temperance
gb/tˈɛmpɚəns/ us/tˈɛmpɚəns/
C1
Angličtina
~ 9200
mértékletesség, önmérséklet, alkoholabsztinencia, absztinencia
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C1
FORMAL
1
önmérséklet
C1
Vzorec užití:
[someone] shows temperance in [activity]
She handled the criticism with temperance, choosing her words carefully instead of reacting in anger.
Mértékletességgel fogadta a kritikát: gondosan válogatta meg a szavait, ahelyett hogy dühösen reagált volna.
In his speech, the coach urged temperance on social media, reminding players not to post in the heat of the moment.
Beszédében az edző mértéktartásra intett a közösségi médiában, emlékeztetve a játékosokat, hogy ne az indulat hevében posztoljanak.
A life of temperance and steady work eventually brought them financial security.
They admired his temperance in food and money, never taking more than he needed.
The philosopher wrote that happiness depends on temperance rather than constant pleasure.
Učební příklady
He eats with temperance and never overeats.
Mértékletesen eszik, és soha nem eszi túl magát.
The teacher showed temperance and did not shout at the noisy class.
A tanár önmérsékletet tanúsított, és nem kiabált rá a hangoskodó osztályra.
My father believes in temperance in work, rest, and fun.
Temperance can help you make better decisions.
She learned temperance and now spends her money carefully.
Častá chyba:
Learners often think 'temperance' is ONLY about alcohol because of historical usage. In modern English it can mean general moderation and self-control in many areas (food, speech, money, emotions). Another confusion is with 'temper' or 'temperature'; these are different words with different meanings.
Význam
moderation and self-control in behavior
Kolokace
show temperance
|practice temperance
|a virtue of temperance
|call for temperance
|lack of temperance
|temperance in all things
Synonyma
moderation (More common and neutral; focuses on avoiding extremes without the moral or formal tone that 'temperance' can have.)
|
self-restraint (Stresses actively holding yourself back; slightly more personal and psychological than the broad moral tone of 'temperance'.)
|
self-control (Everyday, neutral term; less formal and moral-sounding than 'temperance'.)
Antonyma
excess (Highlights doing too much of something, which temperance specifically avoids.)
|
indulgence (Emphasizes freely giving in to desires rather than limiting them.)
Témata
ethics
|character
|daily life
|emotions
|core_vocabulary
Definice
The habit of not doing too much of anything and keeping good control over what you do, say, or eat and drink.
The quality of controlling your desires and actions, especially by avoiding extremes and not doing things in an excessive way.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C1
FORMAL
2
Vzorec užití:
[someone] supports temperance in alcohol use
Her grandparents met at a local temperance society that opposed the sale of alcohol in their town.
A nagyszülei egy helyi józansági egyesületben ismerkedtek meg, amely ellenezte az alkohol árusítását a városukban.
The politician’s call for temperance in drinking was unpopular with the bar owners.
A politikus alkoholtól való tartózkodásra buzdító felhívása népszerűtlen volt a bártulajdonosok körében.
In the late nineteenth century, the temperance movement gained significant influence in national politics.
The church promoted temperance, encouraging members to avoid bars and strong drink.
He grew up in a strict temperance household where alcohol was never allowed.
Učební příklady
Many people joined the temperance movement to fight alcohol.
Sokan csatlakoztak a józansági mozgalomhoz, hogy fellépjenek az alkoholfogyasztás ellen.
His parents taught temperance and kept no wine at home.
A szülei az alkoholtól való tartózkodásra nevelték, és nem tartottak bort otthon.
Some groups still speak about temperance and the danger of heavy drinking.
The book tells the story of a woman who leads a temperance campaign.
In that town, temperance was part of the local culture.
Častá chyba:
Learners may overgeneralize this sense and think 'temperance' always means ‘no alcohol’. In some texts it means total abstinence from alcohol; in others it allows small amounts. Context often makes this clear. Also, do not say *'make a temperance'*; use phrases like 'support temperance', 'promote temperance', or 'practice temperance'.
Význam
abstinence or moderation in alcohol use
Kolokace
the temperance movement
|temperance society
|temperance campaign
|preach temperance
|temperance advocate
|total temperance
Synonyma
abstinence (Often used for completely avoiding alcohol or sex; somewhat broader but frequently used in the same context.)
|
sobriety (Focuses on not being drunk or not using alcohol or drugs, sometimes after addiction, rather than the moral or political side.)
