crude
gb/kɹˈud/ us/kɹˈud/
B2
Angličtina
~ 10000
Významy
0 významů
adjective
B2
property
1
rude or offensive in style
rude and not polite, especially when talking about sex or the body in a way that many people find ugly or dirty.
Vzorec užití:
[someone] makes a crude [remark/joke/comment]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse 'crude' with 'rude'. Both can describe bad behavior, but 'crude' often focuses more on sexual or dirty topics and low taste, while 'rude' is more general for impolite behavior. Also, 'cruel' (meaning unkind or causing pain) is sometimes confused with 'crude' because they look similar, but they are unrelated in meaning.
Synonyma
vulgar (Stronger moral judgment; often suggests low taste or bad manners.)
|
coarse (Emphasizes lack of refinement or delicacy; slightly more formal than 'crude'.)
|
obscene (Legally or morally very offensive, usually strongly sexual; stronger than 'crude'.)
Antonyma
polite (Shows good manners and avoids language that could offend.)
|
refined (Carefully polite and cultured; the opposite of rough or crude behavior and language.)
Kolokace
crude joke
|crude remark
|crude language
|crude humor
|crude insult
Témata
social
|emotions
|communication
Příklady
- He was fired after making a series of crude jokes about his coworkers.
- The movie was full of crude language that many viewers found unnecessary.
- She walked out of the meeting when someone made a crude remark about her appearance.
- Teenagers sometimes think crude humor is funnier than it really is.
- The ad was banned because of its crude and sexist images.
Učební příklady
- He told a crude joke, and some people were angry.
- That TV show uses very crude language.
- She does not like crude humor.
- He made a crude comment about her body.
- The boss said crude jokes are not okay at work.
unknown
B2
property
2
simple, roughly made, not exact
very simple and not finished or exact; only giving a basic idea.
Vzorec užití:
a crude [drawing/estimate/model/tool]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes think 'crude' always means 'dirty' or 'sexual' because of its rude-language sense. In this meaning, 'crude' is closer to 'rough' or 'simple' and can be used in neutral, technical, or positive contexts (for example, a 'crude model' in early research is normal and not offensive).
Synonyma
rough (Very close in meaning, especially for early versions or quick work; often interchangeable with 'crude'.)
|
basic (Focuses on the simple level, but not always on poor quality like 'crude' can.)
|
primitive (Suggests something is very early or undeveloped, often more extreme than 'crude'.)
Antonyma
sophisticated (Highly developed or advanced, the opposite of simple and crude.)
|
precise (Very exact and detailed, the opposite of a crude or approximate version.)
Kolokace
crude drawing
|crude sketch
|crude estimate
|crude model
|crude tool
Témata
science
|work
|art
|core_vocabulary
Příklady
- This is just a crude sketch to show you the idea.
- The researchers used a crude model to predict the spread of the disease.
- We only have a crude estimate of the total cost at this stage.
- Early telescopes were crude tools compared to the ones we use today.
- The map is quite crude, but it should be enough to guide us.
Učební příklady
- He drew a crude map on a napkin.
- This is a crude plan, but it shows the main idea.
- We made a crude estimate of the price.
- The first machine was very crude and slow.
- This chart is crude, but we can see the trend.
adjective
technical
B2
property
3
in a natural, unrefined state
not cleaned, not made pure, or not changed by a factory process; in its natural form.
Vzorec užití:
crude [oil/sugar/metal/materials]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse this technical meaning of 'crude' with the rude-language meaning. When you see 'crude' before words like 'oil', 'sugar', or 'metal', it almost always means 'unprocessed', not 'offensive'.
Synonyma
unrefined (Very close technical synonym when talking about materials that have not been processed.)
|
raw (Common word meaning not processed or cooked; broader and less technical than 'crude'.)
Antonyma
refined (Describes materials that have been purified or processed, directly opposite to 'crude' in this sense.)
|
processed (Emphasizes that a material has gone through industrial treatment or changes.)
Kolokace
crude oil
|crude sugar
|crude metal
|crude materials
|crude petroleum
Témata
science
|industry
|environment
Příklady
- Crude oil is transported by tanker to refineries around the world.
- The factory buys crude sugar and processes it into white table sugar.
- This plant extracts crude metals from ore before they are further purified.
- The region is rich in crude petroleum and natural gas.
