cavity
gb/kˈævəti/ us/kˈævəti/
B1
英語
~ 9600
lyuk, szuvas üreg, üreg, testüreg, rezonátorüreg, üregrezonátor
名詞
B1
1
lyuk
A1
szuvas üreg
C1
用法パターン：
[someone] has a cavity in [a tooth]
The dentist found a small cavity in one of my back teeth.
A fogorvos egy kis szuvas lyukat talált az egyik hátsó fogamban.
If you don’t brush and floss regularly, you’re more likely to get cavities.
Ha nem mosol rendszeresen fogat és nem használsz fogselymet, nagyobb eséllyel lyukadnak ki a fogaid.
She had three cavities filled during her last visit to the dentist.
Sugar can speed up tooth decay and lead to cavities.
My son was nervous when he heard he had his first cavity.
学習者向け例文
The dentist says I have a cavity in my tooth.
A fogorvos szerint lyukas a fogam.
He went to the dentist to fill a cavity.
Fogorvoshoz ment, hogy betömjék a fogában lévő lyukat.
She brushes her teeth every day so she does not get cavities.
I am scared because I think I have a cavity.
The dentist showed me a picture of the cavity on my tooth.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes say *"I have a caries"* using the technical word "caries" as a count noun. In everyday English, people almost always say "I have a cavity" (countable) or "I have tooth decay" (uncountable).
意味
decayed hole in a tooth
コロケーション
tooth cavity
|dental cavity
|have a cavity
|fill a cavity
|treat a cavity
|cavity filling
類義語
tooth decay (Refers more to the disease and process, while "cavity" refers to the actual hole caused by that decay.)
対義語
healthy tooth (A healthy tooth has no decay and no cavity.)
テーマ
health
|daily life
|medicine
|body
定義
A hole in a tooth made by tooth decay.
A small hollow area in a tooth where the hard surface has been destroyed by decay.
B2
2
üreg
B2
用法パターン：
a cavity in [something]
The geologist pointed out a natural cavity in the side of the cliff.
A geológus rámutatott egy természetes üregre a sziklafal oldalában.
Water had collected in a small cavity beneath the concrete floor.
A betonpadló alatt egy kis üregben víz gyűlt össze.
Engineers discovered a large cavity under the road, which caused it to collapse.
The bird had built its nest in a cavity in the old tree trunk.
Air trapped in the cavity makes the material a better insulator.
学習者向け例文
There was a small cavity inside the rock.
A szikla belsejében volt egy kis üreg.
The ball broke when they found a big cavity in it.
Amikor a labda eltört, egy nagy üreget találtak benne.
Water filled the cavity under the house.
The animal slept in a cavity in the tree.
They found a hidden cavity behind the wall.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use only "hole" and do not realize that "cavity" usually suggests an enclosed or partly closed space inside something that seems solid, not just an opening on the surface.
意味
empty space inside something solid
コロケーション
cavity in the rock
|large cavity
|air-filled cavity
|cavity wall
|internal cavity
|hidden cavity
類義語
hollow ("Hollow" can mean any empty space or can describe something not solid inside; "cavity" usually refers more specifically to a defined space inside a solid object.)
対義語
solid (A solid object has no hollow or empty space inside, so there is no cavity.)
テーマ
science
|objects
|nature
|core_vocabulary
定義
An empty space inside something that looks solid from the outside.
An empty or hollow space inside a solid object or mass, often naturally formed or created by removal of material.
名詞
C1
TECHNICAL
3
testüreg
C1
用法パターン：
the [abdominal/chest/body] cavity
The surgeon made a small incision to access the abdominal cavity.
A sebész kis bemetszést ejtett, hogy hozzáférjen a hasüreghez.
Fluid had built up in the patient’s chest cavity, making it hard to breathe.
Folyadék gyűlt fel a beteg mellüregében, ami megnehezítette a légzést.
The brain is protected inside the cranial cavity of the skull.
These organs are all located within the pelvic cavity.
Infections in the body cavity can quickly become life-threatening.
学習者向け例文
The heart is in the chest cavity.
A szív a mellüregben található.
The doctor said there was blood in the abdominal cavity.
Az orvos azt mondta, hogy vér van a hasüregben.
These organs are inside a large body cavity.
Air in the chest cavity can be very dangerous.
The brain sits in the cranial cavity of the skull.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse "cavity" (a space that holds organs) with the organs themselves. The cavity is the space; the organs are inside it.
