broken
gb/bɹˈoʊkən/ us/bɹˈoʊkən/
A2
英語
elromlott, hibás, törött, rosszul működő, diszfunkcionális, megszegett, be nem tartott, szaggatott, megtört, összetört, tört, eltör, megdönt, megszeg
A2
1
用法パターン：
[something] is broken; a broken [thing]
The washing machine is broken, so we have to go to the laundromat.
Elromlott a mosógép, ezért mosodába kell mennünk.
Don't sit on that chair; one of the legs is broken.
Ne ülj arra a székre; az egyik lába el van törve.
She dropped her phone, and now the screen is broken.
学習者向け例文
My computer is broken.
Elromlott a számítógépem.
The doorbell is broken.
Elromlott a csengő.
We need to fix the broken window.
よくある間違い：
Use broken for things that are damaged or not working. Use broke, not broken, to mean having no money in informal English.
意味
damaged or not working
コロケーション
broken phone
|broken screen
|broken chair
|broken window
|broken lock
|broken machine
|broken computer
|broken car
|get broken
|fix something broken
類義語
damaged (general word for harmed or spoiled)
|
faulty (not working correctly, often because of a defect)
|
out of order (used especially for machines or public facilities)
対義語
working (working normally; not damaged)
|
intact (complete and not damaged)
|
undamaged (not harmed or spoiled)
テーマ
core_vocabulary
|daily_life
|technology
|housing
|transportation
定義
If something is broken, it is damaged or does not work.
Damaged, faulty, or no longer able to work or be used normally.
A2
2
törött
A2
用法パターン：
a broken [bone/body part]; [someone] has a broken [bone/body part]
He missed the final because of a broken ankle.
Törött bokája miatt kihagyta a döntőt.
The X-ray showed that she had two broken ribs.
A röntgen kimutatta, hogy két bordája eltört.
A broken arm usually needs a cast for several weeks.
学習者向け例文
He has a broken leg.
Eltört a lába.
My sister got a broken wrist in the game.
A húgomnak eltört a csuklója a mérkőzésen.
The doctor looked at my broken finger.
よくある間違い：
Say I have a broken leg or I broke my leg, not my leg is break.
意味
bone fractured by injury
コロケーション
broken arm
|broken leg
|broken bone
|broken wrist
|broken ankle
|broken rib
|broken nose
|badly broken
|suffer a broken bone
|recover from a broken leg
類義語
fractured (medical or more formal term for a broken bone)
|
cracked (often suggests a smaller or less serious break)
|
injured (broader; may or may not involve a broken bone)
対義語
unbroken (not fractured)
|
healed (recovered after injury)
|
healthy (not injured)
テーマ
health
|body
|core_vocabulary
定義
A broken arm, leg, or bone has been cracked or split by an injury.
Injured because a bone has cracked or separated.
B2
3
用法パターン：
a broken [system/process/relationship]; [something] is broken
Many voters feel the political system is broken.
Sok választó úgy érzi, hogy a politikai rendszer nem működik.
The company's hiring process was broken and full of delays.
A cég munkaerő-felvételi folyamata rosszul működött, és rengeteg csúszással járt.
After months of arguments, their relationship felt broken.
学習者向け例文
The old system is broken.
A régi rendszer nem működik.
Their marriage was broken before they separated.
A házasságuk már azelőtt nem működött, hogy különváltak.
We need to improve this broken process.
よくある間違い：
This use is often metaphorical and strong. For small problems, words like flawed or inefficient may be more appropriate.
意味
not functioning effectively
コロケーション
broken system
|broken process
|broken relationship
|broken marriage
|broken healthcare system
|broken model
|broken culture
|broken workflow
|deeply broken
|fundamentally broken
類義語
dysfunctional (not working well because of serious internal problems)
|
flawed (has weaknesses or defects, but may still work partly)
|
failing (no longer succeeding or performing well)
対義語
effective (working well and producing the intended result)
|
functional (working normally)
|
healthy (sound and not seriously damaged)
テーマ
society
|business
|work
|relationships
|government
定義
If a system or relationship is broken, it has serious problems and does not work well.
Not operating in an effective, fair, or sensible way, especially when referring to a system, process, institution, or relationship.
B1
4
megszegett
B1
用法パターン：
a broken [promise/agreement/rule]; broken trust
The campaign was followed by years of broken promises.
A kampányt éveken át be nem tartott ígéretek követték.
A broken contract can lead to legal action.
