fracture
gb/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/ us/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
B2
Angličtina
~ 7000
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
B2
entity
1
a broken or cracked bone
A break or small crack in a bone in your body.
Vzorec užití:
a fracture of [a bone/body part]
Častá chyba:
Learners often say *"I broke a fracture in my arm"* instead of simply *"I fractured my arm"* or *"I have a fracture in my arm"*. Also, they may confuse "fracture" with "fraction" (a part of a whole in math), which is unrelated.
Synonyma
break (More informal and general; often used in everyday speech instead of the medical term.)
|
broken bone (A descriptive phrase that clearly states the bone is broken, less technical than "fracture".)
Antonyma
healthy bone (Describes a bone that is whole and undamaged, the opposite condition of having a fracture.)
Kolokace
hairline fracture
|stress fracture
|compound fracture
|fracture of the hip
|suffer a fracture
|fracture clinic
Témata
health
|medicine
|sports
|body
Příklady
- The X-ray showed a small fracture in her wrist.
- He was diagnosed with a stress fracture in his shin after the marathon.
- The cyclist suffered a compound fracture of the leg in the crash.
- Patients with osteoporosis have a higher risk of hip fractures.
- The doctor explained that the fracture would take six weeks to heal.
Učební příklady
- The doctor found a fracture in his arm.
- She has a small fracture in her foot.
- He got a fracture in his leg when he fell.
- This clinic treats people with bone fractures.
- The X-ray shows a clear fracture in the bone.
Sloveso
B2
action
2
to break a bone
To break a bone in the body, often by falling or having an accident.
Vzorec užití:
to fracture [a bone/body part]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes say *"fracture my bone"* in all cases instead of naming the body part, e.g. better: *"fracture my arm"* or *"fracture my wrist"*. They also sometimes use it in non-medical contexts like *"fracture the paper"*, where "tear" or "rip" is correct.
Synonyma
break (More common and informal; used in everyday speech instead of the more medical-sounding "fracture".)
|
crack (Often suggests a smaller or partial break; sometimes sounds less serious than "fracture".)
Antonyma
mend (Refers to a bone becoming whole again, the opposite process of fracturing it.)
Kolokace
fracture a rib
|fracture your wrist
|fracture his skull
|fall and fracture her ankle
|badly fracture a leg
Témata
health
|sports
|medicine
|body
Příklady
- She slipped on the ice and fractured her wrist.
- The goalkeeper fractured a rib during the match.
- He was lucky not to have fractured his skull in the accident.
- Older people are more likely to fracture a hip in a fall.
- The X-ray confirmed that he had fractured two fingers.
Učební příklady
- He fell and fractured his arm.
- She fractured her ankle while running.
- The boy fractured a finger playing basketball.
- My grandmother fractured her hip last year.
- The doctor says I did not fracture any bones.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
entity
3
crack in rock or material
A break or crack in a hard thing like rock, glass, or metal.
Vzorec užití:
a fracture in [a material/object]
Častá chyba:
Learners may not realize this sense can apply to non-living materials and may incorrectly limit "fracture" only to bones. They also sometimes choose "fraction" instead of "fracture" when talking about cracks in materials.
Synonyma
crack (More general and common in everyday speech; does not carry the same technical or scientific feel as "fracture".)
|
fissure (Often used for long, narrow openings in rock or earth; slightly more formal or technical.)
Antonyma
solid (Describes material without breaks or cracks, the opposite condition of having fractures.)
Kolokace
fracture in the rock
|fracture in the pipe
|fracture surface
|rock fractures
|fracture pattern
|fracture mechanics
Témata
science
|engineering
|environment
|technology
Příklady
- Engineers found a small fracture in the bridge support.
- Water seeped through fractures in the rock layer.
- The report blamed the accident on a fracture in the gas pipeline.
- Microscopic analysis revealed several fractures in the metal surface.
- The glass showed multiple radial fractures after impact testing.
Učební příklady
- There is a fracture in the water pipe.
- The rock has many small fractures.
- They found a fracture in the metal bar.
- A fracture in the wall let water come in.
- The glass broke along the fracture line.
Sloveso
technical
C1
action
4
to crack hard material
To make a hard thing like rock, glass, or metal break or crack.
Vzorec užití:
to fracture [a material/object]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes overuse this technical verb in casual contexts, saying *"fracture the plate"* where native speakers would usually say *"break the plate"*.
Synonyma
crack (Common and general; can sound less formal or technical than "fracture".)
|
shatter (Suggests breaking into many small pieces, often more violent than "fracture".)
Antonyma
reinforce (Means to make a material stronger and less likely to break, the opposite tendency of fracturing it.)
