paralysis
gb/pɚˈælɪsɪs/ us/pɚˈælɪsɪs/
B2
Angličtina
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
B2
state
1
loss of movement or feeling
when you cannot move a part of your body
Vzorec užití:
paralysis (of) [body part] / paralysis in [body part]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes use paralysis to mean only weakness; paralysis usually suggests a complete or near-complete loss of movement.
Synonyma
immobility (more general; not necessarily medical nerve damage)
|
palsy (often refers to a specific type of paralysis or weakness, especially in the face)
Antonyma
mobility (ability to move normally)
|
movement (the act or ability of moving)
Kolokace
partial paralysis
|complete paralysis
|permanent paralysis
|temporary paralysis
|sudden paralysis
|paralysis of the legs
|paralysis of the arm
|paralysis of the face
|spinal paralysis
|cause paralysis
Témata
health
|medicine
|body
Příklady
- The stroke left him with paralysis on the right side of his body.
- Doctors warned that the accident could cause permanent paralysis.
- She regained movement after months of therapy for partial paralysis.
Učební příklady
- After the injury, he had paralysis in his legs.
- Paralysis can make it hard to move.
Podstatné jméno
C1
state
2
inability to act or decide
a feeling of being unable to do anything
Vzorec užití:
paralysis (of) [decision-making/thought/action] / paralysis from [fear/shock]
Častá chyba:
Learners may confuse this noun with the verb phrase freeze; paralysis is often used in more formal writing than freeze.
Synonyma
inertia (staying still or not changing; less about fear or shock)
|
incapacity (general inability; not as vivid as paralysis)
Antonyma
decisiveness (ability to make decisions quickly and clearly)
|
action (doing something rather than being stuck)
Kolokace
decision paralysis
|mental paralysis
|paralysis of fear
|a moment of paralysis
|paralysis set in
|feelings of paralysis
|paralysis in the face of
|paralysis from shock
|creative paralysis
|paralysis of indecision
Témata
emotions
|psychology
|daily_life
Příklady
- A strange paralysis stopped her from speaking when her name was called.
- He felt a wave of paralysis as he realized what had happened.
- Too many choices can create paralysis and delay a simple decision.
Učební příklady
- Fear caused paralysis, and I could not move.
- I had paralysis and could not decide.
Podstatné jméno
C1
state
3
system unable to function
when a system cannot make progress
Vzorec užití:
paralysis in [government/organization/system] / paralysis of [process]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes overuse paralysis for any slow process; it usually implies being stuck and unable to function, not just being slow.
Synonyma
gridlock (common in politics/traffic; strongly suggests no movement at all)
|
deadlock (emphasizes two sides blocking each other)
Antonyma
progress (forward movement toward a goal)
|
functioning (working normally and effectively)
Kolokace
political paralysis
|government paralysis
|policy paralysis
|legislative paralysis
|bureaucratic paralysis
|administrative paralysis
|economic paralysis
|institutional paralysis
|paralysis in negotiations
|paralysis of decision-making
Témata
politics
|business
|society
Příklady
- The budget dispute led to paralysis in parliament.
- Without clear leadership, the project fell into paralysis.
- Critics warned that the new rules would create paralysis in the system.
Učební příklady
- The government was in paralysis and could not act.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
paralysis
IPA
GB/pɚˈælɪsɪs/
US/pɚˈælɪsɪs/
Slabiky a přízvuk
para - lys - is (3 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (para)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: paralysis
- Plural: paralyses, paralysis
Příbuzná slova
Výrazy
analysis paralysis
1/ænˈælɪsɪs pɚˈælɪsɪs/
fixed phrase
business
stuck from overthinking
not deciding because you think too much
Příklady
- We missed the deadline because the team fell into analysis paralysis.
- To avoid analysis paralysis, set a time limit for the decision.
- Too much data can cause analysis paralysis in busy managers.
paralysis by analysis
1/pɚˈælɪsɪs bˈaɪ ænˈælɪsɪs/
idiom
business
overthinking prevents action
overthinking that stops you acting
Příklady
- The report warned against paralysis by analysis during the crisis.
- He kept comparing options until paralysis by analysis set in.
- Good leaders know when to move past paralysis by analysis.
political paralysis
1/pəlˈɪtɪkəl pɚˈælɪsɪs/
fixed phrase
government unable to act
when politicians cannot make decisions
Příklady
- The coalition collapsed, leaving the country in political paralysis.
- Businesses delayed investment because of political paralysis.
- Voters demanded reforms to end political paralysis.
sleep paralysis
1/slˈip pɚˈælɪsɪs/
fixed phrase
unable to move when waking
when you wake up but cannot move
Příklady
- He described an episode of sleep paralysis where he couldn't move for a minute.
- Stress can make sleep paralysis more likely for some people.
- She learned breathing techniques to stay calm during sleep paralysis.