bad, often more than is real or needed.
A person who makes a show of suffering, self‑sacrifice, or hard work in order to gain sympathy or make others feel guilty, often when it is unnecessary or exaggerated.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C1
3
mártír
B2
Vzorec užití:
[someone] is a martyr for [cause or principle]
Many see her as a martyr for women's rights because of the years she spent in prison.
Sokan a női jogok mártírjának tartják, mert éveket töltött börtönben.
The lawyer became a martyr for environmental causes after losing his career over the case.
Az ügyvéd a környezetvédelem mártírjává vált, miután az ügy miatt tönkrement a karrierje.
He was remembered as a quiet martyr for the poor, giving away most of his salary.
They treated him as a martyr for academic freedom, even though he never spent a day in jail.
History books often turn ordinary activists into martyrs for the nation.
Učební příklady
Some people call him a martyr for peace because he gave up his freedom for it.
Vannak, akik a béke mártírjának nevezik, mert feladta érte a szabadságát.
She became a martyr for education and worked in poor villages for many years.
Az oktatás ügyének mártírjává vált: sok éven át dolgozott szegény falvakban.
He is almost a martyr for his family, always working and never resting.
They saw her as a martyr for animal rights.
Častá chyba:
Learners may think a martyr in this sense must always die, but in modern use it can also describe someone who suffers or sacrifices heavily without dying.
Význam
person suffering for a cause
Kolokace
martyr for justice
|martyr for civil rights
|martyr for the cause
|willing martyr
|martyr to a cause
Synonyma
sacrificial victim (focuses more strongly on being given up or used for a purpose; often sounds more formal or dramatic.)
|
hero (suggests courage and sacrifice for others but does not necessarily imply long-term suffering.)
Antonyma
opportunist (someone who avoids sacrifice and uses situations for personal gain, the opposite of a self‑sacrificing martyr.)
Témata
politics
|society
|ethics
|relationships
|core_vocabulary
Definice
Someone who suffers a lot or gives up many things for a belief, a goal, or for other people.
A person who accepts great pain, loss, or sacrifice for a cause, principle, or for other people, especially over a long period of time, whether or not they are killed.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C1
4
Vzorec užití:
a martyr to [illness, problem, or duty]
He's a martyr to arthritis and can hardly walk some days.
Sokat szenved az ízületi gyulladástól, és vannak napok, amikor alig tud járni.
She's always been a martyr to migraines since her teens.
Tizenéves kora óta sokat szenved a migréntől.
My father was a martyr to his work, rarely taking a day off.
She's a martyr to her sense of duty and never says no to extra tasks.
By fifty, he was already a martyr to back pain.
Učební příklady
My grandmother is a martyr to back pain.
A nagymamám sokat szenved a hátfájástól.
He is a martyr to his job and works every weekend.
A munkája rabja, és minden hétvégén dolgozik.
She is a martyr to headaches and often has to lie down.
My uncle was a martyr to his bad habits.
Častá chyba:
Learners may try to say *"martyr of" instead of the fixed pattern "martyr to" (e.g. "a martyr to arthritis"). The usual preposition in this expression is "to".
Význam
person suffering from a condition
Kolokace
martyr to arthritis
|martyr to headaches
|martyr to duty
|martyr to his work
|martyr to her nerves
Synonyma
sufferer (neutral word for someone who has an illness or problem; it does not carry the same old‑fashioned or slightly dramatic tone as "martyr to".)
|
long-term patient (emphasizes having a medical condition over time, without the emotional color of "martyr".)
Antonyma
healthy person (someone without ongoing illness or suffering, the opposite of being "a martyr to" an illness.)
Témata
health
|daily_life
|body
Definice
Someone who often has a lot of pain or trouble from one thing, such as an illness, work, or a habit.
A person who suffers a lot and repeatedly because of a specific illness, physical problem, duty, or habit, often mentioned with that thing after "to".
SLOVESO
C1
5
Vzorec užití:
[group/person] martyrs [someone] for [belief or cause]
The regime martyred hundreds of dissidents for speaking out.
A rezsim több száz másként gondolkodót tett mártírrá azzal, hogy kivégezte őket, amiért felszólaltak.
According to legend, the king was martyred for refusing to abandon his faith.
A legenda szerint a király mártírhalált halt, mert nem volt hajlandó megtagadni a hitét.
Several activists were martyred for the cause of independence.
She was martyred for her beliefs and later declared a saint.
The film shows how the young teacher was martyred by extremists.
Učební příklady
He was martyred for his religion after a public trial.
Egy nyilvános tárgyalás után mártírhalált halt a vallásáért.
Many people were martyred for speaking the truth.
Sokan haltak mártírhalált azért, mert kimondták az igazságot.
The leader was martyred for his political ideas.
They were martyred for the cause of freedom.
Častá chyba:
Learners may confuse the verb "martyr" with the noun and say *"they martyr" when they mean "they are martyrs". As a verb, it needs an object or passive form, e.g. "They martyred him" or "He was martyred".
Význam
kill for beliefs or cause
Kolokace
be martyred for the faith
|martyred leader
|martyred saint
|martyred for his beliefs
|martyred for the cause
Synonyma
execute (a more legal or official word for killing someone as a punishment; it does not itself include the idea of honor or belief, but often overlaps in context.)
|
kill (very general and neutral; lacks the specific reason of beliefs or cause that "martyr" includes.)
