monarchy
gb/mˈɑnɑɹki/ us/mˈɑnɑɹki/
B2
Angličtina
~ 6200
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
B2
entity
1
system of government by a monarch
A type of government where a country is led by a king, queen, or other monarch, usually for life and usually because they were born into the royal family.
Vzorec užití:
a [type] monarchy
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse "monarchy" (the system of government) with "monarch" (the person, such as a king or queen). For example, they might say *"The monarchy is very popular; he visited the town"* when they actually mean *"The monarch is very popular"*. Another mistake is saying *"monarchy government" instead of simply "monarchy" or "a monarchical government".
Synonyma
kingship (More literary and less common; focuses on the rule of a king rather than the whole system of government.)
|
royal rule (Describes government by a royal person or family, but is less precise and less commonly used as a technical term than "monarchy".)
Antonyma
republic (A system of government without a monarch, often with an elected head of state, making it the most direct political contrast to a monarchy.)
|
democracy (Highlights government by elected representatives or by the people; often contrasted with monarchy in general discussions of political systems.)
Kolokace
constitutional monarchy
|absolute monarchy
|hereditary monarchy
|modern monarchy
|traditional monarchy
|form of monarchy
Témata
politics
|government
|history
Příklady
- Japan is a constitutional monarchy with an emperor as the ceremonial head of state.
- Debates continue over whether a monarchy is compatible with modern democracy.
- The country changed from a monarchy to a republic after the revolution.
- In a traditional monarchy, power is passed down within a royal family.
- An absolute monarchy gives the ruler almost complete control over the state.
Učební příklady
- The United Kingdom has a monarchy.
- In a monarchy, a king or queen is the head of state.
- Some people prefer a republic, and some prefer a monarchy.
- The country moved from monarchy to democracy in the last century.
- An absolute monarchy gives the king or queen a lot of power.
Podstatné jméno
B2
entity
2
country ruled by a monarch
A country that is ruled by a king, queen, or other monarch.
Vzorec užití:
[a place] is a monarchy
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use "monarch" when they mean the country, saying things like *"The monarch is very rich because of oil"* when they mean *"The monarchy" or "the country". They may also add an extra word and say *"a monarchy country" instead of the correct *"a monarchy" or "a monarchical country".
Synonyma
kingdom (Often refers to a country ruled by a king or queen; in many contexts it overlaps with "monarchy" but does not cover all kinds of monarchies (for example, principalities).)
Antonyma
republic (A country without a monarch, typically with an elected head of state, and thus the usual political opposite of a monarchy as a state type.)
Kolokace
European monarchy
|Gulf monarchy
|oil-rich monarchy
|small monarchy
|modern monarchy
Témata
politics
|geography
|government
Příklady
- Sweden is a constitutional monarchy, while France is a republic.
- Several European monarchies still have royal families that are widely respected.
- The small Gulf monarchy has become very rich from oil exports.
- In the twentieth century, many Asian monarchies were replaced by republics.
- Tourists are often surprised to learn that this island nation is a monarchy.
Učební příklady
- Spain is a monarchy, but Italy is a republic.
- Many European countries used to be monarchies.
- That country became a monarchy many centuries ago.
- Some monarchies are very rich because of oil.
- The island is a small monarchy in the Pacific.
Podstatné jméno
C1
entity
3
institution of the royal family
The royal family and their official role in the country, seen as one public institution.
Vzorec užití:
[attitude/action] toward the monarchy
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse this institutional sense with the political system. For example, *"The monarchy changed to a president"* is incorrect; better is *"The country changed from a monarchy to a republic"* (system) or *"They abolished the monarchy"* (institution). Another mistake is using a plural form *"monarchies" when they mean a single institution in one country; it should be *"the monarchy" in that context.
Synonyma
the crown (Refers to the state and royal institution together; often used in legal or formal contexts to mean the authority of the monarchy.)
|
the royal institution (A descriptive phrase focusing on the organized, formal role of the royal family rather than the form of government itself.)
Antonyma
republicanism (The political belief that a country should be a republic rather than have a monarchy as an institution.)
Kolokace
support for the monarchy
|abolish the monarchy
|defend the monarchy
|the British monarchy
|cost of the monarchy
|future of the monarchy
Témata
politics
|society
|culture
Příklady
- Public opinion about the monarchy has changed dramatically in recent decades.
- Some political parties openly campaign to abolish the monarchy.
- The scandal raised questions about the future of the British monarchy.
- Critics argue that the cost of the monarchy is too high for taxpayers.
- In that country, the monarchy still plays a central role in national ceremonies.
Učební příklady
- Many young people do not support the monarchy.
- Some people want to abolish the monarchy.
- The British monarchy is famous around the world.
- The cost of the monarchy is often in the news.
- A big scandal can damage trust in the monarchy.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
monarchy
IPA
GB/mˈɑnɑɹki/
US/mˈɑnɑɹki/
Slabiky a přízvuk
mon - archy (2 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (mon)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: monarchy
- Plural: monarchies, monarchy
Příbuzná slova
Forms
monarchies
noun
Core family
Negative and opposite forms
republic
noun B1
republican
adjective B1
Advanced or less common
monarchism
noun
Výrazy
abolish the monarchy
1/əbˈɑlɪʃ ðə mˈɑnɑɹki/
fixed phrase
officially end the monarchy
To officially stop having a king, queen, or other royal family as part of the state.
Příklady
- Some activists are campaigning to abolish the monarchy and create a republic.
- The revolutionaries promised to abolish the monarchy if they came to power.
absolute monarchy
1/ˈæbsəlˌut mˈɑnɑɹki/
fixed phrase
monarchy with near-total royal power
A monarchy where the king, queen, or other monarch has almost all the political power and is not limited much by laws or a parliament.
Příklady
- Saudi Arabia is often described as an absolute monarchy.
- In an absolute monarchy, the ruler can usually make major decisions without approval from an elected body.
constitutional monarchy
1/kˌɑnstətˈuʃənəl mˈɑnɑɹki/
fixed phrase
monarchy limited by a constitution
A monarchy where a king, queen, or other monarch must follow a written constitution and usually has mostly symbolic or limited powers.
Příklady
- The United Kingdom is a well-known example of a constitutional monarchy.
- In a constitutional monarchy, elected politicians, not the monarch, usually make the main political decisions.
hereditary monarchy
1/hɚˈɛdətˌɛɹi mˈɑnɑɹki/
fixed phrase
formal
system where the crown is inherited
A system of government where the king or queen’s child usually becomes the next ruler.
Příklady
- The country changed from a hereditary monarchy to a republic in the twentieth century.
- In a hereditary monarchy, the line of succession is carefully defined by law.
hereditary monarchy
2/hɚˈɛdətˌɛɹi mˈɑnɑɹki/
fixed phrase
monarchy inherited within a family
A monarchy where the job of king or queen is usually given to a child or close family member of the last monarch.
Příklady
- Most European royal families are part of a hereditary monarchy system.
- In a hereditary monarchy, the oldest child is often first in line to become the next ruler.