sovereignty
gb/sˈɑvɹənti/ us/sˈɑvɹənti/
C1
Angličtina
~ 5500
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
entity
1
supreme independence of a state
The highest power of a country to make its own laws and decisions without control from another country.
Vzorec užití:
[country]'s sovereignty over [its territory]
Častá chyba:
Learners often use "independence" when they mean the more formal, legal idea of a state's full power. "Independence" is broader, while "sovereignty" is a technical legal and political term. Also, learners sometimes say *"the sovereignties of countries"*; usually "sovereignty" is uncountable in this sense: "the sovereignty of countries" or "national sovereignty".
Synonyma
independence (More general and common; can refer to people or organizations, not only states, and is less formal than "sovereignty".)
|
self-determination (Stresses the right of a people to choose their own political status, while "sovereignty" focuses on the actual legal power of the state.)
Antonyma
subordination (Describes a state being under the authority or control of another power, the opposite of being sovereign.)
|
dependence (Highlights that a state relies on or is controlled by another, which contrasts with full sovereignty.)
Kolokace
national sovereignty
|state sovereignty
|sovereignty over its territory
|respect for sovereignty
|sovereignty and territorial integrity
|loss of sovereignty
Témata
politics
|law
|international
Příklady
- The treaty was seen as a threat to national sovereignty.
- After decades of conflict, the region finally gained full sovereignty.
- They argued that foreign troops on their soil violated the country's sovereignty.
- The constitution affirms the state's sovereignty over its natural resources.
- Many citizens feared that joining the union would weaken their national sovereignty.
Učební příklady
- The small island wanted to have its own sovereignty.
- War can put a country's sovereignty at risk.
- The new government promised to protect national sovereignty.
- Some people think trade deals can limit a country's sovereignty.
- The country lost its sovereignty when it was taken over by a neighbor.
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
entity
2
highest authority inside a state
The top power inside a country or system that can finally decide and change the laws.
Vzorec užití:
[type] sovereignty of [institution or group]
Častá chyba:
Learners sometimes confuse "sovereignty" with "government" or "ruler" and say things like *"the sovereignty decided"*. "Sovereignty" is the abstract power or authority, not the person or group itself. Say "the government decided" or "sovereignty rests with the parliament," not *"the sovereignty decided"*.
Synonyma
supremacy (Focuses more generally on being the highest in power or status, while "sovereignty" stresses formal legal authority.)
|
ultimate authority (A descriptive phrase close in meaning, but less technical and not limited to political theory.)
Antonyma
limited government (Emphasizes that the government's power is restricted, contrasting with the idea of complete sovereignty of a single body.)
|
shared authority (Highlights that power is divided among bodies, the opposite of one clear, final sovereign authority.)
Kolokace
popular sovereignty
|parliamentary sovereignty
|sovereignty of the people
|sovereignty resides in
|transfer of sovereignty
|limited sovereignty
Témata
politics
|law
|government
Příklady
- In a democracy, sovereignty is often said to rest with the people.
- The doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty means that no court can overrule Parliament's laws.
- They debated whether the constitution placed sovereignty in the president or in the legislature.
- Popular sovereignty became a central idea during the revolution.
- The reforms slightly reduced the sovereignty of the national government in favor of local councils.
Učební příklady
- Many textbooks say that sovereignty belongs to the people.
- In that country, parliamentary sovereignty is very important.
- Some leaders wanted more sovereignty for local governments.
- The students learned that sovereignty can be in one person or in many people.
- The new law changed where sovereignty was placed in the system.
Podstatné jméno
formal
C2
entity
3
personal control and autonomy
A person’s right and power to control their own body and decisions without other people forcing them.
Vzorec užití:
[someone]'s sovereignty over [their body or decisions]
Častá chyba:
Learners may think this meaning is only about countries because they first learn "sovereignty" in a political context. In phrases like "bodily sovereignty" or "personal sovereignty," it refers to individual control and autonomy, not a state.
Synonyma
autonomy (Very close in meaning; more common in everyday and academic use for personal control, and somewhat less dramatic than "sovereignty".)
|
self-ownership (Stresses the idea of a person owning their own body and life; often used in philosophical or activist contexts like "bodily sovereignty.")
Antonyma
control (As in "control over someone," describes others having power over a person instead of that person having sovereignty.)
|
coercion (Refers to being forced to do something, which directly opposes the idea of personal sovereignty.)
Kolokace
bodily sovereignty
|individual sovereignty
|personal sovereignty
|sovereignty over one’s body
|digital sovereignty
|financial sovereignty
Témata
human-rights
|ethics
|society
|body
|law
|relationships
Příklady
- Activists argued that any law restricting abortion violated women's bodily sovereignty.
