bottleneck
gb/bˈɑtəlnˌɛk/ us/bˈɑtəlnˌɛk/
B2
英語
szűk keresztmetszet, torlódási pont, palack nyaka, lelassít, szűk keresztmetszetet okoz
名詞
B2
1
用法パターン：
a bottleneck in [a process/system]; [something] creates/causes/removes a bottleneck
The approval stage has become the main bottleneck in the hiring process.
A jóváhagyási szakasz lett a felvételi folyamat fő szűk keresztmetszete.
Old database servers created a bottleneck for the entire website.
A régi adatbázis-szerverek jelentették az egész weboldal fő szűk keresztmetszetét.
The company hired more support staff to remove a major customer-service bottleneck.
学習者向け例文
Shipping is the bottleneck in our project.
A szállítás a projektünk szűk keresztmetszete.
One slow computer can be a bottleneck for the whole team.
Egy lassú számítógép az egész csapat számára szűk keresztmetszet lehet.
よくある間違い：
Do not use it for any small problem; a bottleneck specifically slows the flow or progress of a larger system.
意味
point that slows progress
コロケーション
major bottleneck
|serious bottleneck
|main bottleneck
|create a bottleneck
|cause a bottleneck
|identify a bottleneck
|remove a bottleneck
|production bottleneck
|supply-chain bottleneck
|performance bottleneck
類義語
constraint (more general and often more formal; anything that limits action or capacity)
|
choke point (emphasizes a narrow or overloaded point where flow is restricted)
|
obstacle (broader; something that blocks progress, not necessarily by limiting flow)
対義語
enabler (something that makes progress easier rather than slowing it)
|
streamlined process (a process designed to move smoothly without delays)
テーマ
business
|work
|technology
|logistics
|productivity
定義
the part of a process that makes the whole process slower
a point, step, person, or problem in a process or system that has too little capacity and slows everything else down
名詞
B2
2
用法パターン：
a bottleneck on/at [a road/place]
The bridge is a bottleneck during the morning commute.
A híd a reggeli ingázás idején szűk keresztmetszetet jelent.
Security screening became a bottleneck when several flights arrived at once.
A biztonsági ellenőrzés szűk keresztmetszetté vált, amikor egyszerre több járat érkezett.
The new lane should help ease the bottleneck near the tunnel.
学習者向け例文
This road is a bottleneck at 8 a.m.
Ez az út reggel nyolckor szűk keresztmetszet.
The small gate caused a bottleneck at the entrance.
A kis kapu szűk keresztmetszetet okozott a bejáratnál.
よくある間違い：
A bottleneck is usually the place or cause of the delay; a traffic jam is the line of stopped or slow vehicles.
意味
narrow congested place
コロケーション
traffic bottleneck
|road bottleneck
|rush-hour bottleneck
|bridge bottleneck
|airport bottleneck
|border bottleneck
|create a bottleneck
|ease a bottleneck
|clear a bottleneck
|avoid a bottleneck
類義語
choke point (very close in meaning; often used for strategic or traffic-related narrow points)
|
pinch point (often used in traffic or engineering contexts)
|
constriction (more physical or technical; a narrowing)
対義語
open stretch (a place where movement can continue freely)
|
wide section (the opposite of a narrow point)
テーマ
transport
|traffic
|urban_life
|logistics
定義
a place where movement becomes slow because the space is too narrow or too busy
a narrow or crowded place where traffic, people, goods, or other movement is forced to slow down or stop
名詞
B2
3
palack nyaka
A2
用法パターン：
the bottleneck of [a bottle]; around/through the bottleneck
She tied a ribbon around the bottleneck.
Szalagot kötött a palack nyakára.
The bottleneck was too narrow for the cleaning brush.
A palack nyaka túl keskeny volt a tisztítókeféhez.
A cork was stuck inside the bottleneck.
学習者向け例文
He held the bottle by the bottleneck.
A palackot a nyakánál fogta.
The bottleneck is very narrow.
A palack nyaka nagyon keskeny.
よくある間違い：
In ordinary speech, people often say “the neck of the bottle” for this literal meaning.
意味
narrow top of bottle
コロケーション
narrow bottleneck
|long bottleneck
|glass bottleneck
|around the bottleneck
|through the bottleneck
|hold the bottleneck
類義語
neck (the usual everyday word for the narrow top part of a bottle)
|
mouth (refers more specifically to the opening of the bottle)
対義語
base (the bottom part of the bottle)
|
body (the wider main part of the bottle)
テーマ
objects
|containers
|daily_life
定義
the narrow part at the top of a bottle
the narrow upper part of a bottle, near the opening
動詞
C1
4
用法パターン：
[something] bottlenecks [a process/system]; [a process/system] is bottlenecked by/at [something]
A shortage of inspectors bottlenecked the construction schedule.
Az ellenőrhiány lelassította az építkezés ütemtervét.
Requests were bottlenecked at the review stage.
A kérelmek az ellenőrzési szakaszban akadtak el.
The narrow exit bottlenecked the crowd after the concert.
学習者向け例文
The slow printer bottlenecked the office work.
A lassú nyomtató lelassította az irodai munkát.
Our project was bottlenecked by one approval form.
A projektünket egyetlen jóváhagyási űrlap akasztotta meg.
よくある間違い：
This verb is less common than the noun and is often used in the passive form, as in “The process is bottlenecked at the review stage.”
意味
slow or restrict progress
コロケーション
bottleneck production
|bottleneck traffic
|bottleneck performance
|bottleneck the process
|bottleneck the system
|be bottlenecked by
|be bottlenecked at
|get bottlenecked
類義語
constrain (more formal; limit what is possible)
|
hold up (more informal; delay progress)
|
slow down (more general and simpler; reduce speed)
|
restrict (limit movement, amount, or progress)
対義語
streamline (make a process smoother and faster)
|
speed up (make something move or happen faster)
|
facilitate (make progress easier)
テーマ
business
|technology
|logistics
|transport
定義
to make a process or flow slower at one point
to slow or restrict the movement, progress, or capacity of something by creating a bottleneck
文法
辞書形
bottleneck
IPA
GB/bˈɑtəlnˌɛk/
US/bˈɑtəlnˌɛk/
音節・強勢
bot - tle - neck （3音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (bot)
活用形
Noun
- Base: bottleneck
- Plural: bottlenecks
Verb
- Base: bottleneck
- 3rd Person Singular: bottlenecks
- Present Participle: bottlenecking
- Past: bottlenecked
表現
bottleneck effect
1/bˈɑtəlnˌɛk ɪfˈɛkt/
fixed phrase
technical
reduced genetic diversity
a situation where many members of a species die, so the remaining population has less genetic variety
例文
- The island fox population shows signs of a bottleneck effect after a severe decline in the 1990s.
- Conservation biologists worry that the bottleneck effect can make a species more vulnerable to disease.
- A small founding population may produce a bottleneck effect even if the population later becomes large.
学習者向け例文
- The bottleneck effect can reduce genetic diversity.
- After many animals died, the species suffered a bottleneck effect.