regression
gb/ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən/ us/ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən/
C1
Angličtina
~ 8700
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
event
1
return to a worse, earlier state
A change back to an older, usually worse way or condition after things had improved.
Vzorec užití:
regression in [something]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse "regression" with "recession". "Regression" is about going back to a worse or earlier state in general, while "recession" is specifically an economic downturn. They also mix it with "repression", which means controlling or holding back feelings or people by force.
Synonyma
backsliding (More informal and often used about moral or personal behavior becoming worse again.)
|
relapse (Often used about health, addiction, or bad habits returning after improvement.)
Antonyma
progress (Emphasizes movement toward a better or more advanced state, the opposite of going backward.)
Kolokace
social regression
|political regression
|moral regression
|economic regression
|a regression in [performance]
|a serious regression
Témata
society
|politics
|psychology
|core_vocabulary
Příklady
- Critics called the new law a dangerous regression in human rights.
- After months of improvement, his recent behavior feels like a regression to his teenage years.
- The company wants to avoid any regression in workplace safety standards.
- Many see the censorship as a regression from earlier democratic reforms.
- The teacher discussed the child's sudden regression in reading skills with the parents.
Učební příklady
- The country is afraid of a regression in democracy.
- Her anger was a regression to how she acted as a child.
- We must stop any regression in women’s rights.
- There has been a regression in the team’s performance this year.
- The doctor was worried about a regression in the patient’s condition.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
entity
2
statistical method linking variables
A math method that shows how one thing (a result) changes when one or more other things change.
Vzorec užití:
perform regression on [data]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes think "regression" always means going backwards, even in statistics. In this technical sense, it does not mean "becoming worse"; it is simply the name of a method for modeling numerical relationships.
Synonyma
regression analysis (More explicit technical term; often used interchangeably in statistics and data science.)
Antonyma
classification (In machine learning, contrasts with regression by predicting categories instead of continuous values.)
Kolokace
linear regression
|logistic regression
|multiple regression
|regression analysis
|regression model
|run a regression
Témata
science
|business
|technology
|mathematics
Příklady
- We used linear regression to predict housing prices based on location and size.
- The researcher ran a multiple regression to control for age and income.
- This regression shows a strong positive relationship between marketing spending and sales.
- In this course you will learn both logistic regression and decision trees.
- The data do not meet the assumptions required for standard regression.
Učební příklady
- The team used regression to predict customer demand.
- In statistics class, we built a simple regression model.
- She ran a regression on the sales data.
- Regression can show how price changes affect sales.
- We learned how to read a regression table.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C2
event
3
reverting to childlike behavior
In psychology, when an adult acts or feels like a much younger person because of strong stress or fear.
Vzorec užití:
regression to [an earlier stage]
Častá chyba:
Learners may overuse this word for any childish behavior. In psychology, "regression" is specifically a reaction to stress or conflict, not just any kind of immaturity.
Synonyma
immaturity (Describes childlike behavior in general, but does not specifically refer to a stress-based return to earlier stages.)
Antonyma
maturity (Refers to stable, adult patterns of behavior and emotion, contrasting with a return to childlike patterns.)
Kolokace
emotional regression
|childlike regression
|regression to childhood
|regression under stress
|signs of regression
Témata
psychology
|health
|emotions
Příklady
- Under extreme pressure, he showed clear signs of regression, sulking and slamming doors like a teenager.
- The therapist explained that the patient’s baby talk was a form of regression in response to trauma.
- Stress can trigger regression to earlier, safer-feeling patterns of behavior.
- In therapy, temporary regression can sometimes help a person revisit and heal old wounds.
- The psychologist noted brief episodes of regression during the session when difficult memories came up.
Učební příklady
- The child’s regression started after his parents’ divorce.
- In therapy, regression can happen when a person feels very afraid.
- His shouting and crying were signs of regression.
- Regression made her act like a small child again.
- The doctor said the behavior was emotional regression.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C2
event
4
decrease in disease or tumor
In medicine, when a sickness or tumor becomes smaller or less serious.
Vzorec užití:
regression of [a disease or tumor]
Častá chyba:
Learners may confuse this medical sense of "regression" with the general idea of things getting worse. In medicine, "regression" usually means the disease is getting better, not worse.
Synonyma
remission (Often used for cancer or chronic illness becoming less active; sometimes suggests a longer or more stable improvement than "regression".)
Antonyma
progression (Describes a disease becoming more advanced or severe, the opposite of shrinking or improving.)
