absorption
gb/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/ us/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/
B2
Angličtina
~ 9700
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
technical
B2
action
1
process of taking in substances or energy
The process when something like water, gas, light, or sound goes into another thing and is held inside it.
Vzorec užití:
the absorption of [substance/energy] by [material]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse "absorption" with the incorrect form *"absorbation". Use the noun "absorption" for the process, and the verb "absorb" for the action (e.g., "the absorption of water" vs. "the cloth absorbs water"). Another common confusion is between "absorption" and the technical term "adsorption"; in everyday English, "absorption" is almost always the correct choice.
Synonyma
uptake (Often used in scientific or medical contexts, especially for how the body takes in nutrients or drugs.)
|
soaking up (More informal and usually used for liquids being taken in by a solid, like a sponge or cloth.)
Antonyma
emission (Refers to something (like light, heat, or gas) being sent out rather than taken in.)
|
release (General word for letting a substance or energy go out instead of drawing it in.)
Kolokace
water absorption
|nutrient absorption
|absorption of light
|absorption of heat
|high absorption rate
|absorption capacity
Témata
science
|health
|environment
|nature
Příklady
- The sponge showed rapid absorption of water during the test.
- Sunscreen reduces the skin’s absorption of harmful ultraviolet radiation.
- Iron absorption in the body can be affected by the foods you eat.
- Double glazing improves the absorption of sound from outside traffic.
- The dark surface increases the absorption of heat from the sun.
Učební příklady
- The towel’s absorption of water is very strong.
- Plants depend on the absorption of light for photosynthesis.
- Calcium absorption is important for healthy bones.
- This material has low absorption of sound.
- The doctor explained that alcohol absorption is faster on an empty stomach.
Podstatné jméno
C1
state
2
state of being deeply engrossed
A state in which you are so interested in or busy with something that you do not notice other things around you.
Vzorec užití:
absorption in [activity/thought/work]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse this meaning with the physical process of taking in liquids or light. When "absorption" is followed by "in" plus an activity (e.g., "absorption in her work"), it usually refers to mental focus, not a physical process.
Synonyma
engrossment (Very close in meaning, but slightly more formal and less common in everyday speech.)
|
immersion (Often suggests very deep involvement, sometimes with learning or experience, not just momentary focus.)
Antonyma
distraction (Refers to attention being pulled away from something, the opposite of full focus.)
|
detachment (Suggests emotional or mental distance, rather than being deeply involved.)
Kolokace
complete absorption
|total absorption
|absorption in work
|absorption in thought
|absorption in a book
Témata
emotions
|mental processes
|core_vocabulary
Příklady
- Her absorption in the novel was so intense that she missed her stop.
- His total absorption in work has started to affect his family life.
- The teacher admired the children’s absorption in the science experiment.
- Meditation can bring a calm absorption in the present moment.
- He listened with such absorption that the room went silent around him.
Učební příklady
- Her absorption in the game was very clear.
- Because of his absorption in his job, he forgot to eat lunch.
- The child’s absorption in the movie surprised his parents.
- I like the quiet absorption in the library.
- Their absorption in the project lasted all weekend.
unknown
formal
C1
action
3
incorporation into a larger whole
The process when a smaller group, company, or area becomes part of a bigger one and is no longer separate.
Vzorec užití:
absorption of [group/organization/area] into [larger body]
Častá chyba:
Learners may mix this sense with the physical meaning. In this sense, "absorption" usually refers to groups, companies, or cultures, not liquids or light. Look for objects like "company", "village", or "refugees" to identify this meaning.
Synonyma
assimilation (Often used for cultural or social contexts, with more focus on people adopting new habits or values.)
|
incorporation (A legal or formal term for making something part of a larger body, especially in business and law.)
Antonyma
separation (General opposite process where things that were together are split apart.)
|
independence (Focuses on remaining separate and self-governing instead of being taken into a larger body.)
Kolokace
absorption into
|absorption of smaller firms
|absorption of refugees
|absorption of new members
|cultural absorption
Témata
politics
|business
|society
|relationships
Příklady
- The absorption of smaller companies into large multinationals has transformed the industry.
- The policy aims at the gradual absorption of refugees into the local labor market.
- Historians still debate the absorption of the region into the Roman Empire.
- Rapid urban growth led to the absorption of nearby villages into the city.
- The union resisted the proposed absorption of its members into a new organization.
Učební příklady
- The absorption of the small town into the city changed local life.
