penalise
gb/pˈɛnəlɪs/ us/pˈɛnəlɪs/
B2
Angličtina
megbüntet, szankcionál, hátrányosan érint, hátrányba hoz, büntet, büntetést ítél
SLOVESO
C1
FORMAL
1
megbüntet
B1
szankcionál
C1
Vzorec užití:
penalise [someone] for [something]/for [doing something]
The regulator can penalise firms that fail to protect customer data.
A szabályozó hatóság megbüntetheti azokat a vállalatokat, amelyek nem védik megfelelően az ügyféladatokat.
Drivers may be penalised for using a phone while at the wheel.
A járművezetőket megbüntethetik, ha vezetés közben telefont használnak.
The policy penalises landlords who ignore safety rules.
Učební příklady
You will be penalised for cheating.
Meg fognak büntetni csalásért.
The company was penalised for breaking the law.
A céget megbüntették, mert megszegte a törvényt.
Častá chyba:
In American English the usual spelling is penalize. Don’t confuse penalise with "criticise" (it implies an official penalty).
Význam
punish with an official penalty
Kolokace
penalise someone for speeding
|penalise illegal behaviour
|penalise non-compliance
|penalise companies
|penalise offenders
|penalise rule-breaking
|penalise violations
|penalise misconduct
|penalise severely
|penalise heavily
Synonyma
punish (More general; penalise suggests a formal or rule-based penalty.)
|
sanction (Often used in official or political contexts; can be broader than a single penalty.)
|
fine (More specific: penalise can involve penalties other than money.)
Antonyma
reward (Gives a benefit rather than a penalty.)
|
pardon (Officially forgives instead of punishing.)
Témata
law
|rules
|government
|justice
Definice
To officially punish someone for doing something wrong.
To punish someone for breaking a rule or law by imposing a penalty such as a fine, restriction, or other formal sanction.
SLOVESO
C1
FORMAL
2
Vzorec užití:
penalise [someone/something] (by [doing something])
The new tax rules penalise people who save for retirement.
Az új adószabályok hátrányosan érintik azokat, akik nyugdíjra takarékoskodnak.
A rigid attendance policy can penalise students with chronic illness.
A merev jelenléti szabályzat hátrányosan érintheti a krónikus beteg diákokat.
High fees penalise smaller suppliers who can’t negotiate discounts.
Učební příklady
This rule penalises part-time workers.
Ez a szabály hátrányosan érinti a részmunkaidős dolgozókat.
Častá chyba:
Penalise does not always mean an intentional punishment; it can mean a rule or situation disadvantages someone.
Význam
put at a disadvantage
Kolokace
penalise low-income families
|penalise small businesses
|penalise remote workers
|penalise applicants
|penalise students
|penalise people with disabilities
|penalise older people
|penalise the poor
|unfairly penalise
|effectively penalise
Synonyma
disadvantage (Neutral term; penalise suggests the disadvantage comes from a rule, system, or consequence.)
|
handicap (Often implies making progress harder; can sound less formal and may be sensitive in some contexts.)
Antonyma
advantage (Gives someone a helpful benefit.)
|
favour (Treats someone more positively than others.)
Témata
business
|society
|education
|inequality
Definice
To make things harder for someone, so they are less likely to succeed.
To put someone or something at a disadvantage, especially by making a system, rule, or situation harder for them than for others.
SLOVESO
B2
3
büntet
B1
Vzorec užití:
penalise [someone/a team] for [something]
The referee penalised the defender for a late challenge.
A játékvezető büntette a védőt a késői belépőért.
The team was penalised for repeated infringements at the breakdown.
A csapatot a rucknál elkövetett ismételt szabálytalanságok miatt büntették.
She was penalised for stepping out of bounds.
Učební příklady
The referee penalised him for a foul.
A játékvezető szabálytalanságért büntette.
Častá chyba:
Don’t confuse penalise (give a penalty) with "criticise" (say something is bad).
Význam
give a sports penalty
Kolokace
penalise a player
|penalise a team
|penalise for offside
|penalise for handball
|penalise for a foul
|penalise for dangerous play
|penalise for holding
|wrongly penalise
|penalise immediately
|penalise consistently
Synonyma
call a foul on (Common in some sports; less formal and more sport-specific.)
|
dock (Often used for points or time penalties; less general than penalise.)
Antonyma
let off (Chooses not to give a penalty.)
Témata
sports
|rules
Definice
In sport, to give a penalty because a rule was broken.
In sport, to punish a player or team for breaking the rules by awarding a penalty, such as a free kick, penalty kick, time penalty, or points deduction.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
penalise
IPA
GB/pˈɛnəlɪs/
US/pˈɛnəlɪs/
Slabiky a přízvuk
pen - al - ise (3 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (pen)
Tvary slova
Verb
- Base: penalise
- 3rd Person Singular: penalises
- Present Participle: penalising
- Past: penalised
Příbuzná slova
Výrazy
be penalised for (doing) something
1/bˈi pˈɛnəlɪsd fɚ dˈuɪŋ sˈʌmθɪŋ/
fixed phrase
formal
receive a penalty for something
To get a penalty because of something you did.
Příklady
- You may be penalised for submitting the form late.
- The driver was penalised for speeding in a school zone.
- Several players were penalised for offside.
Učební příklady
- Students are penalised for cheating.
penalise someone with a fine/points deduction
1/pˈɛnəlɪs sˈʌmwˌʌn wˈɪθ ə fˈaɪnpˈɔɪnts dɪdˈʌkʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
punish by giving a specific penalty
To punish someone by giving them a specific penalty, like a fine.
Příklady
- The club was penalised with a points deduction for breaking spending rules.
- The court penalised him with a heavy fine.
- The airline may be penalised with further sanctions if it ignores the ruling.
Učební příklady
- The company was penalised with a fine.