A szerződés megszegése jogi lépésekhez vezethet.
The friendship never fully recovered from the broken trust between them.
学習者向け例文
He was angry about the broken promise.
Dühös volt a megszegett ígéret miatt.
There are consequences for broken rules.
A szabályok megszegésének következményei vannak.
Broken trust is hard to repair.
よくある間違い：
A person breaks a promise or rule; the result is a broken promise or a broken rule.
意味
not kept or honored
コロケーション
broken promise
|broken agreement
|broken contract
|broken rule
|broken vow
|broken commitment
|broken trust
|leave promises broken
|a series of broken promises
類義語
unkept (not kept, especially a promise)
|
breached (broken in a formal or legal way)
|
violated (not obeyed or respected)
対義語
kept (not broken; honored as promised)
|
honored (respected and carried out)
|
fulfilled (completed as promised or required)
テーマ
communication
|relationships
|business
|law
定義
A broken promise, rule, or agreement has not been kept or obeyed.
Not kept, honored, or obeyed, especially when referring to a promise, agreement, rule, or commitment.
B1
5
szaggatott
B1
用法パターン：
broken [sleep/line/rhythm/conversation]
New parents often survive on broken sleep.
Az újdonsült szülők gyakran csak szaggatott alvással vészelik át ezt az időszakot.
A broken white line means you may pass if the road is clear.
A szaggatott fehér vonal azt jelenti, hogy előzhetsz, ha szabad az út.
He spoke in short, broken sentences after the accident.
学習者向け例文
I had broken sleep last night.
Tegnap éjjel szaggatottan aludtam.
Draw a broken line on the paper.
Rajzolj egy szaggatott vonalat a papírra.
The phone call was broken and hard to hear.
よくある間違い：
For sleep, broken sleep is usually uncountable: say I had broken sleep, not I had a broken sleep.
意味
interrupted or not continuous
コロケーション
broken sleep
|broken line
|broken rhythm
|broken conversation
|broken sentences
|broken sequence
|broken pattern
|broken silence
|a broken connection
類義語
interrupted (stopped and started again)
|
uneven (not smooth or regular)
|
irregular (not following a regular pattern)
|
discontinuous (having gaps rather than being continuous)
対義語
continuous (without gaps or interruptions)
|
uninterrupted (not interrupted)
|
unbroken (smooth and regular)
テーマ
time
|communication
|daily_life
定義
If something is broken in this sense, it stops and starts or has gaps.
Not continuous, regular, or complete; interrupted by gaps, pauses, or breaks.
B2
6
用法パターン：
[someone] is/feels broken; a broken [person/man/woman]
After the trial, he looked like a broken man.
A tárgyalás után megtört embernek látszott.
The loss left her feeling completely broken.
A veszteség miatt teljesen összetörtnek érezte magát.
Therapy helped him rebuild a life after years of feeling broken.
学習者向け例文
She felt broken after the breakup.
A szakítás után összetörtnek érezte magát.
He was broken by grief.
A gyász megtörte.
I felt broken, but my friends helped me.
よくある間違い：
This is a strong, dramatic word for emotional pain. For ordinary sadness, use sad, upset, or unhappy.
意味
emotionally crushed or damaged
コロケーション
feel broken
|emotionally broken
|broken inside
|a broken man
|a broken person
|left someone broken
|broken by grief
|broken by trauma
類義語
devastated (extremely upset, especially by bad news or loss)
|
shattered (very upset or emotionally damaged)
|
crushed (defeated or deeply hurt)
|
traumatized (hurt by a severe experience)
対義語
resilient (able to recover from emotional difficulty)
|
healed (emotionally recovered)
|
whole (emotionally complete or undamaged)
テーマ
emotions
|relationships
|health
定義
If a person feels broken, they feel very hurt, weak, or unable to cope emotionally.
Deeply upset, defeated, or psychologically damaged by painful experiences.
B2
7
tört
B2
用法パターン：
broken [language]; in broken [language]
He asked for directions in broken English, and a friendly passerby helped him.
Tört angolsággal kért útbaigazítást, és egy kedves járókelő segített neki.
The note was written in broken Spanish, but we understood the main idea.
Az üzenet tört spanyolsággal íródott, de a lényeget megértettük.
She explained the problem in a few broken phrases.
学習者向け例文
He speaks broken English.
Tört angolsággal beszél.
I answered in broken French.
Tört franciasággal válaszoltam.
Her broken Spanish was enough to buy a ticket.
