cleft
gb/klˈɛft/ us/klˈɛft/
B2
英語
~ 9400
hasadék, ajak- és/vagy szájpadhasadék, hasadt, hasított, kettéhasít
名詞
C1
1
hasadék
B2
用法パターン：
a cleft in [something]
They sheltered for the night in a cleft in the rock.
Éjszakára egy sziklahasadékban húzódtak meg.
A thin stream of water ran down the cleft in the cliff face.
Vékony vízér csorgott lefelé a sziklafal hasadékában.
The actor’s cleft in his chin was part of his famous look.
Tree roots had forced open a cleft in the stone wall.
Sunlight poured through a cleft in the dark clouds.
学習者向け例文
We sat in a cleft in the rock by the sea.
A tenger melletti szikla hasadékában ültünk.
Rainwater slowly filled the cleft in the ground.
Az esővíz lassan megtöltötte a földben lévő hasadékot.
She touched the small cleft in his chin and smiled.
The plant grew in a cleft between two stones.
Light came through a cleft in the cave roof.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use "cleft" to mean any kind of small hole. A cleft is usually long and narrow, like a line or groove, often created by splitting, not a round hole.
意味
narrow crack or split
コロケーション
a cleft in the rock
|deep cleft
|rock cleft
|cleft in the earth
|cleft in his chin
|a narrow cleft
類義語
crack (More general and informal; can be very small or short and is not necessarily long and narrow.)
|
fissure (More formal and technical, often used in scientific or medical contexts.)
対義語
solid (Describes something with no openings or splits.)
|
unbroken (Emphasizes that the surface has not been split or damaged.)
テーマ
nature
|anatomy
|visual
|body
|core_vocabulary
定義
A narrow crack or long hole made when something hard is split, especially in rock or in part of the body.
A narrow crack, opening, or split in a solid surface, especially in rock or a body part.
名詞
B2
TECHNICAL
2
用法パターン：
born with a cleft
Their son was born with a cleft and needed surgery in his first year.
Fiuk ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékkal született, és az első évben műtétre volt szüksége.
Many families travel long distances so their child’s cleft can be repaired.
Sok család nagy távolságokat utazik, hogy gyermekük ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékát megműthessék.
Early treatment of a cleft can greatly improve speech development.
The charity funds operations for children with untreated clefts.
Doctors explained that the cleft was a common birth difference and not the parents’ fault.
学習者向け例文
The baby was born with a cleft and could not feed well.
A baba ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékkal született, és nem tudott jól táplálkozni.
Doctors fixed the child’s cleft in a hospital.
Az orvosok kórházban műtötték meg a gyermek ajak- vagy szájpadhasadékát.
Some children with a cleft need help with speaking.
A cleft can be in the lip, the palate, or both.
They joined a support group for parents of children with a cleft.
よくある間違い：
Learners may think "a cleft" always means a crack in rock. In medical contexts, "a cleft" often specifically means a cleft lip or palate, a birth condition in the face or mouth.
意味
birth defect in lip or palate
コロケーション
born with a cleft
|repair a cleft
|cleft surgery
|treat a cleft
|cleft services
|cleft charity
類義語
cleft lip (More specific; refers only to the upper lip being split.)
|
cleft palate (More specific; refers only to the roof of the mouth being split.)
対義語
normal palate (Refers to a roof of the mouth that is fully formed and not split.)
|
intact lip (Describes an upper lip that has no split or opening.)
テーマ
medicine
|health
|biology
|body
定義
A problem present at birth where a baby’s upper lip or the roof of the mouth is split open instead of joined together.
A congenital split in the upper lip and/or the roof of the mouth (palate), commonly referred to as a cleft lip or cleft palate.
B2
3
hasadt
B2
用法パターン：
a cleft [body part/object]
The surgeon explained how the cleft palate would be closed in stages.
A sebész elmagyarázta, hogyan fogják több lépésben zárni a hasadt szájpadot.
He had a famous movie-star smile and a strong cleft chin.
Híres filmsztármosolya és markáns hasadt álla volt.
Most goats have cleft hooves that help them grip rocky ground.
The storm left behind a cleft tree, its trunk split almost in two.
The fossil showed a plant with long, cleft leaves.
学習者向け例文
The baby was born with a cleft lip.
A baba hasadt ajakkal született.
Her son has a cleft palate but speaks very well.
A fiának hasadt szájpada van, de nagyon jól beszél.
He has a cleft chin like his father.
The animal’s cleft hoof made two clear marks in the mud.
A cleft palate can be repaired with surgery.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes try to use "cleft" as a verb (e.g., *"The rock cleft open"*). In modern English, "cleft" is usually a noun or adjective; use "split" or "cracked" as the verb instead.
意味
split or divided in two
コロケーション
cleft palate
|cleft lip
|cleft chin
|cleft hoof
|cleft trunk
|cleft tree
類義語
split (Very close in meaning; more general and much more common.)
|
divided (More general; may not suggest a narrow opening as clearly as "cleft".)
対義語
joined (Emphasizes that the parts have grown or come together without a gap.)
|
solid (Suggests no separation or gap within the object or body part.)
テーマ
anatomy
|appearance
|description
|core_vocabulary
定義
Split into two parts so that there is a narrow opening or line between them.
Split or divided into two parts, especially in a way that creates a narrow opening or gap.
