Angličtina

downwards

gb/dˈaʊnwɚdz/ us/dˈaʊnwɚdz/
A2 Angličtina
Významy
0 významů
adverb A2 relation
1

toward a lower position

moving to a lower place

Vzorec užití: [something] moves/falls/slides downwards
Častá chyba:
Don’t use *downwards* as an adjective before a noun (use *downward* or *down*).
Synonyma
down (More common and shorter in everyday speech.) | downward (Often used in more formal or technical writing; also an adjective.)
Antonyma
upwards (Toward a higher position.) | up (More common everyday opposite.)
Kolokace
fall downwards |move downwards |slide downwards |flow downwards |sink downwards |drop downwards |drift downwards |pull downwards |push downwards |travel downwards
Témata
space |movement |daily_life
Příklady
  • The elevator suddenly jerked downwards.
  • Rainwater flows downwards into the drain.
  • The kite dipped downwards and then rose again.
Učební příklady
  • The ball rolled downwards.
  • She walked downwards to the river.
adverb B1 relation
2

facing toward the ground

toward the ground; not up

Vzorec užití: point/tilt/angle/look downwards
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use *downwards* where *down* is more natural (e.g., 'look down' is more common than 'look downwards').
Synonyma
down (More idiomatic in many verb phrases (look down, point down).)
Antonyma
upwards (Directed toward the sky or top.)
Kolokace
look downwards |stare downwards |glance downwards |point downwards |tilt downwards |angle downwards |face downwards |direct downwards |bend downwards |hang downwards
Témata
space |body_language |instructions
Příklady
  • Point the flashlight downwards so you don’t shine it in anyone’s eyes.
  • He kept his head downwards, avoiding eye contact.
  • The camera is angled slightly downwards.
Učební příklady
  • Look downwards at your feet.
adverb B1 process
3

becoming lower or less

decreasing; going lower

Vzorec užití: [level/price/temperature] moves/trends downwards
Častá chyba:
Don’t confuse the adverb *downwards* with the adjective *downward* (e.g., 'a downward trend').
Synonyma
down (More common in speech (prices are down).) | downward (Often used in more formal reporting.)
Antonyma
upwards (Increasing; going higher.) | up (More common everyday opposite.)
Kolokace
trend downwards |move downwards |go downwards |shift downwards |revised downwards |adjusted downwards |pressure downwards |drift downwards |spiral downwards |slide downwards
Témata
numbers |business |weather
Příklady
  • House prices have been moving downwards for months.
  • The temperature is heading downwards tonight.
  • They revised the forecast downwards after the new data came in.
Učební příklady
  • The price is going downwards.
adverb B2 relation
4

including smaller numbers or ages

and smaller/younger than that

Vzorec užití: [number/age/amount] downwards
Častá chyba:
This use is common in British English; American English often prefers 'and under' or 'and below'.
Synonyma
and under (Very common alternative (especially AmE) with ages/limits.) | and below (Common in measurements and levels.)
Antonyma
upwards (That number and all higher/older ones.) | and over (Common opposite with ages/limits.)
Kolokace
ages 12 downwards |from 16 downwards |sizes 8 downwards |children 10 downwards |prices $50 downwards |weights 5 kg downwards |students 18 downwards
Témata
numbers |shopping |education
Příklady
  • The activity is suitable for children aged 8 downwards.
  • This size is available in 40 and downwards.
  • The offer applies to purchases of $100 downwards.
Učební příklady
  • It is for ages 12 downwards.
adverb formal C1 relation
5

from a time onward

from that time until later

Vzorec užití: from [time/period] downwards
Častá chyba:
This is much less common than 'from ... onwards' and can sound unnatural in everyday conversation.
Synonyma
onwards (More common and natural in modern usage ('from 2010 onwards').)
Antonyma
backwards (In the opposite direction in time or order.)
Kolokace
from the 1990s downwards |from the 18th century downwards |from the early 2000s downwards |from 2010 downwards
Témata
time |history |writing
Příklady
  • From the 1950s downwards, the area changed rapidly.
  • The exhibition traces design from the 1920s downwards.
  • Records from 2005 downwards are stored digitally.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
downwards
IPA
GB/dˈaʊnwɚdz/
US/dˈaʊnwɚdz/
Slabiky a přízvuk
down - wards (2 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (down)
Tvary slova
Noun
  • Base: downwards
  • Plural: downwardses
Příbuzná slova
Forms
downwardses noun
Core family
down adverb A1 downward adjective B2
Related words
downhill adverb downside noun B1
Negative and opposite forms
up adverb A1 upwards adverb B1 upward adjective A2
Advanced or less common
downturn noun B2
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