Kolokace
tumor regression
|spontaneous regression
|partial regression
|complete regression
|regression of symptoms
|regression of the lesion
Témata
health
|science
Příklady
- The scans show significant regression of the tumor after chemotherapy.
- Doctors were surprised by the spontaneous regression of the skin lesions.
- Early treatment increases the chance of complete regression of the cancer.
- Only partial regression was achieved, so further treatment is needed.
- The study measured tumor regression in response to the new drug.
Učební příklady
- The doctor was happy to see regression of the tumor.
- There was clear regression of the cancer after treatment.
- They hope for full regression of the disease.
- The medicine caused slow regression of the tumor.
- The report said there was partial regression of the illness.
Podstatné jméno
technical
C1
entity
5
bug returning after code changes
In software, a bug that comes back, or a new bug caused by a change that broke something that worked before.
Vzorec užití:
introduce a regression in [software]
Častá chyba:
Learners may think "regression" here means a general slowdown. In software, it specifically means something that used to work now fails because of a change.
Synonyma
regression bug (More specific term within software development; explicitly names the error as a bug.)
Antonyma
bug fix (Refers to correcting an error, which reverses or prevents a regression.)
Kolokace
software regression
|regression bug
|introduce a regression
|fix a regression
|regression testing
|regression in the latest release
Témata
technology
|work
Příklady
- The last update introduced a regression that breaks the login feature.
- We need to run the full test suite to catch any regressions before release.
- This regression only affects users on older versions of the operating system.
- They quickly patched the regression and pushed a hotfix to production.
- Regression testing is designed to make sure new features do not cause regressions in existing code.
Učební příklady
- The new version has a bad regression in the search function.
- Our change caused a regression in the login page.
- We must test carefully to avoid regressions.
- The team fixed a serious regression before release.
- Regression testing helps find bugs that come back.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
regression
IPA
GB/ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən/
US/ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən/
Slabiky a přízvuk
re - gres - sion (3 slabiky)
Stress on 2nd syllable (gres)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: regression
- Plural: regression, regressions
Příbuzná slova
Forms
regressions
noun
Core family
regress
verb C1
regressive
adjective
Negative and opposite forms
progression
noun C1
progress
verb A2
Advanced or less common
regressively
adverb
regressor
noun
Výrazy
linear regression
1/lˈɪniɚ ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
straight-line regression method
A kind of regression that fits a straight line to data to show how one number changes with another number.
Příklady
- We used linear regression to predict house prices from size and location.
- In this lesson you will learn how to build a simple linear regression model.
- Linear regression assumes a linear relationship between the predictor and the outcome.
multiple regression
1/mˈʌltɪpəl ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
regression with several predictors
A kind of regression that uses two or more different factors at the same time to predict one result.
Příklady
- The study used multiple regression to control for age, income, and education.
- Multiple regression allows us to see which variables really matter.
- They built a multiple regression model to forecast monthly sales.
regression analysis
1/ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən ænˈælɪsɪs/
fixed phrase
technical
statistical study using regression
A kind of statistics study that uses regression methods to see how one thing changes when one or more other things change.
Příklady
- The economist carried out a regression analysis of wages and education levels.
- Our regression analysis suggests that advertising has a strong effect on sales.
- They presented the results of their regression analysis in a detailed report.
regression testing
1/ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən tˈɛstɪŋ/
fixed phrase
technical
testing to catch old/new bugs
Testing software after changes to make sure that things which worked before are still working and no old bugs returned.
Příklady
- We scheduled two days for regression testing before the release.
- Good regression testing helps prevent old bugs from coming back.
- The team expanded their regression testing suite after the last major failure.
regression to the mean
1/ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən tə ðə mˈin/
fixed phrase
technical
extreme results move toward average
The idea that very high or very low results are likely to be less extreme and closer to the usual average the next time you measure.
Příklady
- The team’s poor performance this week is probably just regression to the mean after several lucky wins.
- Investors often forget about regression to the mean and expect unusually high returns to continue.
- When you see a very high test score, some drop next time can simply be regression to the mean.
logistic regression
1/ləd͡ʒˈɪstɪk ɹɪɡɹˈɛʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
statistical method using logistic function
A type of statistics method that uses a logistic function to predict the chance of an event with two results, like yes/no or win/lose.
Příklady
- We applied logistic regression to predict whether users would click on the ad.
- We applied logistic regression to predict whether users would click the ad.
- Logistic regression is widely used in medicine to model the probability of disease.
- Logistic regression is widely used for medical risk prediction.
- The data science course includes a full unit on logistic regression and model evaluation.
- The course compares logistic regression with other classification methods.