Antonyma
spare (to choose not to kill someone, the opposite action of martyring them.)
|
protect (to keep someone safe from harm or death, again the opposite of martyring.)
Témata
religion
|politics
|conflict
Definice
To kill someone because of what they believe, so people see that person as a martyr.
To kill someone, or cause someone to die, because of their religious, political, or other strong beliefs, so that they are regarded as a martyr.
SLOVESO
C1
INFORMAL
6
Vzorec užití:
[someone] martyrs themself/themselves for [someone or something]
She martyrs herself for her children and never takes a break.
Mártírként áldozza fel magát a gyerekeiért, és soha nem pihen.
Don't martyr yourself for a company that doesn't value you.
Ne áldozd fel magad egy olyan cégért, amelyik nem becsül meg.
He loves to martyr himself for his friends and then remind them what he did.
You don't have to martyr yourself over every small mistake.
They warned her not to martyr herself to the project.
Učební příklady
She martyrs herself for her family and never rests.
Mártírként áldozza fel magát a családjáért, és soha nem pihen.
He always martyrs himself for his job.
Mindig mártírkodik a munkája miatt.
Don't martyr yourself for people who do not care.
You should not martyr yourself just to look good.
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use the reflexive incorrectly, saying *"martyr for" instead of "martyr yourself for". In this sense, the verb normally takes a reflexive pronoun: "martyr myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves".
Význam
over-sacrifice or play victim yourself
Kolokace
martyr yourself for your family
|martyr herself to her job
|always martyrs himself for others
|martyr yourself over nothing
Synonyma
over-sacrifice yourself (describes giving too much of yourself; it does not always include the idea of looking for sympathy.)
|
self-sabotage (suggests hurting your own interests; may not focus on doing it for others or showing suffering.)
Antonyma
put yourself first (to care for your own needs instead of suffering for others, the opposite attitude of martyring yourself.)
Témata
emotions
|personality
|relationships
Definice
To choose to suffer too much for other people or for work, and to show this so people feel sorry for you or think you are very good.
To make yourself suffer more than is necessary, or to present yourself as greatly suffering or self‑sacrificing, especially to gain sympathy or moral advantage.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
martyr
IPA
GB/mˈɑɹtɚ/
US/mˈɑɹtɚ/
Slabiky a přízvuk
mar - tyr (2 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (mar)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: martyr
- Plural: martyrs
Verb
- Base: martyr
- 3rd Person Singular: martyrs
- Present Participle: martyring
- Past: martyred
Příbuzná slova
Forms
martyrs
noun
martyring
verb
martyred
verb
Core family
martyrdom
noun C1
Výrazy
a martyr to something
1/ə mˈɑɹtɚ tə sˈʌmθɪŋ/
fixed phrase
person who often suffers from something
Used to say that someone suffers a lot again and again because of one thing, such as an illness, work, or a habit (for example, "a martyr to arthritis").
Příklady
- He's a martyr to allergies every spring.
- She's a martyr to her job and never takes holidays.
- My uncle was a martyr to his nerves for years.
be martyred for one's beliefs
1/bˈi mˈɑɹtɚd fɚ wˈʌnz bɪlˈifs/
fixed phrase
be killed because of beliefs
To be killed because of what you believe, usually used in the passive form with "for" plus the belief or cause.
Příklady
- She was martyred for her beliefs during the revolution.
- Thousands were martyred for their religious beliefs in that period.
- He was martyred for his political beliefs and later honored as a hero.
die a martyr
1/dˈaɪ ə mˈɑɹtɚ/
fixed phrase
be killed for a belief or cause
To be killed because of your beliefs or a cause, so that people see you as a martyr.
Příklady
- He died a martyr for religious freedom.
- They said she died a martyr rather than deny her faith.
- Many soldiers in the story die martyrs for their homeland.
make a martyr of someone
1/mˈeɪk ə mˈɑɹtɚ əv sˈʌmwˌʌn/
fixed phrase
create a martyr by harsh treatment
To punish or attack someone so much that other people see that person as a brave martyr, which often gives their ideas more power.
Příklady
- If they arrest her, they'll only make a martyr of her.
- The government feared that executing the leader would make a martyr of him.
- Jailing the protesters made martyrs of them in the eyes of the public.
martyr complex
1/mˈɑɹtɚ kˈɑmplɛks/
fixed phrase
habit of acting like a martyr
A way of thinking where a person often feels or acts like a martyr, suffering or giving too much for others and wanting sympathy or praise.
Příklady
- He has a real martyr complex and refuses to let anyone help him.
- Her martyr complex makes relationships very difficult.
- Therapy helped her understand how her martyr complex was hurting her family.
play the martyr
1/plˈeɪ ðə mˈɑɹtɚ/
idiom
informal
act as if suffering for praise
To act like you suffer a lot or do a lot for others, so that people will feel sorry for you or think you are very good.
Příklady
- He's always playing the martyr about how much he works.
- Stop playing the martyr and just tell us what you really want.
- She played the martyr after cooking dinner, sighing loudly about how tired she was.