Kolokace
fracture the rock
|fracture the glass
|fracture the pipe
|repeated loads can fracture
|easily fracture under stress
Témata
science
|engineering
|construction
|technology
Příklady
- The impact was strong enough to fracture the concrete barrier.
- Heat and pressure can fracture rock deep underground.
- If you tighten the bolts too much, you may fracture the panel.
- Thermal shock can fracture glass cookware.
- Repeated stress eventually fractured the metal rod.
Učební příklady
- The strong hit fractured the glass.
- Too much pressure can fracture the rock.
- Cold and heat can fracture pipes.
- They do not want to fracture the concrete wall.
- The metal will fracture if it bends too far.
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
entity
5
serious split in a group
A strong break in the unity of a group, when people in the group are no longer together.
Vzorec užití:
a fracture in [a group/system]
Častá chyba:
Learners may try to use this figurative sense in very casual speech where simpler words like "split" or "division" sound more natural. They also sometimes say *"fracture between"* for people when *"rift between"* or *"tension between"* would be more idiomatic.
Synonyma
rift (Often used for serious disagreement or separation in relationships or groups; similar formal tone.)
|
split (More general and common; can sound slightly less formal than "fracture".)
Antonyma
unity (Describes people being joined and in agreement, the opposite of having fractures between them.)
Kolokace
deep fractures in society
|political fractures
|fracture in the community
|fractures within the party
|social fractures
Témata
politics
|society
|relationships
Příklady
- The scandal exposed deep fractures within the ruling party.
- Economic inequality has created dangerous social fractures.
- There is a growing fracture between urban and rural voters.
- The conflict left lasting fractures in the community.
- Leaders warned that the debate could cause a fracture in the movement.
Učební příklady
- The war left a fracture in the country.
- There is a clear fracture between the two groups.
- The decision created a fracture in the team.
- Social media can show hidden fractures in society.
- A big fracture grew inside the political party.
Sloveso
formal
C1
action
6
to damage unity or cohesion
To strongly damage the unity of a group, relationship, or system so that it is no longer together.
Vzorec užití:
to fracture [a relationship/group/system]
Častá chyba:
Learners often overuse "fracture" where a simpler verb like "hurt", "damage", or "break" would be more natural in everyday speech. It is best used in more serious or formal contexts, especially in news or analysis.
Synonyma
divide (More general and common; does not always suggest the same degree of damage as "fracture".)
|
splinter (Suggests breaking a group into smaller, hostile parts; often stronger than "fracture".)
Antonyma
unite (Means to bring people or groups together in agreement, the opposite of fracturing them.)
Kolokace
fracture the relationship
|fracture the alliance
|fracture party unity
|deeply fracture the community
|further fracture an already divided society
Témata
politics
|society
|relationships
Příklady
- The decision to fire the coach fractured the locker room.
- The conflict has the potential to fracture the entire region.
- His comments further fractured an already divided party.
- Mistrust can quickly fracture a close friendship.
- The crisis threatened to fracture the fragile peace agreement.
Učební příklady
- The argument fractured their friendship.
- The war could fracture the country.
- His words fractured trust in the leader.
- The scandal fractured the team’s unity.
- The policy may fracture relations with neighbors.
Sloveso
informal
C1
action
7
to make someone laugh a lot
To make someone laugh very much with something funny.
Vzorec užití:
to fracture [someone]
Častá chyba:
This sense is rare and informal; learners may wrongly assume it is common or confuse it with the main medical meaning. In modern English, it is usually better to use expressions like "crack me up" or "make me laugh" instead.
Synonyma
crack up (Very common informal phrasal verb meaning to make someone laugh a lot; more current than this use of "fracture".)
|
slay (Modern slang for making someone laugh a lot; feels more contemporary than "fracture" in this sense.)
Antonyma
bore (To make someone feel uninterested or tired; the opposite of making them laugh hard.)
Kolokace
that joke fractured me
|you really fracture me
|it absolutely fractured them
Témata
humor
|informal
|conversation
|emotions
|communication
Příklady
- That story absolutely fractured the audience.
- You really fracture me with your impressions.
- The comedian’s one-liners completely fractured the crowd.
Učební příklady
- His funny face fractured us.
- The joke fractured everyone at the table.
- You always fracture me when you tell that story.
- Her silly dance fractured the children.
- The movie fractured the whole cinema with laughter.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
fracture
IPA
GB/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
US/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
Slabiky a přízvuk
frac - ture (2 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (frac)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: fracture
- Plural: fracture, fractures
Verb
- Base: fracture
- 3rd Person Singular: fractures
- Present Participle: fracturing
- Past: fractured
Příbuzná slova
Forms
fractures
noun
fracturing
verb
fractured
verb
Negative and opposite forms
intact
adjective B2
Advanced or less common
fragmentation
noun C1
fragility
noun
Výrazy
facial fracture
1/fˈeɪʃəl fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
break in facial bones
A broken bone in the face, such as in the nose, cheek, or jaw.
