criminal
gb/kɹˈɪmənəl/ us/kɹˈɪmənəl/
A2
英語
~ 2000
elítélt, bűnöző, bűnözői, büntetőjogi, bűnügyi, felháborító, kriminális, kész bűn
名詞
A2
1
用法パターン：
[someone] is a criminal
The police finally caught the criminal after a long investigation.
A rendőrség hosszas nyomozás után végül elfogta a bűnözőt.
She believes the criminal should serve a long prison sentence.
Úgy véli, az elítéltnek hosszú börtönbüntetést kellene letöltenie.
The judge described him as a dangerous criminal.
That neighborhood has a problem with petty criminals.
The documentary followed the life of a career criminal.
学習者向け例文
The police arrested the criminal.
A rendőrség őrizetbe vette a bűnözőt.
The criminal is in jail now.
Az elítélt most börtönben van.
He is a dangerous criminal.
A criminal broke into my house.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'criminal' with 'crime'. 'Crime' is the illegal act; 'criminal' is the person who does it.
意味
Person guilty of a crime
コロケーション
dangerous criminal
|convicted criminal
|hardened criminal
|petty criminal
|career criminal
類義語
offender (More general term for someone who breaks the law; can include minor offenses.)
|
lawbreaker (Informal term emphasizing violation of the law.)
対義語
law-abiding citizen (Refers to someone who follows laws and does not commit crimes.)
テーマ
law
|crime
|society
|core_vocabulary
定義
A person who has done something against the law.
A person who has been proven guilty of breaking the law, especially through a court of law.
B1
2
用法パターン：
criminal [activity/behavior/law]
He was arrested for his involvement in criminal activity.
Bűnözői tevékenységben való részvétele miatt őrizetbe vették.
The government is working to reduce criminal behavior in the city.
A kormány azon dolgozik, hogy visszaszorítsa a bűnözői magatartást a városban.
She specializes in criminal law.
The report detailed the rise in criminal gangs.
学習者向け例文
They work to stop criminal activity.
Azon dolgoznak, hogy megfékezzék a bűnözői tevékenységet.
He studies criminal law.
Büntetőjogot tanul.
The police watch for criminal behavior.
That area has many criminal gangs.
よくある間違い：
Learners may use 'crime' instead of 'criminal' as an adjective; 'crime activity' is incorrect, should be 'criminal activity'.
意味
Relating to crime or criminals
コロケーション
criminal activity
|criminal behavior
|criminal law
|criminal investigation
類義語
illegal (Broad term for not allowed by law; not always connected to criminals directly.)
対義語
lawful (Permitted by law and not related to crime.)
テーマ
law
|crime
|core_vocabulary
定義
About crime or people who do crimes.
Involving or connected with illegal acts or people who commit them.
B2
INFORMAL
3
用法パターン：
It's criminal to [do something]
It's criminal to waste so much food when people are hungry.
Kész bűn ennyi ételt elpazarolni, amikor emberek éheznek.
The way they treated her was simply criminal.
Egyszerűen felháborító volt, ahogyan bántak vele.
Charging that much for water is almost criminal.
学習者向け例文
It is criminal to hurt animals.
Felháborító állatokat bántani.
Throwing away food is criminal.
Kész bűn ételt kidobni.
That price is criminal.
よくある間違い：
Learners may think this use always means 'illegal', but it can be figurative for 'very bad'.
意味
Extremely bad or morally wrong
コロケーション
criminal waste
|criminal neglect
類義語
outrageous (Strongly shocking or unfair, often causing anger.)
対義語
acceptable (Considered reasonable or fair in the situation.)
テーマ
emotions
|judgment
|core_vocabulary
定義
Very bad or unfair (not always against the law).
Used informally to describe something as very wrong, unfair, or morally unacceptable, not necessarily illegal.
文法
辞書形
criminal
IPA
GB/kɹˈɪmənəl/
US/kɹˈɪmənəl/
音節・強勢
crim - in - al （3音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (crim)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: criminal
Noun
- Base: criminal
- Plural: criminals
関連語
Forms
criminals
noun
Core family
crime
noun A2
Related words
criminally
adverb
Negative and opposite forms
decriminalize
verb
Advanced or less common
criminalize
verb
criminality
noun
criminology
noun
criminologist
noun
表現
career criminal
1/kɚˈɪɹ kɹˈɪmənəl/
fixed phrase
Person committing crimes long-term
A person who keeps doing crimes for many years and makes it their way of living.
例文
- The police identified him as a career criminal with dozens of arrests.
- Career criminals often start at a young age.
criminal justice system
1/kɹˈɪmənəl d͡ʒˈʌstɪs sˈɪstəm/
fixed phrase
Law system for crime and punishment
All the laws, courts, and police that deal with crime and punishment.
例文
- The book explains how the criminal justice system works in the United States.
- Many believe the criminal justice system needs reform.
criminal record
1/kɹˈɪmənəl ɹˈɛkɚd/
fixed phrase
Official history of past crimes
An official list of crimes that someone has done.
例文
- He couldn't get the job because of his criminal record.
- She has no criminal record and a clean background check.
petty criminal
1/pˈɛti kɹˈɪmənəl/
fixed phrase
Person committing minor crimes
A person who does small illegal things like stealing little things or damaging property.
例文
- Petty criminals are often given lighter sentences than violent offenders.
- He started out as a petty criminal before moving on to bigger crimes.