よくある間違い：
This phrase can sound dismissive or rude. In polite contexts, limited English, basic English, or not fluent in English is often better.
意味
imperfect nonfluent language
コロケーション
broken English
|broken French
|broken Spanish
|speak in broken English
|write in broken English
|a few broken phrases
|halting and broken speech
類義語
limited (more polite and less judgmental)
|
imperfect (not perfect or fully correct)
|
halting (slow and with pauses)
対義語
fluent (able to speak or write smoothly and accurately)
|
native-like (like a first-language speaker)
|
polished (smooth, careful, and accurate)
テーマ
communication
|education
定義
Broken English or broken French is language spoken with many mistakes because the speaker is not fluent.
Spoken or written with many mistakes, pauses, or incomplete phrases, especially by someone who is not fluent in a language.
動詞
A2
8
用法パターン：
[someone/something] has/had broken [something]; [something] was/has been broken by [someone/something]
I've broken my glasses again.
Már megint eltörtem a szemüvegemet.
The record had stood for ten years before it was broken.
A rekord tíz évig állt, mielőtt megdöntötték.
The lock was broken by force.
学習者向け例文
I have broken my cup.
Eltörtem a bögrémet.
She has broken the rule before.
Már korábban is megszegte a szabályt.
The window was broken by a ball.
よくある間違い：
Use broken after have, has, or had: I have broken it, not I have broke it.
意味
past participle of break
コロケーション
have broken
|has broken
|had broken
|was broken by
|been broken
|broken the law
|broken a record
|broken into pieces
|broken off
テーマ
core_vocabulary
|communication
|education
定義
Broken is the form of break used in sentences like I have broken it and It was broken.
The past participle of break, used with have to form perfect tenses and with be to form passive verb forms.
文法
辞書形
broken
IPA
GB/bɹˈoʊkən/
US/bɹˈoʊkən/
音節・強勢
broken （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (broken)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: broken
表現
a broken clock is right twice a day
1/ə bɹˈoʊkən klˈɑk ˈɪz ɹˈaɪt twˈaɪs ə dˈeɪ/
idiom
informal
wrong thing occasionally right
This saying means that even someone who is often wrong can sometimes be right.
例文
- I don't trust his predictions, but a broken clock is right twice a day.
- She guessed the result correctly, but even a broken clock is right twice a day.
- The policy happened to work once; that doesn't prove it was smart—a broken clock is right twice a day.
学習者向け例文
- He was right this time, but a broken clock is right twice a day.
- I guessed the answer, but a broken clock is right twice a day.
- Don't follow all his advice just because one idea worked; a broken clock is right twice a day.
broken heart
1/bɹˈoʊkən hˈɑɹt/
fixed phrase
deep emotional sadness
A broken heart is the strong sadness you feel when love ends or someone you love is gone.
例文
- It took her a long time to recover from a broken heart.
- Songs about broken hearts are always popular.
- He tried to hide his broken heart after the breakup.
学習者向け例文
- She had a broken heart after he left.
- This movie is about love and a broken heart.
- Time can help heal a broken heart.
broken home
1/bɹˈoʊkən hˈoʊm/
fixed phrase
family after parental separation
A broken home is a family where the parents no longer live together, especially when children are involved.
例文
- The charity supports children from broken homes, but it avoids blaming their parents.
- He grew up in what people used to call a broken home.
- Teachers should not assume that every child from a broken home needs the same kind of help.
学習者向け例文
- He came from a broken home.
- The phrase broken home can sound old-fashioned.
- Not every child from a broken home is unhappy.
broken link
1/bɹˈoʊkən lˈɪŋk/
fixed phrase
technical
web link not working
A broken link is a link on a website that does not open the right page.
例文
- The report included several broken links to old government pages.
- Please tell us if you find a broken link on the website.
- The article was useful, but half the references were broken links.
学習者向け例文
- This page has a broken link.
- I clicked the broken link and got an error message.
- Can you fix the broken link on our site?
like a broken record
1/lˈaɪk ə bɹˈoʊkən ɹˈɛkɚd/
idiom
informal
repeating the same thing
If you sound like a broken record, you repeat the same idea too many times.
例文
- I know I sound like a broken record, but please back up your files.
- He kept complaining about the prices like a broken record.
- My coach sounds like a broken record because she tells us every day to stretch before running.
学習者向け例文
- Dad always says, like a broken record, that I should lock the door.
- I don't want to sound like a broken record, but finish your homework.
- She repeats the rule like a broken record.