- He saw financial independence as a key part of his personal sovereignty.
- The new data policy was criticized for undermining users' digital sovereignty.
- Many indigenous communities demand sovereignty over their own health systems.
- The campaign focuses on individual sovereignty in medical decisions.
Učební příklady
- She believes everyone should have sovereignty over their own body.
- Some people see privacy online as a question of digital sovereignty.
- They say the new rules take away personal sovereignty.
- Saving money can help you feel more financial sovereignty.
- The group fights for the sovereignty of patients in medical choices.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
sovereignty
IPA
GB/sˈɑvɹənti/
US/sˈɑvɹənti/
Slabiky a přízvuk
sov - er - eignty (3 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (sov)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: sovereignty
- Plural: sovereignty
Příbuzná slova
Core family
sovereign
adjective B2
Negative and opposite forms
non-sovereign
adjective
Advanced or less common
sovereignly
adverb
Výrazy
bodily sovereignty
1/bˈɑdəli sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
full control over one’s body
A person’s right and power to decide what happens to their own body.
Příklady
- The campaign connects reproductive rights with bodily sovereignty.
- They argued that vaccine mandates raised questions about bodily sovereignty.
- Many activists see bodily sovereignty as a basic human right.
full sovereignty
1/fˈʊl sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
complete independent authority
Total power of a country to rule itself without any outside control or limits.
Příklady
- The colony did not have full sovereignty until the peace agreement.
- They demanded full sovereignty rather than a form of shared rule.
- The region enjoys autonomy but not full sovereignty under the current arrangement.
loss of sovereignty
1/lˈɔs əv sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
end of independent authority
When a country stops having full power to rule itself, often because another country or body controls it.
Příklady
- Critics warned that the agreement could lead to a loss of sovereignty.
- For many citizens, any loss of sovereignty is unacceptable.
- The union tried to share powers without causing a loss of sovereignty for member states.
national sovereignty
1/nˈæʃnəl sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
independent authority of a nation
A country's full power to rule itself and make its own decisions without control from other countries.
Příklady
- Many voters worry that the trade deal could weaken national sovereignty.
- The new constitution was designed to protect national sovereignty in foreign affairs.
- They defended their national sovereignty by refusing to sign the agreement.
parliamentary sovereignty
1/pˌɑɹləmˈɛntɚi sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
parliament as highest legal power
The idea that the parliament has the top legal power in a country and no court or other body can overrule its laws.
Příklady
- In that system, parliamentary sovereignty means the legislature can pass any law it wishes.
- The court stressed that it must act within the framework of parliamentary sovereignty.
- Debates over parliamentary sovereignty grew stronger after the referendum.
popular sovereignty
1/pˈɑpjəlɚ sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
people as the highest authority
The idea that the people, not a king or small group, are the real source of political power in a country.
Příklady
- The revolution was justified in the name of popular sovereignty.
- In civics class, they studied popular sovereignty as a key democratic principle.
- The constitution declares that popular sovereignty is the basis of all public authority.
respect for sovereignty
1/ɹɪspˈɛkt fɚ sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
honoring another state’s independence
The practice of accepting that another country has the right to rule itself and not interfering with it.
Příklady
- They called for mutual respect for sovereignty in the region.
- The ambassador stressed respect for sovereignty as a key principle.
- Respect for sovereignty is often mentioned in UN resolutions.
sovereignty and territorial integrity
1/sˈɑvɹənti ˈænd tˌɛɹɪtˈɔɹiəl ɪntˈɛɡɹɪti/
fixed phrase
formal
state power and protected borders
The idea that a country has full power over itself and that other countries must respect its borders.
Příklady
- The agreement reaffirms the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all member states.
- They condemned the invasion as a clear violation of sovereignty and territorial integrity.
- Respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity is a basic rule of international relations.
sovereignty of the people
1/sˈɑvɹənti əv ðə pˈipəl/
fixed phrase
formal
people collectively hold power
The situation where the people as a whole, not a ruler, have the highest power in a country.
Příklady
- The manifesto begins by affirming the sovereignty of the people.
- They argued that the law went against the sovereignty of the people.
- Modern democracies are often described as resting on the sovereignty of the people.
state sovereignty
1/stˈeɪt sˈɑvɹənti/
fixed phrase
formal
independent authority of a state
The power of a state, seen as a political unit, to govern itself without outside control.
Příklady
- International law is built on the principle of state sovereignty.
- They claimed that foreign sanctions interfered with their state sovereignty.
- The court balanced human rights protections against state sovereignty.