abject
gb/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/ us/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/
C1
英語
nyomorúságos, teljes, csúfos, megalázkodó, szolgalelkű
C1
FORMAL
1
nyomorúságos
B2
用法パターン：
abject + [poverty/misery/squalor]
Many families lived in abject poverty after the factory closed.
A gyár bezárása után sok család mélyszegénységben élt.
The report described abject conditions in the overcrowded camps.
A jelentés nyomorúságos körülményeket írt le a túlzsúfolt táborokban.
He had been reduced to abject misery by years of illness and debt.
学習者向け例文
Some people live in abject poverty.
Vannak, akik mélyszegénységben élnek.
The refugees faced abject conditions.
A menekültek nyomorúságos körülményekkel szembesültek.
よくある間違い：
Do not confuse abject with object; abject is an adjective meaning 'extremely bad' or 'miserable.'
意味
extremely poor and miserable
コロケーション
abject poverty
|abject misery
|abject squalor
|abject destitution
|abject conditions
|abject hardship
類義語
destitute (focuses on having no money or possessions.)
|
wretched (emphasizes deep unhappiness and suffering.)
|
miserable (more general; less intense and less formal.)
対義語
prosperous (having money and success rather than severe poverty.)
|
comfortable (free from hardship and severe suffering.)
テーマ
hardship
|poverty
|emotions
|society
定義
very poor, very unhappy, and in a terrible situation
Extremely bad and difficult, especially because of severe poverty, suffering, or misery.
C1
FORMAL
2
用法パターン：
abject + [failure/defeat/disaster/humiliation]
The project ended in abject failure.
A projekt teljes kudarcba fulladt.
Their team suffered an abject defeat at home.
A csapat hazai pályán csúfos vereséget szenvedett.
It was an abject disaster from the very first day.
学習者向け例文
The plan was an abject failure.
A terv teljes kudarc volt.
They had an abject defeat.
Csúfos vereséget szenvedtek.
よくある間違い：
Abject usually intensifies negative nouns (failure, defeat, humiliation); it is not used for positive ideas (not *abject success*).
意味
complete and total (very bad)
コロケーション
abject failure
|abject defeat
|abject disaster
|abject humiliation
|abject embarrassment
|abject panic
|abject confusion
|abject apology
類義語
utter (common intensifier; less formal than abject.)
|
total (neutral emphasis on completeness, not necessarily shame.)
|
complete (emphasizes fullness; can be less emotionally charged.)
対義語
qualified (not complete; limited in extent.)
|
partial (only in part, not total.)
テーマ
evaluation
|business
|sports
|emotions
定義
used to say something is completely bad or unsuccessful
Complete and total, used to emphasize how bad, shameful, or unsuccessful something is.
C2
FORMAL
3
megalázkodó
C1
szolgalelkű
C1
用法パターン：
abject + [submission/obedience/servility]
She refused to show abject submission to her boss.
Nem volt hajlandó megalázkodó engedelmességet tanúsítani a főnökével szemben.
His abject obedience made everyone uncomfortable.
Szolgalelkű engedelmessége mindenkit feszélyezett.
The leader demanded not cooperation but abject loyalty.
学習者向け例文
He would not give abject obedience.
Nem volt hajlandó szolgalelkű engedelmességet tanúsítani.
She hated his abject submission.
Utálta a megalázkodó behódolását.
よくある間違い：
Abject in this sense is negative; it criticizes behavior as humiliating, not politely respectful.
意味
shamefully submissive or servile
コロケーション
abject submission
|abject obedience
|abject servility
|abject deference
|abject dependence
類義語
servile (directly means overly obedient, often to gain advantage.)
|
cringing (suggests fearful, self-protective submission.)
|
groveling (emphasizes begging or humiliating oneself.)
対義語
proud (showing self-respect rather than degradation.)
|
defiant (resisting authority instead of submitting.)
テーマ
relationships
|emotions
|society
|power
定義
too obedient in a way that seems shameful
Showing a lack of pride or courage in a way that seems degrading, especially by being too willing to obey or please someone.
文法
辞書形
abject
IPA
GB/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/
US/ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/
音節・強勢
ab - ject （2音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (ab)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: abject
関連語
Core family
abjectly
adverb
Advanced or less common
abjection
noun
表現
abject defeat
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt dɪfˈit/
fixed phrase
formal
humiliating loss
a very bad, total loss
例文
- The champion suffered an abject defeat in the final.
- It was an abject defeat that shocked the fans.
- They turned a likely win into an abject defeat with simple mistakes.
学習者向け例文
- They suffered an abject defeat.
abject failure
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt fˈeɪljɚ/
fixed phrase
formal
complete failure
a total failure
例文
- The marketing campaign was an abject failure.
- Negotiations ended in abject failure after weeks of talks.
- Their attempt to fix the problem turned into an abject failure.
学習者向け例文
- The plan was an abject failure.
abject humiliation
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt hjumˌɪliˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
extreme humiliation
extreme embarrassment and shame
例文
- He described the incident as a moment of abject humiliation.
- Publicly correcting her like that caused abject humiliation.
- They feared abject humiliation if the plan failed.
学習者向け例文
- He felt abject humiliation.
abject misery
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt mˈɪzɚi/
fixed phrase
formal
extreme suffering and unhappiness
extreme unhappiness and suffering
例文
- After the war, many people lived in abject misery.
- The novel portrays the abject misery of life in the slums.
- He sank into abject misery when he lost his job and home.
学習者向け例文
- They lived in abject misery.
abject poverty
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt pˈɑvɚti/
fixed phrase
formal
extreme poverty
extremely severe poverty
例文
- The charity works with children living in abject poverty.
- They escaped abject poverty through education and steady work.
- The documentary showed whole communities trapped in abject poverty.
学習者向け例文
- Some families live in abject poverty.
abject submission
1/æbd͡ʒˈɛkt sʌbmˈɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
shameful submission
being too obedient in a shameful way
例文
- The regime demanded abject submission from the press.
- She would not accept abject submission as the price of peace.
- His apology sounded like abject submission rather than regret.