Antonyma
drunkenness (Directly contrasts with temperance regarding alcohol, describing the state of being drunk.)
|
intemperance (Formal opposite that means lack of moderation, especially in alcohol or other physical pleasures.)
Témata
health
|addiction
|religion
|history
|relationships
|core_vocabulary
Definice
The idea or practice of not drinking alcohol, or drinking very little, often for moral, religious, or health reasons.
The practice or principle of not drinking alcohol, or of drinking it only in very small amounts, often as part of an organized moral or social movement.
PODSTATNÉ JMÉNO
C2
FORMAL
3
Vzorec užití:
temperance is considered a [adjective] virtue
In classical thought, temperance is one of the four cardinal virtues, guiding the proper use of bodily pleasures.
A klasszikus gondolkodásban a mértékletesség a négy sarkalatos erény egyike, amely a testi örömök helyes használatát irányítja.
The monk spoke about temperance as an inner freedom rather than a list of strict rules.
A szerzetes úgy beszélt a mértékletességről, mint belső szabadságról, nem pedig szigorú szabályok listájáról.
Many religious traditions praise temperance, urging believers to control their appetites and passions.
The course on Christian ethics explored how temperance shapes a balanced spiritual life.
For Aristotle, temperance helps a person desire the right things in the right way and at the right time.
Učební příklady
In this church, people learn about temperance as a virtue.
Ebben a gyülekezetben az emberek a mértékletességről mint erényről tanulnak.
The book says that temperance helps you use food and drink in a good way.
A könyv szerint a mértékletesség segít abban, hogy helyesen élj az étellel és itallal.
We studied temperance, justice, courage, and wisdom in our philosophy class.
Some religions teach temperance so people can control their strong desires.
The teacher asked, “What does temperance mean for our daily life?”
Častá chyba:
Learners may not realize that in theology and philosophy, 'temperance' is a technical name for a cardinal virtue, not just a general idea of self-control. In this context it often appears with the other virtues 'prudence, justice, and fortitude'.
Význam
cardinal virtue of moderation
Kolokace
the virtue of temperance
|prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance
|cardinal virtue of temperance
|Christian temperance
|teach temperance as a virtue
Synonyma
moderation (General term; in philosophical or religious contexts it can overlap strongly with 'temperance' but lacks the specific cardinal-virtue label.)
|
self-discipline (Highlights active training and control of desires; slightly more practical and less doctrinal than 'temperance' as a virtue.)
Antonyma
licentiousness (In moral and religious writing, this indicates giving in freely to physical and sexual desires, which temperance resists.)
|
gluttony (A traditional sin of eating and drinking too much, which temperance is meant to prevent.)
Témata
religion
|philosophy
|ethics
|education
Definice
In religious or moral writing, a main virtue that means always controlling your wishes for pleasure, like food, drink, and sex, in a wise way.
In philosophy and theology, one of the cardinal virtues, referring to the habitual control and moderation of physical desires and pleasures according to reason.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
temperance
IPA
GB/tˈɛmpɚəns/
US/tˈɛmpɚəns/
Slabiky a přízvuk
tem - per - ance (3 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (tem)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: temperance
- Plural: temperance
Příbuzná slova
Výrazy
temperance in all things
1/tˈɛmpɚəns ˈɪn ˈɔl θˈɪŋz/
fixed phrase
formal
principle of universal moderation
The idea that in every part of life you should avoid doing too much or too little and stay in the middle.
Příklady
- Her motto was temperance in all things, from food and drink to work and rest.
- The article argued for temperance in all things, warning against both laziness and overwork.
temperance society
1/tˈɛmpɚəns səsˈaɪəti/
fixed phrase
organization promoting abstinence from alcohol
A group or club that works to stop or limit the use of alcohol.
Příklady
- In the late nineteenth century, almost every town had at least one temperance society.
- His grandfather joined a temperance society after losing his job because of drinking.
the temperance movement
1/ðə tˈɛmpɚəns mˈuvmənt/
fixed phrase
historical anti-alcohol social movement
A social and political campaign, especially in the 1800s and early 1900s, that tried to stop or greatly reduce the drinking of alcohol.
Příklady
- The temperance movement played a major role in bringing about Prohibition in the United States.
- Women were often leaders in the temperance movement, arguing that alcohol harmed families.