writing
gb/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/ us/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
A1
Angličtina
Významy
0 významů
Podstatné jméno
A1
process
1
creating written text
the activity of making words on paper or on a screen
Vzorec užití:
[writing] about [something]; [writing] for [purpose]
Častá chyba:
Writing is usually uncountable for the activity: say “I enjoy writing,” not “I enjoy a writing.”
Synonyma
composition (often used for school or formal written work)
|
drafting (emphasizes making an early version of a text)
|
copywriting (specifically writing advertisements or marketing text)
Antonyma
reading (receiving written language rather than producing it)
|
speaking (communicating orally rather than in written form)
Kolokace
writing practice
|writing exercise
|writing assignment
|writing process
|academic writing
|essay writing
|letter writing
|writing class
|writing course
|writing by hand
Témata
communication
|education
|daily_life
Příklady
- Writing every day helped her organize her thoughts more clearly.
- The course focuses on writing for business and academic situations.
- He finds writing easier than speaking in front of a group.
Učební příklady
- I like writing stories.
- We practiced writing in English today.
Podstatné jméno
A2
entity
2
written words or symbols
words or marks that are written or printed somewhere
Vzorec užití:
[writing] on [something]; a piece of [writing]
Častá chyba:
Do not usually say “a writing” for one text; say “a piece of writing,” “an article,” “a document,” or “some writing.”
Synonyma
text (general word for written or printed words)
|
words (simpler and less formal)
|
copy (used especially for advertising, publishing, or website text)
Antonyma
speech (spoken language rather than written language)
Kolokace
a piece of writing
|writing sample
|small writing
|tiny writing
|writing on the page
|writing on the label
|writing on the screen
|the writing says
|read the writing
|writing in English
Témata
communication
|documents
|daily_life
Příklady
- The writing on the label was too small to read.
- Please submit a short piece of writing with your application.
- There was writing in three languages on the museum sign.
Učební příklady
- I can’t read the writing on the board.
- This is a good piece of writing.
Podstatné jméno
B1
abstract
3
written style or quality
the way someone writes, especially how clear, interesting, or good it is
Vzorec užití:
[someone's] writing is [adjective]
Synonyma
style (broader; can refer to expression in writing, speech, art, or behavior)
|
prose (often refers to the style of non-poetry writing)
|
wording (focuses on the exact choice of words)
Kolokace
clear writing
|good writing
|strong writing
|concise writing
|polished writing
|weak writing
|beautiful writing
|formal writing
|plain writing
|effective writing
Témata
communication
|literature
|education
Příklady
- Her writing is clear, warm, and easy to follow.
- The editor praised the research but asked for stronger writing.
- Good writing can make a complicated topic feel simple.
Učební příklady
- His writing is very clear.
- I want to improve my writing.
Podstatné jméno
A2
property
4
someone's handwriting
the way someone writes letters by hand
Vzorec užití:
[someone's] writing
Častá chyba:
Handwriting is usually more specific and common when you mean the shape of someone’s handwritten letters.
Synonyma
handwriting (more specific and usually preferred for this meaning)
|
script (can suggest a particular handwritten or printed style)
|
penmanship (refers to skill in handwriting; somewhat old-fashioned)
Antonyma
typing (producing text with a keyboard rather than by hand)
Kolokace
neat writing
|messy writing
|clear writing
|tiny writing
|cursive writing
|read someone's writing
|hard-to-read writing
|beautiful writing
|writing by hand
Témata
communication
|education
|daily_life
Příklady
- I can’t read the doctor’s writing.
- Your writing is much neater when you use this pen.
- The note was in small, careful writing.
Učební příklady
- My writing is messy.
- Her writing is easy to read.
Podstatné jméno
B2
role
5
professional authorship
writing as a job or career
Vzorec užití:
go into [writing]; make a living from [writing]
Synonyma
authorship (more formal; emphasizes being the author of works)
|
journalism (specifically writing or reporting news)
|
copywriting (specifically commercial or advertising writing)
Kolokace
writing career
|freelance writing
|professional writing
|writing job
|writing work
|make a living from writing
|get into writing
|full-time writing
|screenwriting
|technical writing
Témata
careers
|literature
|media
|arts
Příklady
- She left her office job to focus on writing full time.
- It can be difficult to make a living from writing.