意味
internal body space containing organs
コロケーション
abdominal cavity
|chest cavity
|thoracic cavity
|cranial cavity
|pelvic cavity
|body cavity
類義語
body cavity (A more explicit term; "cavity" by itself in medical contexts often implies a particular body cavity like the abdominal or chest cavity.)
対義語
solid organ (A solid organ is made of tissue and is not a hollow body space; it is what the cavity contains or surrounds, not a cavity itself.)
テーマ
medicine
|biology
|anatomy
|body
|health
定義
A big space inside the body where important organs are placed.
In anatomy, a large internal space within the body that contains and protects organs.
名詞
C2
TECHNICAL
4
用法パターン：
a resonant cavity in [a device]
The laser’s output depends on the length of its optical cavity.
A lézer kimenő teljesítménye az optikai rezonátorüreg hosszától függ.
Microwave cavities are used to generate very stable frequencies.
Mikrohullámú üregrezonátorokat használnak nagyon stabil frekvenciák előállítására.
Adjusting the size of the resonant cavity changes the pitch of the sound produced.
The engineer redesigned the cavity to reduce power losses.
A cavity resonator can store electromagnetic energy at a particular frequency.
学習者向け例文
The laser has a special cavity to control the light.
A lézerben egy különleges rezonátorüreg szabályozza a fényt.
Engineers use a microwave cavity to create a stable signal.
A mérnökök mikrohullámú üregrezonátort használnak stabil jel létrehozására.
Changing the size of the cavity changes the sound.
The device sends waves into a metal cavity.
Light bounces many times inside the optical cavity.
よくある間違い：
Learners may try to use this technical sense in everyday contexts like teeth or rocks. In physics, a "cavity" is usually part of a designed system, not a random hole.
意味
enclosed hollow for controlling waves
コロケーション
resonant cavity
|optical cavity
|microwave cavity
|cavity resonator
|laser cavity
類義語
resonator (A "resonator" is any system that naturally vibrates at certain frequencies; a cavity resonator is a specific type that uses an enclosed hollow space.)
対義語
open system (An open system does not confine waves in an enclosed hollow space the way a cavity does.)
テーマ
science
|technology
|physics
定義
A special hollow space in a device that holds and controls sound or other waves.
In physics and engineering, an enclosed hollow space used to contain, guide, or strengthen waves such as sound, microwaves, or light.
文法
辞書形
cavity
IPA
GB/kˈævəti/
US/kˈævəti/
音節・強勢
cav - ity （2音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (cav)
活用形
Noun
- Base: cavity
- Plural: cavities
関連語
表現
cavity search
1/kˈævəti sˈɚt͡ʃ/
fixed phrase
technical
intrusive search of body cavities
A very close and invasive search where police or security officers check inside a person’s body cavities for hidden objects like drugs or weapons.
例文
- The suspect was subjected to a cavity search at the airport.
- Cavity searches are usually allowed only under strict legal conditions.
- The policy on when officers can perform a cavity search is very detailed.
cavity wall
1/kˈævəti wˈɔl/
fixed phrase
building wall with an air gap
A wall of a building that has two layers with an empty space between them, often for insulation.
例文
- They added insulation to the cavity wall to keep the house warmer.
- Many modern homes are built with cavity walls for better energy efficiency.
- Moisture in the cavity wall can cause serious damage over time.
chest cavity
1/t͡ʃˈɛst kˈævəti/
fixed phrase
technical
internal space in the chest
The space inside your chest where your heart and lungs are.
例文
- Blood had filled part of the chest cavity after the accident.
- Surgeons opened the chest cavity to reach the heart.
- Air leaking into the chest cavity can cause a lung to collapse.
have a cavity
1/hˈæv ə kˈævəti/
fixed phrase
to have tooth decay in a tooth
To have a hole in a tooth because of tooth decay.
例文
- I’m afraid I might have a cavity because my tooth hurts when I eat sweets.
- The dentist told him he has a cavity and needs a filling.
- Kids who drink a lot of soda often have cavities.
nasal cavity
1/nˈeɪzəl kˈævəti/
fixed phrase
technical
internal space inside the nose
The space inside your nose where air moves in and out when you breathe.
例文
- The virus infects cells in the nasal cavity first.
- A strong hit to the face can damage the nasal cavity.
- Doctors examined the nasal cavity for signs of infection.