dam
gb/dˈæm/ us/dˈæm/
B1
英語
~ 6600
gát, duzzasztógát, elgátol, felduzzaszt, gátat épít, víztározó, anyaállat, anya
名詞
B1
1
gát
B1
duzzasztógát
B2
用法パターン：
a dam across [a river]
The government plans to build a new dam on the river to prevent flooding downstream.
A kormány új gát építését tervezi a folyón, hogy megelőzze az áradásokat a folyó alsóbb szakaszán.
Water from the dam supplies the entire city with drinking water.
A gát mögött felgyűlt víz látja el ivóvízzel az egész várost.
When the dam failed during the storm, the valley below was quickly flooded.
Tourists stopped to take photos from the top of the huge concrete dam.
The dam has a small road running across its top for maintenance vehicles.
学習者向け例文
They built a dam across the river.
Gátat építettek a folyóra.
The town gets its water from the big dam.
A város a nagy gát mögötti víztározóból kapja a vizét.
The dam holds a lot of water.
People walked out onto the dam to look at the lake.
Engineers checked the dam after the heavy rain.
よくある間違い：
Some learners confuse "dam" with "damn". "Dam" is a noun for a wall that holds back water, while "damn" is a verb or exclamation used as a swear word.
意味
Barrier built to hold back water
コロケーション
build a dam
|hydroelectric dam
|behind the dam
|dam wall
|dam project
類義語
barrier (More general; can be used for anything that blocks movement, not only water or rivers.)
対義語
breach (Refers to a break or gap in a wall or barrier, allowing water to escape, so it is the opposite situation of a solid dam.)
テーマ
environment
|engineering
|geography
|nature
|science
定義
A strong wall built across a river to stop or control the water.
A large wall or barrier built across a river or stream to hold back water, usually for water supply, electricity generation, or flood control.
動詞
B2
2
用法パターン：
to dam [a river / the flow / [something] up]
The company plans to dam the river to create a reservoir for irrigation.
A cég azt tervezi, hogy gátat épít a folyóra, és öntözéshez víztározót hoz létre.
Beavers instinctively dam small streams using branches and mud.
A hódok ösztönösen gátat építenek a kisebb patakokon ágakból és sárból.
The city decided not to dam the valley because of environmental concerns.
She tried to dam up her tears until she got home.
New regulations have effectively dammed the flow of illegal money into the country.
学習者向け例文
They want to dam the river to make a lake.
Gátat akarnak építeni a folyóra, hogy tavat hozzanak létre.
Beavers dam small rivers with wood and mud.
A hódok fából és sárból építenek gátat a kisebb folyókon.
The government will not dam this river because many people live nearby.
He tried to dam up his tears in front of his friends.
The new rule dammed the flow of money into the country.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use only "block" and do not realize that "dam" is more specific to liquids or things that move like a flow. Also, "dam up" is common; forgetting the particle "up" can sound less natural in some contexts (e.g. "dam up the river" sounds more idiomatic than just "dam the river" in everyday speech).
意味
Block or hold back a flow
コロケーション
dam a river
|dam up the stream
|dam the flow
|dam up feelings
|dam up the water
類義語
block (Broader and less specific; can refer to stopping movement of many things, not just liquids with a built structure.)
対義語
release (Means to let something flow or move freely again, the opposite of stopping or holding it back.)
テーマ
environment
|actions
|emotions
|core_vocabulary
定義
To stop water or another liquid from moving by putting a wall or other thing in its way; sometimes also to hold back feelings or ideas.
To stop or greatly reduce the flow of water or another liquid by building or using a barrier; by extension, to hold back or control something that flows freely, such as emotions or information.
名詞
B2
3
víztározó
B2
用法パターン：
a dam on [a farm / a property]
During the drought, the level of the farm dam dropped dangerously low.
Az aszály idején a gazdaság víztározójának vízszintje veszélyesen alacsonyra csökkent.
They walked down to the dam to check if the cattle still had enough water.
Lesétáltak a víztározóhoz, hogy megnézzék, van-e még elég ivóvize a marháknak.