- Environmental groups are worried about a possible spill of crude oil along the coast.
Učební příklady
- Crude oil comes from deep under the ground.
- The company imports crude sugar and cleans it.
- They heat the crude oil in a big tower.
- We saw a ship carrying crude oil.
- Crude metal must be cleaned before use.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
entity
4
unrefined petroleum as a product
oil that comes from the ground and has not been made into gasoline or other products yet.
Vzorec užití:
to ship/sell/buy crude
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes think 'crude' as a noun can mean any raw material. In modern English, the noun 'crude' almost always refers specifically to crude oil, not to other raw products.
Synonyma
petroleum (More formal and scientific; not always limited to the unrefined product like 'crude' in this noun use.)
Antonyma
refined oil (Oil that has been processed into usable products like gasoline or diesel, contrasting with unprocessed crude.)
Kolokace
barrel of crude
|ship crude
|crude prices
|light sweet crude
|produce crude
Témata
business
|energy
|economics
|science
|finance
Příklady
- The price of crude rose sharply after the conflict began.
- This region produces about one million barrels of crude per day.
- The pipeline is designed to carry crude from the oil fields to the refinery.
- They decided to cut back on imports of foreign crude.
- New sanctions could limit the country's ability to sell its crude overseas.
Učební příklady
- The country sells crude to many other countries.
- A barrel of crude is very expensive this year.
- The ship is full of crude.
- They send the crude to a refinery to make fuel.
- The price of crude can change every day.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
crude
IPA
GB/kɹˈud/
US/kɹˈud/
Slabiky a přízvuk
crude (1 slabika)
Stress on 1st syllable (crude)
Tvary slova
Adjective
- Base: crude
- Comparative: cruder
- Superlative: crudest
Noun
- Base: crude
- Plural: crudes
Příbuzná slova
Forms
crudes
noun
cruder
adjective
crudest
adjective
Core family
crudely
adverb B2
crudeness
noun
Related words
crudity
noun
Negative and opposite forms
refined
adjective
Výrazy
crude birth rate
1/kɹˈud bˈɚθ ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
basic measure of births in a population
a simple measure in population studies that shows how many babies are born in a year for every 1,000 people.
Příklady
- The country's crude birth rate has been falling for the past decade.
- Researchers compared crude birth rates across several regions.
crude death rate
1/kɹˈud dˈɛθ ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
basic measure of deaths in a population
a simple measure in population studies that shows how many people die in a year for every 1,000 people.
Příklady
- Improvements in healthcare have reduced the crude death rate.
- The report includes data on crude death rates from 1950 to 2020.
crude estimate
1/kɹˈud ˈɛstɪmɪt/
fixed phrase
rough, not exact estimate
a number or guess that is only basic and not exact or carefully calculated.
Příklady
- A crude estimate suggests that repairs will cost around $10,000.
- We only have a crude estimate of how many people will attend the event.
crude humor
1/kɹˈud hjˈumɚ/
fixed phrase
informal
rude or dirty style of humor
jokes and funny stories that are rude, dirty, or sexual and may offend some people.
Příklady
- The show is known for its crude humor and strong language.
- Not everyone enjoys crude humor, especially in a work environment.
crude joke
1/kɹˈud d͡ʒˈoʊk/
fixed phrase
informal
offensive or dirty joke
a joke that is rude and often about sex or the body, which can easily upset people.
Příklady
- He got into trouble at work for telling a crude joke during a meeting.
- She hates it when people make crude jokes in front of children.
crude language
1/kɹˈud lˈæŋɡwɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
rude or dirty way of speaking
words that are rude, dirty, or sexual, and that many people do not like to hear.
Příklady
- The film contains a lot of crude language and is not suitable for children.
- Teachers asked students to avoid crude language during the school trip.
crude oil
1/kɹˈud ˈɔɪl/
fixed phrase
technical
oil in its natural form
oil that comes from under the ground and has not been cleaned or changed in a factory yet.
Příklady
- Most crude oil is transported by large tankers or pipelines.
- The country depends heavily on exports of crude oil to support its economy.
crude remark
1/kɹˈud ɹɪmˈɑɹk/
fixed phrase
rude or offensive comment
a rude comment, often about sex or someone’s body, that many people find ugly or not polite.
Příklady
- He made a crude remark about her clothes and later had to apologize.
- Crude remarks like that are not acceptable in a professional setting.