- Many people worry about the absorption of local culture into global culture.
- The absorption of the startup into a big company brought more rules.
- The plan includes the absorption of new workers into the main team.
- The absorption of new members into the club took several months.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C2
action
4
including indirect costs in product cost
In accounting, the way a company puts part of its general costs (like rent and utilities) into the cost of each product or service.
Vzorec užití:
absorption of [costs/overheads] into [product cost/prices]
Častá chyba:
Learners may think "absorption" here still refers to a physical process. In business texts, when it appears next to words like "costing", "overhead", or "fixed costs", it refers to an accounting method, not liquids or light.
Synonyma
allocation (A broader accounting term; "absorption" is a specific way of allocating indirect costs into product costs.)
Antonyma
direct costing (An accounting method that does not absorb all fixed overheads into product cost, contrasting with absorption-based methods.)
Kolokace
absorption costing
|cost absorption
|overhead absorption
|full absorption
|absorption of fixed costs
Témata
business
|finance
Příklady
- Under absorption costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is included in the cost of each unit produced.
- The company reviewed its absorption of overheads to improve pricing accuracy.
- Poor cost absorption led to serious underpricing of several product lines.
- Changes in production volume can affect the absorption of fixed costs.
- Auditors questioned the firm’s method of absorption of administrative expenses.
Učební příklady
- In this course we study absorption of overheads in product cost.
- Absorption costing includes all factory costs in the unit cost.
- The manager checked the absorption of fixed costs into each product.
- Bad cost absorption can make a product look cheaper than it really is.
- The accountant explained how absorption of overhead works.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
absorption
IPA
GB/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/
US/əbzˈɔɹpʃən/
Slabiky a přízvuk
ab - sorp - tion (3 slabiky)
Stress on 2nd syllable (sorp)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: absorption
- Plural: absorption, absorptions
Příbuzná slova
Forms
absorptions
noun
Core family
absorb
verb A2
absorbent
adjective
Related words
absorbing
adjective
absorber
noun
absorbency
noun
Negative and opposite forms
nonabsorbent
adjective
Advanced or less common
absorptive
adjective
absorbable
adjective
Výrazy
absorption band
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən bˈænd/
fixed phrase
technical
range of wavelengths with strong absorption
A small range of light (or other radiation) where a substance takes in a lot of energy.
Příklady
- Water vapor has a strong absorption band in the infrared region.
- The sensor is designed to measure light in the absorption band of ozone.
- Each absorption band provides information about the molecule’s structure.
absorption capacity
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən kəpˈæsɪti/
fixed phrase
technical
maximum amount that can be absorbed
The largest amount or rate that something can take in, such as water, money, or people.
Příklady
- The soil’s absorption capacity is too low to handle heavy rainfall.
- The city has reached its absorption capacity for new residents this year.
- Government agencies assessed the country’s absorption capacity for foreign investment.
absorption coefficient
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən kˌoʊəfˈɪʃənt/
fixed phrase
technical
measure of how strongly something absorbs
A number that shows how strongly a material takes in light, sound, or other energy when it passes through it.
Příklady
- Engineers used the absorption coefficient of the wall panels to design the concert hall’s acoustics.
- The absorption coefficient of the dye increases at shorter wavelengths.
- Accurate values of the absorption coefficient are essential for the model.
absorption costing
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən kˈɔstɪŋ/
fixed phrase
technical
accounting method including all costs
An accounting method where a company puts all its production costs, including fixed overhead, into the cost of its products.
Příklady
- Under absorption costing, fixed factory overhead is spread across all units produced.
- The report compares absorption costing with variable costing to show profit differences.
- Many companies use absorption costing to meet external reporting standards.
absorption rate
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
speed at which something is absorbed
How fast or how much in a certain time something (like a drug, liquid, or information) is taken in by something else.
Příklady
- The doctor adjusted the dose because the patient’s absorption rate of the drug was unusually low.
- High humidity can slow the absorption rate of water into dry soil.
- Investors are watching the market’s absorption rate of new housing units.
absorption spectrum
1/əbzˈɔɹpʃən spˈɛktɹəm/
fixed phrase
technical
pattern of light wavelengths absorbed
The set of light colors (wavelengths) that a substance takes in, shown as a pattern for scientific study.
Příklady
- Each element has a unique absorption spectrum that helps scientists identify it in stars.
- The absorption spectrum of the pigment peaks in the blue region.
- Students compared the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll with the emission spectrum of a lamp.