The children spent the afternoon swimming in the dam behind the house.
A windmill pumps water from the dam to the storage tank.
Algae have started to cover the surface of the dam.
学習者向け例文
The cows drink from the dam on the farm.
A tehenek a gazdaság víztározójából isznak.
After the rain, the dam is full of water.
Az eső után a víztározó megtelt vízzel.
The children like to swim in the dam.
There is a small dam behind their house.
They use water from the dam for the animals.
よくある間違い：
Learners may not realize that in some varieties of English (for example Australian and South African English), "dam" can mean the whole water body, not just the wall. In other varieties, speakers would usually say "lake" or "reservoir" for the water and "dam" for the wall.
意味
Artificial lake formed by a dam
コロケーション
farm dam
|stock dam
|water from the dam
|swim in the dam
|dam level
類義語
reservoir (More general and more common internationally; used in both urban and rural contexts, while "dam" in this sense is often regional or rural.)
対義語
dry riverbed (A place where water used to flow but is now empty and dry, contrasting with a dam that stores water.)
テーマ
environment
|agriculture
|geography
|nature
|science
定義
A man-made lake of water that is held by a dam, often on a farm or in the countryside.
An artificial lake or pool of stored water formed behind a dam, especially on a farm or in rural areas.
名詞
C1
TECHNICAL
4
用法パターン：
the dam of [an animal]
The foal's dam has produced several successful racehorses.
A csikó anyja már több sikeres versenylovat is adott.
Both the sire and the dam are listed on the puppy's registration papers.
A kölyökkutya törzskönyvén az apaállat és az anyaállat is szerepel.
Breeders pay close attention to the health history of the dam.
This bull comes from a dam line known for high milk production.
The vet examined the dam shortly after she gave birth.
学習者向け例文
The dam of the horse is very strong.
A ló anyja nagyon erős.
The puppy's dam is a show dog.
A kölyökkutya anyja kiállítási kutya.
On the paper, they write the name of the sire and the dam.
Farmers choose a good dam to make strong animals.
The vet checked the dam and the baby animals.
よくある間違い：
Learners may confuse "dam" (animal mother) with "damn" or think it is a spelling mistake. In this sense, "dam" is a correct technical word, mainly used in breeding, farming, and veterinary contexts.
意味
Female parent of an animal
コロケーション
sire and dam
|the dam of the foal
|from a famous dam
|dam line
|by this sire out of this dam
類義語
mother (Everyday word; "dam" is the technical term used in breeding records and pedigree descriptions.)
対義語
sire (Refers to the male parent (the father) of an animal, the usual counterpart to the dam in breeding terminology.)
テーマ
animals
|science
|agriculture
定義
In breeding, the mother of an animal, especially on an official record.
In animal breeding, the female parent of a particular animal, especially a horse, dog, or farm animal, as recorded in pedigrees.
文法
辞書形
dam
IPA
GB/dˈæm/
US/dˈæm/
音節・強勢
dam （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (dam)
活用形
Verb
- Base: dam
- 3rd Person Singular: dams
- Present Participle: damming
- Past: dammed
関連語
Forms
dams
verb
damming
verb
dammed
verb
文法ポイント
- Irregular present participle: damming Verb
- Irregular past: dammed Verb
表現
dam up
1/dˈæm ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
Block or hold back a flow
To stop water or another flow from moving by blocking it, or to hold back feelings or thoughts so they do not come out.
例文
- Beavers often dam up small streams to create ponds.
- The city decided to dam up the old canal and turn the area into a park.
- She had dammed up her anger for years, and finally she exploded in one long speech.
the dam breaks
1/ðə dˈæm bɹˈeɪks/
idiom
Stored emotions suddenly pour out
Used to say that someone suddenly lets out many strong feelings after holding them in for a long time, or that something that was held back is suddenly released.
例文
- When she finally started talking about the accident, the dam broke and she told the whole story through tears.
- At first the crowd was quiet, but once the dam broke, people started shouting their questions all at once.
- He tried to stay calm, but when the dam finally broke he shouted at everyone in the room.