attrition
gb/ətɹˈɪʃən/ us/ətɹˈɪʃən/
C1
英語
lemorzsolódás, kopás, felőrlő hadviselés, felőrlő háború, fogkopás, attríció
名詞
C1
BUSINESS
1
用法パターン：
attrition (of) [a group/number]; attrition in [an organization/industry]; reduce attrition
The company is trying to cut attrition by improving pay and scheduling.
A cég a bérek és a munkabeosztás javításával próbálja csökkenteni a lemorzsolódást.
Over the past year, the team’s attrition has been highest among new hires.
Az elmúlt évben a csapatban az új belépők körében volt a legmagasabb a lemorzsolódás.
Budget cuts and attrition reduced the department to half its previous size.
学習者向け例文
There is a lot of attrition in our company.
Sok a lemorzsolódás a cégünknél.
We want to reduce employee attrition.
Csökkenteni akarjuk a dolgozói lemorzsolódást.
よくある間違い：
Often confused with attribution (saying who caused something) because the words look similar.
意味
gradual reduction through continual losses
コロケーション
employee attrition
|staff attrition
|customer attrition
|high attrition
|low attrition
|annual attrition
|attrition rate
|reduce attrition
|manage attrition
|attrition levels
類義語
decline (More general; not necessarily caused by ongoing losses.)
|
drop-off (More informal; often refers to participation or interest.)
|
shrinkage (Often used for size/amount and sometimes for retail loss.)
対義語
growth (An increase rather than a decrease over time.)
|
expansion (Becoming larger in size or scope instead of shrinking.)
|
retention (Keeping people (e.g., employees/customers) rather than losing them.)
テーマ
business
|work
|organizations
|statistics
定義
Attrition is a slow decrease because people or things keep leaving or being lost.
A gradual decrease in number, size, or strength that happens as people or things are lost over time and not replaced.
名詞
C2
TECHNICAL
2
kopás
B1
用法パターン：
attrition of [a material/surface]; attrition between [surfaces]; attrition damage
Engineers measured attrition on the conveyor belt after months of heavy use.
A mérnökök hónapokig tartó intenzív használat után megmérték a szállítószalag kopását.
The stones became smooth through attrition as they rolled against each other.
A kövek a folyamatos egymáshoz dörzsölődés miatt simává váltak.
The coating was designed to limit attrition in high-friction conditions.
学習者向け例文
The metal shows attrition where parts rub together.
A fémen kopás látható ott, ahol az alkatrészek egymáshoz dörzsölődnek.
よくある間違い：
Learners may use erosion for all cases; erosion is often caused by wind/water, while attrition emphasizes rubbing/abrasion between surfaces.
意味
wearing away by rubbing
コロケーション
surface attrition
|mechanical attrition
|abrasive attrition
|attrition resistance
|attrition testing
|attrition damage
|attrition wear
|particle attrition
|high-attrition environment
|reduce attrition
類義語
abrasion (More common technical term for wearing by rubbing.)
|
wear (Broader; can include many types of damage over time.)
対義語
preservation (Keeping something in its original condition rather than wearing down.)
|
protection (Preventing or limiting wear and damage.)
テーマ
science
|materials
|engineering
定義
Attrition is when something slowly wears away because it keeps rubbing.
The process of a surface or material gradually being worn down by friction, rubbing, or repeated contact.
名詞
C2
TECHNICAL
3
用法パターン：
a strategy of attrition; win by attrition; attrition tactics
Neither side could break through, so the conflict turned into attrition.
Mivel egyik fél sem tudott áttörni, a konfliktus felőrlő háborúvá vált.
The generals expected attrition to favor the larger army over time.
A tábornokok arra számítottak, hogy a felőrlő hadviselés idővel a nagyobb hadseregnek kedvez majd.
The campaign relied on attrition, cutting supply lines and forcing constant small losses.
学習者向け例文
The war became a fight of attrition.
A háború felőrlő háborúvá vált.
よくある間違い：
May be mistaken for surrender; attrition is a method of fighting, not the act of giving up.
