specimen
gb/spˈɛsəmən/ us/spˈɛsəmən/
B2
Angličtina
minta, példány, preparátum
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B2
1
minta
B1
Vzorec užití:
a specimen of [substance]; provide/collect/submit a specimen
The nurse asked me to provide a urine specimen.
A nővér megkért, hogy adjak vizeletmintát.
The lab rejected the specimen because the container wasn’t sealed properly.
A labor nem fogadta el a mintát, mert a tartály nem volt megfelelően lezárva.
They tested the water specimen for bacteria.
Učební příklady
I gave a blood specimen at the clinic.
Vérmintát adtam a rendelőben.
This specimen is for a lab test.
Ez a minta laborvizsgálathoz kell.
Častá chyba:
In everyday English, use specimen mainly for samples sent for testing (blood, urine, tissue), not for any random “example.”
Význam
sample taken for testing
Kolokace
blood specimen
|urine specimen
|tissue specimen
|stool specimen
|specimen container
|collect a specimen
|provide a specimen
|submit a specimen
|label the specimen
|specimen analysis
Synonyma
sample (More general; specimen is common in labs and medicine.)
|
test sample (Emphasizes that it is for testing.)
Antonyma
whole (A specimen is only a small part or amount, not the entire thing.)
Témata
health
|science
|medicine
Definice
A sample that is taken for a test.
A small amount of a substance or material taken so it can be tested or examined, especially in medicine or science.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
B2
2
minta
A2
Vzorec užití:
a specimen of [something]; as a specimen of [something]
This letter is a specimen of the tone we want to use with customers.
Ez a levél annak a hangnemnek a mintája, amelyet az ügyfelekkel használni szeretnénk.
They asked for a specimen of his handwriting for comparison.
Összehasonlításhoz kézírásmintát kértek tőle.
As a specimen of clear reporting, the article is hard to beat.
Učební příklady
She showed me a specimen of her work.
Megmutatott egy mintát a munkájából.
I sent a specimen of my handwriting.
Elküldtem egy kézírásmintát.
Častá chyba:
Don’t use specimen when you simply mean “person” or “customer”; it usually means an example chosen to show typical features.
Význam
representative example of something
Kolokace
a specimen of writing
|a specimen of work
|a specimen of modern architecture
|a specimen of good practice
|a fine specimen
|a rare specimen
|a perfect specimen
|as a specimen of
|provide a specimen
|send a specimen
Synonyma
example (Most common general word.)
|
instance (Often used for a particular case or occurrence.)
|
illustration (Emphasizes showing or demonstrating a point.)
Antonyma
exception (An exception does not represent the usual type.)
Témata
education
|communication
Definice
An example that shows what something is like.
An example of something that shows what the whole group, type, or quality is like; a representative instance.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C1
TECHNICAL
3
példány
B2
preparátum
C1
Vzorec užití:
a specimen of [species]; preserve/label/display a specimen
The entomologist added the insect specimen to the collection.
Az entomológus a gyűjteménybe tette a rovarpéldányt.
The museum displayed bird specimens from the Arctic.
A múzeum sarkvidéki madárpéldányokat állított ki.
This fossil specimen was discovered during a desert survey.
Učební příklady
The scientist studied a plant specimen.
A tudós egy növénypéldányt vizsgált.
The museum has many specimens.
A múzeumban sok példány található.
Význam
collected organism for study
Kolokace
preserved specimen
|museum specimen
|insect specimen
|plant specimen
|fossil specimen
|specimen label
|specimen drawer
|specimen collection
|handle specimens
|examine specimens
Synonyma
organism (General term; does not imply it was collected/preserved.)
|
sample (Less specific; can be any material, not necessarily an organism.)
Témata
science
|nature
|education
Definice
A plant or animal kept for scientific study.
A plant, animal, fossil, or part of one that is collected and preserved for scientific study or display.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C1
INFORMAL
4
példány
C1
Vzorec užití:
(quite) a specimen; a specimen of a/an [type]
He arrived in a cape and sunglasses—he’s quite a specimen.
Köpenyben és napszemüvegben érkezett - ő aztán egy példány.
You meet some real specimens when you work the late shift.
Az ember aztán mindenféle példánnyal találkozik, ha éjszakai műszakban dolgozik.
I wouldn’t ask that specimen for advice.
Učební příklady
He is quite a specimen.
Ő aztán egy példány.
We met some strange specimens.
Találkoztunk néhány furcsa példánnyal.
Častá chyba:
This use can sound rude; it’s often teasing or critical.
Význam
unusual person (often humorous)
Kolokace
quite a specimen
|a strange specimen
|a real specimen
|a funny specimen
|an odd specimen
|a fine specimen
|some specimen
|what a specimen
Synonyma
character (Often friendly or humorous; less clinical.)
|
oddball (More clearly negative and informal.)
Antonyma
ordinary person (Someone typical and not unusual.)
Témata
people
|social_life
Definice
An unusual person (often said as a joke).
A person seen as a striking example of a particular type, often said humorously or critically.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
specimen
IPA
GB/spˈɛsəmən/
US/spˈɛsəmən/
Slabiky a přízvuk
spe - ci - men (3 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (spe)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: specimen
- Plural: specimens
Výrazy
quite a specimen
1/kwˈaɪt ə spˈɛsəmən/
idiom
informal
an unusual person
We say this when someone is unusual (often as a joke).
Příklady
- With that bright green suit, he’s quite a specimen.
- She’s quite a specimen—she can talk anyone into anything.
- The new manager is quite a specimen, isn’t he?
Učební příklady
- He’s quite a specimen.
- She’s quite a specimen.
specimen copy
1/spˈɛsəmən kˈɑpi/
fixed phrase
business
free sample copy
A free sample copy of a magazine or book.
Příklady
- They sent me a specimen copy of the magazine.
- Request a specimen copy before you subscribe.
- The publisher offered a specimen copy to schools.
Učební příklady
- I received a specimen copy.
- They sent a specimen copy of the magazine.
specimen signature
1/spˈɛsəmən sˈɪɡnət͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
formal
signature kept for verification
A signature used as an official example.
Příklady
- The bank asked for a specimen signature when I opened the account.
- They compared the form against her specimen signature on file.
- Keep the specimen signature with the account documents.
Učební příklady
- The bank took my specimen signature.
type specimen
1/tˈaɪp spˈɛsəmən/
fixed phrase
technical
reference example for a species
The main example used to define a species.
Příklady
- The type specimen is stored in the national museum.
- Researchers re-examined the type specimen to confirm the identification.
- Without the type specimen, the classification is harder to verify.