fundamentalism
gb/fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/ us/fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
C1
Angličtina
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
C1
abstract
1
strict religious belief
strict religious belief based on basic doctrines and often a literal reading of sacred texts
Vzorec užití:
[religious/Christian/Islamic/etc.] fundamentalism
Častá chyba:
Do not use it simply for any strong religious faith; it suggests strict, uncompromising adherence to basic doctrines.
Synonyma
religious literalism (emphasizes a literal reading of sacred texts)
|
religious conservatism (broader and usually less strongly uncompromising)
|
orthodoxy (means adherence to accepted doctrine, not necessarily fundamentalist)
Antonyma
religious liberalism (accepts more flexible or modern interpretations of faith)
|
modernism (in religion, accepts modern critical approaches)
|
pluralism (supports coexistence of different beliefs rather than one strict doctrine)
Kolokace
religious fundamentalism
|Christian fundamentalism
|Islamic fundamentalism
|Hindu fundamentalism
|Jewish fundamentalism
|biblical fundamentalism
|Protestant fundamentalism
|the rise of fundamentalism
|religious extremism and fundamentalism
|oppose fundamentalism
Témata
religion
|beliefs
|society
|politics
Příklady
- The documentary explores the rise of religious fundamentalism in several countries.
- She studies fundamentalism as a reaction to rapid social change and cultural uncertainty.
- Some members left because they felt the church was moving toward fundamentalism.
Učební příklady
- Fundamentalism often means a very strict form of religion.
- Not every conservative believer supports fundamentalism.
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
abstract
2
rigid commitment to principles
a very strict attitude that refuses to question or adapt basic ideas
Vzorec užití:
[ideological/political/economic/etc.] fundamentalism
Častá chyba:
Do not confuse it with fundamentals, which are simply basic skills or facts; fundamentalism means rigid belief in them.
Synonyma
dogmatism (emphasizes refusing to consider other views)
|
doctrinaire thinking (formal; emphasizes following theory over practical reality)
|
absolutism (emphasizes all-or-nothing principles)
|
purism (emphasizes keeping an idea or practice in a supposedly pure form)
Antonyma
pragmatism (focuses on what works in practice)
|
flexibility (emphasizes willingness to adapt)
|
moderation (avoids extreme or uncompromising positions)
Kolokace
market fundamentalism
|free-market fundamentalism
|ideological fundamentalism
|political fundamentalism
|economic fundamentalism
|technological fundamentalism
|policy fundamentalism
|neoliberal fundamentalism
Témata
politics
|society
|economics
|ideas
Příklady
- The mayor said climate policy needed practical choices, not ideological fundamentalism.
- Critics saw the proposal as technological fundamentalism because it treated software as the answer to every social problem.
- Her essay argues that artistic fundamentalism can make culture rigid and exclusive.
Učební příklady
- He rejects political fundamentalism and prefers compromise.
- Fundamentalism can appear outside religion too.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
fundamentalism
IPA
GB/fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
US/fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
Slabiky a přízvuk
fun - da - ment - al - ism (5 slabik)
Stress on 3rd syllable (ment)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: fundamentalism
- Plural: fundamentalism
Výrazy
christian fundamentalism
1/kɹˈɪst͡ʃən fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
strict conservative Christianity
a very strict form of Christianity that often treats the Bible as literally true
Příklady
- The book traces the influence of Christian fundamentalism on American education debates.
- She distinguishes Christian fundamentalism from broader evangelical Christianity.
hindu fundamentalism
1/hˈɪndˌu fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
formal
strict Hindu political belief
a strict political or religious form of Hindu identity; a term that should be used carefully
Příklady
- The article discusses Hindu fundamentalism in the context of modern Indian politics.
- Critics said the campaign encouraged Hindu fundamentalism rather than religious pluralism.
islamic fundamentalism
1/ɪzlˈɑmɪk fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
formal
strict Islamic political belief
a strict political or religious interpretation of Islam; a term that must be used carefully
Příklady
- The lecturer noted that Islamic fundamentalism is not a single movement but a label applied to many different groups.
- Some scholars avoid the term Islamic fundamentalism because it can blur differences between conservative belief, political activism, and violence.
market fundamentalism
1/mˈɑɹkɪt fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
formal
extreme trust in markets
the idea that free markets should solve almost everything, usually criticized by the speaker
Příklady
- After the financial crisis, many writers argued that market fundamentalism had failed.
- Opponents called the privatization plan free-market fundamentalism.
- The report criticizes market fundamentalism but still supports competition in some sectors.
secular fundamentalism
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ fˌʌndəmˈɛntəlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
formal
dogmatic secularism
a very strict attitude against the role of religion in public life
Příklady
- He accused the government of secular fundamentalism after it banned all religious symbols in public offices.
- The columnist used secular fundamentalism to describe an inflexible hostility to religion.