意味
wearing down an enemy gradually
コロケーション
strategy of attrition
|warfare of attrition
|battle of attrition
|attrition tactics
|mutual attrition
|sustained attrition
|heavy attrition
|fight an attrition campaign
|win by attrition
|attrition losses
類義語
wearing down (Plain-language equivalent; less formal.)
対義語
blitzkrieg (A fast, decisive attack rather than a long wearing-down campaign.)
|
decisive victory (A quick conclusive win rather than gradual weakening.)
テーマ
military
|politics
|history
定義
In war, attrition means slowly weakening the other side by causing many losses.
A strategy of weakening an opponent over time by inflicting continuous losses rather than aiming for a quick decisive victory.
名詞
C2
TECHNICAL
4
用法パターン：
dental attrition; attrition of the teeth; signs of attrition
The dentist noted attrition on the molars consistent with nighttime grinding.
A fogorvos az őrlőfogakon az éjszakai fogcsikorgatásnak megfelelő fogkopást észlelt.
A mouth guard can reduce further attrition caused by clenching.
Egy fogvédő csökkentheti a szorítás okozta további fogkopást.
Years of grinding led to noticeable attrition and tooth sensitivity.
学習者向け例文
Grinding can cause attrition of your teeth.
A fogcsikorgatás fogkopást okozhat.
よくある間違い：
Often confused with erosion of teeth (damage from acids); attrition is mainly from contact and friction.
意味
tooth wear from grinding
コロケーション
dental attrition
|tooth attrition
|occlusal attrition
|severe attrition
|signs of attrition
|attrition facets
|attrition due to grinding
|nighttime attrition
|manage attrition
|prevent attrition
類義語
tooth wear (More general everyday term; less specific about cause.)
対義語
enamel preservation (Keeping enamel intact rather than wearing it down.)
テーマ
health
|medicine
|dentistry
定義
In dentistry, attrition is when teeth slowly wear down, often from grinding.
The gradual wearing down of teeth, especially from tooth-to-tooth contact such as grinding or clenching.
文法
辞書形
attrition
IPA
GB/ətɹˈɪʃən/
US/ətɹˈɪʃən/
音節・強勢
at - tri - tion （3音節）
Stress on 2nd syllable (tri)
活用形
Noun
- Base: attrition
- Plural: attrition
関連語
表現
attrition rate
1/ətɹˈɪʃən ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
business
percentage lost over time
The attrition rate is how fast people leave (usually shown as a percent).
例文
- The department’s attrition rate fell after flexible work was introduced.
- We track the monthly attrition rate for new customers.
- A 20% annual attrition rate is too high for a small team.
学習者向け例文
- Our attrition rate is 10% this year.
customer attrition
1/kˈʌstəmɚ ətɹˈɪʃən/
fixed phrase
business
customers leaving a service
Customer attrition is when customers stop using a company over time.
例文
- Poor support led to customer attrition in the first three months.
- The company redesigned onboarding to reduce customer attrition.
- A price rise can increase customer attrition if competitors are cheaper.
学習者向け例文
- We want to reduce customer attrition.
employee attrition
1/ɪmplˈɔɪi ətɹˈɪʃən/
fixed phrase
business
employees leaving over time
Employee attrition is when workers leave a company over time.
例文
- Employee attrition rose after the company ended remote work.
- The HR team ran surveys to understand the causes of employee attrition.
- Training costs increased because of high employee attrition.
学習者向け例文
- Employee attrition is high in this industry.
natural attrition
1/nˈæt͡ʃɚəl ətɹˈɪʃən/
fixed phrase
business
loss without layoffs or removals
Natural attrition means fewer workers because people leave naturally, not because they are fired.
例文
- The agency planned to shrink through natural attrition rather than layoffs.
- Over two years, natural attrition reduced the workforce by 8%.
- They froze hiring and relied on natural attrition to cut costs.
学習者向け例文
- The company reduced staff through natural attrition.
war of attrition
1/wˈɔɹ əv ətɹˈɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
long conflict of gradual losses
A war of attrition is a long fight where both sides slowly lose people and resources.
例文
- The conflict became a war of attrition with no clear path to a quick victory.
- Both armies settled into a war of attrition, trading small gains for heavy losses.
- Commentators warned that the campaign could turn into a war of attrition.
学習者向け例文
- The war turned into a war of attrition.