- After years in teaching, he moved into travel writing.
Učební příklady
- She wants a career in writing.
- He earns money from writing.
Podstatné jméno
formal
C1
entity
6
collected written works
all or many of the things that someone has written
Vzorec užití:
[someone's] writings; the writings of [someone/group]
Častá chyba:
This meaning is usually plural: “the writings of Toni Morrison,” not usually “the writing of Toni Morrison” when referring to her works as a collection.
Synonyma
works (common general term for an author's books, essays, or other creations)
|
texts (often used in academic discussion)
|
oeuvre (formal; refers to an artist's or author's complete body of work)
Kolokace
collected writings
|published writings
|early writings
|later writings
|religious writings
|political writings
|philosophical writings
|historical writings
|the writings of scholars
|ancient writings
Témata
literature
|academia
|history
|religion
Příklady
- The course examines the political writings of several twentieth-century thinkers.
- Her early writings already show the themes that shaped her later novels.
- The museum displayed letters, notebooks, and other unpublished writings.
Učební příklady
- We read the writer’s early writings.
- His writings are studied at many universities.
Gramatika
Slovníkový tvar
writing
IPA
GB/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
US/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
Slabiky a přízvuk
writ - ing (2 slabiky)
Stress on 1st syllable (writ)
Tvary slova
Noun
- Base: writing
- Plural: writing
Výrazy
as of this writing
1/ˈæz əv ðˈɪs ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
fixed phrase
formal
when this is written
at the time this text is written
Příklady
- As of this writing, the company has not responded to our questions.
- The bill is still under review as of this writing.
- As of this writing, tickets for the concert are still available.
creative writing
1/kɹiˈeɪtɪv ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
fixed phrase
Writing that uses imagination and originality
Writing stories, poems, or other works that show imagination.
Příklady
- She teaches a course in creative writing.
- Creative writing lets students explore their imagination.
creative writing
1/kɹiˈeɪtɪv ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
fixed phrase
artistic written composition
writing stories, poems, or other imaginative texts
Příklady
- She took a creative writing course to work on her short stories.
- The school offers creative writing workshops for teenagers.
- His interest in creative writing began with poetry.
in writing
1/ˈɪn ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
fixed phrase
in written form
written down, not just spoken
Příklady
- Please confirm the agreement in writing before we begin the project.
- The landlord gave us permission in writing.
- I won’t accept the offer unless I have it in writing.
put something in writing
1/pˈʊt sˈʌmθɪŋ ˈɪn ɹˈaɪtɪŋ/
fixed phrase
write something formally
to write something down so people can refer to it later
Příklady
- If the company promises a refund, ask them to put it in writing.
- She put her complaint in writing and sent it to the manager.
- We discussed the plan by phone, but we still need to put the details in writing.
the writing is on the wall
1/ðə ɹˈaɪtɪŋ ˈɪz ˈɔn ðə wˈɔl/
idiom
bad outcome is clear
it is clear that something bad will happen soon
Příklady
- After months of falling sales, the writing was on the wall for the company.
- When the team lost its biggest client, everyone could see the writing on the wall.
- She read the writing on the wall and started looking for a new job.
writing prompt
1/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ pɹˈɑmpt/
fixed phrase
idea or question to start writing
A short sentence, idea, or question that helps you begin a piece of writing.
Příklady
- The teacher gave the class a writing prompt about their favorite place.
- Use this writing prompt if you don’t know how to start your story.
writing prompt
1/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ pɹˈɑmpt/
fixed phrase
idea to start writing
a topic or question that helps you start writing
Příklady
- The teacher gave the class a writing prompt about a memorable journey.
- Use this writing prompt to begin your journal entry.
- The app generates daily writing prompts for fiction writers.
writing skills
1/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ skˈɪlz/
fixed phrase
ability to write well
the ability to write clearly and well
Příklady
- The job requires strong writing skills and attention to detail.
- Reading more can help students improve their writing skills.
- The test measures speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills.
writing system
1/ɹˈaɪtɪŋ sˈɪstəm/
fixed phrase
symbols for a language
the letters or symbols a language uses for writing
Příklady
- Japanese uses a writing system that includes kanji and kana.
- Children usually learn the sounds of a language before they learn its writing system.
- The course introduces the Arabic writing system step by step.