genotype
gb/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/ us/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
C1
Angličtina
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
property
1
genetic makeup
the genes or versions of genes that a living thing has
Vzorec užití:
the genotype of [an organism/cell/individual]; [someone/something]'s genotype; genotype for [a gene/trait]
Častá chyba:
Do not confuse genotype with phenotype: genotype is genetic makeup; phenotype is observable traits or characteristics.
Synonyma
genetic makeup (Clearer, less technical term for the same idea.)
|
genetic constitution (More formal or scientific wording.)
|
genetic profile (Often refers to the set of genetic markers identified in a test, not necessarily the whole genome.)
Antonyma
phenotype (The observable traits or characteristics produced by genes and environment, contrasted with the underlying genetic makeup.)
Kolokace
human genotype
|individual genotype
|plant genotype
|viral genotype
|hemoglobin genotype
|homozygous genotype
|heterozygous genotype
|genotype information
|genotype analysis
|genotype distribution
Témata
biology
|genetics
|medicine
Příklady
- A person's genotype can affect how they respond to certain medicines.
- Identical twins usually have the same genotype, although their experiences and health can differ.
- The plant's drought tolerance depended partly on its genotype.
Učební příklady
- The child's genotype is inherited from both parents.
- Genotype is about genes, not appearance.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
entity
2
genetically distinct variant
one genetic type of a virus, plant, animal, or other living thing
Vzorec užití:
[a virus/species/pathogen] genotype; genotype [number/letter]
Častá chyba:
Do not use genotype simply for any visible variety unless the type is identified by its genes.
Synonyma
genetic variant (Emphasizes difference in DNA rather than classification.)
|
strain (Common for microbes, but a strain may be defined by more than genotype alone.)
|
lineage (Emphasizes ancestry or evolutionary relationship.)
|
type (More general and less technical.)
Kolokace
viral genotype
|hepatitis C genotype
|HIV genotype
|parasite genotype
|bacterial genotype
|resistant genotype
|new genotype
|common genotype
|distinct genotype
|rare genotype
Témata
biology
|genetics
|medicine
|microbiology
Příklady
- Some hepatitis C genotypes respond differently to treatment.
- Scientists found three genotypes of the parasite in the samples.
- The vaccine was tested against several viral genotypes.
Učební příklady
- The virus has many genotypes.
- This genotype is common in the region.
Sloveso
technical
C1
action
3
identify genetic makeup
to test DNA to find which genes or gene versions something has
Vzorec užití:
genotype [someone/something]; genotype [a sample/population] for [a variant/marker]
Častá chyba:
The common forms are genotyped and genotyping. Genotyping usually checks genetic variants; it is not the same as describing appearance.
Synonyma
genetically test (Less technical and broader; may include many kinds of DNA testing.)
|
genetically analyze (Broader term that may include more than identifying genotype.)
|
genetically profile (Often means identifying a pattern of genetic markers.)
Kolokace
genotype a sample
|genotype patients
|genotype individuals
|genotype blood samples
|genotype tumor samples
|genotype the virus
|genotype a population
|genotype for mutations
|genotype at a locus
|genotype genetic markers
Témata
genetics
|medicine
|research
|laboratory
Příklady
- The team genotyped 2,000 volunteers to study risk factors for the disease.
- All tumor samples were genotyped for two common mutations.
- Farmers can genotype seedlings before choosing which plants to grow.
Učební příklady
- The lab genotyped the samples.
- Doctors may genotype a virus before treatment.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
genotype
IPA
GB/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
US/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
Slabiky a přízvuk
gen - o - type (3 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (gen)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: genotype
- Plural: genotypes
Verb
- Base: genotype
- 3rd Person Singular: genotypes
- Present Participle: genotyping
- Past: genotyped
- Past Participle: genotyped
Výrazy
genotype frequency
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp fɹˈikwənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
rate of a genotype
how common a particular genotype is in a group
Příklady
- Genotype frequencies differed between the patient group and the control group.
- The rare genotype had a frequency of less than 2 percent in the sample.
- Researchers compared genotype frequencies across several regions.
genotype-environment interaction
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp ɪnvˈaɪɹənmənt ˌɪntɚˈækʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
genes depend on environment
when genes and environment affect each other in producing a trait
Příklady
- The study reported a genotype-environment interaction: one crop variety produced high yields only under irrigation.
- Genotype-environment interaction is a major concern when breeders test plants in different climates.
- The researchers found a genotype-environment interaction for weight gain in the animal model.
genotype-phenotype correlation
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp fˈinətˌaɪp kˌɔɹəlˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
gene-trait relationship
a link between genes and visible traits or medical features
Příklady
- A clear genotype-phenotype correlation can help doctors predict disease severity.
- Researchers looked for genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with the same inherited disorder.
- The mutation showed a strong genotype-phenotype correlation in the study population.
genotype-phenotype correlation
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp fˈinətˌaɪp kˌɔɹəlˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
gene-trait relationship
a link between someone's genes and the traits or symptoms they show.
Příklady
- The database helps researchers study genotype-phenotype correlations in inherited heart disease.
- A strong genotype-phenotype correlation can make it easier to predict how severe a condition will be.
- The variant is common, but its genotype-phenotype correlation is still unclear.
mutant genotype
1/mjˈutənt d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
genotype with mutation
a genetic form that has the mutation being studied
Příklady
- Larvae with the mutant genotype failed to develop normally.
- The assay clearly separated the wild-type genotype from the mutant genotype.
- Researchers studied how the mutant genotype affected enzyme activity.
sickle-cell genotype
1/sˈɪkəl sˈɛl d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
hemoglobin gene category
a genetic result showing whether a person has sickle-cell trait or sickle-cell disease
Příklady
- Newborn screening can identify a baby's sickle-cell genotype.
- Couples in some regions are encouraged to learn their sickle-cell genotypes before having children.
- The report listed her sickle-cell genotype as AS.
wild-type genotype
1/wˈaɪld tˈaɪp d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
reference non-mutant genotype
the usual or reference genetic form used for comparison
Příklady
- The control mice carried the wild-type genotype.
- The experiment compared mutant plants with plants that had the wild-type genotype.
- Cells with the wild-type genotype responded normally to the drug.