C1
TECHNICAL
4
hasított
C1
用法パターン：
a cleft sentence
In the example "It was John who called", the teacher highlighted this as a cleft sentence.
Az „It was John who called” példát a tanár hasított mondatként emelte ki.
Writers sometimes use a cleft structure to add emphasis at the start of a sentence.
Az írók néha hasított szerkezetet használnak, hogy a mondat elején hangsúlyt adjanak valaminek.
The linguist compared cleft and non-cleft sentences to show how focus works in English.
Cleft sentences like "What I need is a break" can sound more dramatic.
The article explains how cleft constructions change information structure.
学習者向け例文
The sentence "It was Tom who broke the glass" is a cleft sentence.
Az „It was Tom who broke the glass” mondat hasított mondat.
Cleft sentences help you show which part of the sentence is important.
A hasított mondatok segítenek megmutatni, melyik mondatrész a fontos.
Teachers sometimes use cleft sentences to explain word stress.
A cleft sentence often starts with "It is" or "What".
Linguists study how cleft sentences change meaning.
よくある間違い：
Learners may think "cleft sentence" is an error or very formal style. In fact, cleft sentences are common in both speech and writing to add focus or contrast.
意味
of a sentence: split for focus
コロケーション
cleft sentence
|it-cleft sentence
|wh-cleft construction
|use a cleft sentence
|analyzing cleft constructions
類義語
emphatic (Describes the function of many cleft sentences but does not refer to the specific grammatical structure.)
対義語
uncleft (Rare technical term for the simple, unsplit version of a sentence; mostly used in linguistic description.)
|
simple (Refers broadly to sentences that are not split into this special two-part structure.)
テーマ
language
|grammar
|education
|communication
定義
Used about a sentence that is changed into two parts to make one part strong or important, usually with "It is/was" or "What" at the beginning.
Describes a type of sentence in which a single clause is split into two parts to highlight or emphasize one element, typically using a structure like "It is/was X that…".
動詞
C2
LITERARY
5
kettéhasít
C1
用法パターン：
[something] was cleft [in/into] [parts]
A bolt of lightning cleft the old oak tree from top to bottom.
Egy villámcsapás tetejétől aljáig kettéhasította az öreg tölgyet.
The earthquake cleft the hillside, leaving a deep, jagged scar.
A földrengés felhasította a hegyoldalt, mély, szaggatott sebet hagyva maga után.
In the poem, the sea is cleft by the ship’s sharp bow.
The rock was cleft in two as if by a giant’s hand.
The land seemed cleft by dark rivers that cut across the plain.
学習者向け例文
In the story, the sword cleft the stone.
A történetben a kard kettéhasította a követ.
The mountain was cleft by a great crack.
Egy hatalmas repedés kettéhasította a hegyet.
The river has cleft a deep valley over time.
Old books sometimes say "cleft in two" instead of "split in two".
The cliff face looked like it had been cleft by fire.
よくある間違い：
Learners may try to use "cleft" as the normal past tense of "cleave" in modern English. In everyday use, people usually say "cleaved" or "split" instead; "cleft" sounds old-fashioned or literary.
意味
past of cleave (to split)
コロケーション
was cleft in two
|cleft in twain
|cleft by lightning
|cleft in pieces
|the earth cleft open
類義語
split (Modern, everyday verb; used in most contexts where "cleft" (verb) would be too literary.)
対義語
joined (Suggests the parts came together instead of being split apart.)
|
sealed (Emphasizes that any opening or crack has been closed.)
テーマ
literature
|violence
|nature
|education
|communication
定義
The past form of the verb "cleave" meaning to split something, used mainly in older or literary English.
Past tense and past participle of the verb "cleave" meaning to split or divide something, especially along a natural line or grain.
文法
辞書形
cleft
IPA
GB/klˈɛft/
US/klˈɛft/
音節・強勢
cleft （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (cleft)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: cleft
Noun
- Base: cleft
- Plural: clefts
関連語
Forms
clefts
noun
Core family
cleave
verb
Related words
cleavage
noun
cleaver
noun
表現
cleft chin
1/klˈɛft t͡ʃˈɪn/
fixed phrase
chin with a central groove
A chin that has a line or small deep space in the middle.
例文
- The actor’s strong jaw and cleft chin became his trademark.
- My grandfather had a cleft chin, and I inherited it from him.
- Some people find a cleft chin attractive, while others do not notice it.
cleft lip
1/klˈɛft lˈɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
split in the upper lip
A birth problem where the top lip is divided by a gap or opening.
例文
- Her son was born with a cleft lip but had it repaired when he was three months old.
- Cleft lip and cleft palate can occur together or separately.
- The charity pays for free operations for children with cleft lips.
cleft palate
1/klˈɛft pˈælɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
split in the roof of the mouth
A birth problem where the roof of the mouth is open in the middle instead of closed.
例文
- The baby was born with a cleft palate and needed surgery to help with feeding.
- Children with a cleft palate often work with a speech therapist.
- Modern surgery can usually repair a cleft palate in the first year of life.
cleft sentence
1/klˈɛft sˈɛntəns/
fixed phrase
technical
two-part sentence for emphasis
A sentence made into two parts, like "It was John who called", to make one part more important.
例文
- The teacher gave "It was Maria who solved the problem" as an example of a cleft sentence.
- Cleft sentences are often used in spoken English to add emphasis or contrast.
- Students practiced turning simple sentences into cleft sentences to focus on different information.