Příklady
- The player suffered a facial fracture after the collision.
- Facial fractures often require surgery to repair.
fracture line
1/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ lˈaɪn/
fixed phrase
technical
visible path of a fracture
The line on a bone or material that shows where it has broken.
Příklady
- The fracture line was clearly visible on the X-ray.
- The geologist traced the fracture line across the rock face.
fracture someone
1/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ sˈʌmwˌʌn/
idiom
informal
make someone laugh a lot
To make someone laugh very much, usually with something very funny that you say or do.
Příklady
- That impression of the boss really fractures me.
- Her stories always fracture the whole room.
fracture toughness
1/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ tˈʌfnəs/
fixed phrase
technical
material’s resistance to cracking
A measure of how well a material can resist cracks growing and causing it to break.
Příklady
- Engineers tested the fracture toughness of the new alloy.
- High fracture toughness is important for aircraft materials.
fracture toughness
1/fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ tˈʌfnəs/
fixed phrase
technical
resistance to crack growth
(technical) how hard it is for a crack to spread
Příklady
- This alloy has high fracture toughness, so cracks spread more slowly.
- The lab measured fracture toughness at different temperatures.
- Designers choose materials based on strength and fracture toughness.
fragility fracture
1/fɹəd͡ʒˈɪləti fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
low-energy break in weak bone
A broken bone that happens after a small fall or simple action because the bones are weak, often from osteoporosis.
Příklady
- Hip fractures in older adults are often called fragility fractures.
- The doctor said her wrist injury was a fragility fracture linked to bone loss.
greenstick fracture
1/ɡɹˈinstɪk fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
partial bend-and-crack bone break
A kind of break in a child’s bone where one side bends and cracks but the bone does not break all the way through.
Příklady
- Children often get greenstick fractures because their bones are softer.
- The pediatrician explained that it was only a greenstick fracture.
hairline fracture
1/hˈɛɹlˌaɪn fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
very small crack in a bone
A very thin, small break in a bone that can be hard to see on an X-ray.
Příklady
- The X-ray revealed a tiny hairline fracture in his ankle.
- Runners often get hairline fractures from repeated stress on their legs.
open fracture
1/ˈoʊpən fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
fracture with open wound
A broken bone where there is a cut in the skin over the break, so the bone and wound are open.
Příklady
- An open fracture carries a high risk of infection.
- Paramedics treated the open fracture before moving the patient.
pathologic fracture
1/pˌæθoʊlˈɑd͡ʒɪk fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
bone break from disease
A broken bone that happens because of a disease in the bone, not mainly because of an accident or big force.
Příklady
- Cancer can weaken bones and lead to pathologic fractures.
- The X-ray suggested a pathologic fracture through a bone tumor.
pelvic fracture
1/pˈɛlvɪk fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
break in pelvic bones
A broken bone in the pelvis, the ring of bones near the hips.
Příklady
- The car accident resulted in a pelvic fracture.
- Older adults with pelvic fractures often need long rehabilitation.
simple fracture
1/sˈɪmpəl fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
closed, basic bone break
A broken bone that is clean and does not break the skin.
Příklady
- The X-ray showed a simple fracture of the radius.
- He was relieved to hear it was only a simple fracture.
spiral fracture
1/spˈaɪɹəl fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
twisting break around a bone
A broken bone where the line of the break goes around the bone in a spiral because of a twisting force.
Příklady
- He suffered a spiral fracture of the tibia during the tackle.
- Spiral fractures are often caused by twisting injuries.
stress fracture
1/stɹˈɛs fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
bone crack from repeated stress
A small crack in a bone that happens because of repeated pressure or use, not from one big accident.
Příklady
- She developed a stress fracture in her foot from long-distance running.
- Soldiers are at risk of stress fractures during intense training.
compound fracture
1/kˈɑmpaʊnd fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
broken bone through the skin
A serious broken bone where the bone comes through the skin.
Příklady
- The X-ray showed that he had suffered a compound fracture of the leg.
- The motorcyclist suffered a compound fracture of the lower leg.
- She was rushed to hospital with a compound fracture after the accident.
- Compound fractures usually require urgent surgery.
- Compound fractures require immediate medical treatment to prevent infection.
compression fracture
1/kəmpɹˈɛʃən fɹˈækt͡ʃɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
bone fracture from being crushed
A type of broken bone where the bone is squeezed and crushed, often in the spine.
Příklady
- The elderly patient suffered a compression fracture in her lower spine.
- Osteoporosis can lead to compression fractures in the spine.
- Osteoporosis increases the risk of compression fractures.
- The fall caused a compression fracture of one of his vertebrae.
- He wore a brace while his compression fracture healed.